广东省揭阳市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题

揭阳市2021—2022学年度高中三年级教学质量测试

英  语

本试卷共10页，考试时间120分钟，满分120分

注意事项：

1.答题前，考生先将自己的信息填写清楚、准确，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码粘贴处。

2.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。

3.答题时请按要求用笔，保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不得使用涂改 液、修正带、刮纸刀。考试结束后，请将本试卷及答题卡交回。

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Most of us have dreamed of being a great inventor to create something great. However, just because someone's invented something, it doesn't mean that they're happy with the end result.

Albert Einstein-- The Atomic Bomb

It's Albert Einstein's work that made the creation of the atomic bomb possible. However, years later Einstein regretted having signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging him to support the research into nuclear chain reactions, because he believed the Germans were already working on it. " Had I known that the Germans would not succeed in producing an atomic bomb, ” he said, “I would have never lifted a finger.”

Ethan Zuckerman-- The Pop-up Advertisement

If you've ever found yourself yelling at your computer screen in frustration as yet another pop-up ad leaps into view, Zuckerman is the person to blame. "The business model that got us funded was advertising. The model was analyzing users' personal homepages so we could better target ads to them. Along the way, we ended up creating one of the most hated tools in the advertiser's toolkit: the pop-up ad,” Zuckerman explained.

Bob Propst---The Office Cubicle （隔间）

In the 1960s, Bob Propst introduced the office cubicle to Americans. It was designed to “ give knowledge workers a more flexible environment than the rat-maze boxes of offices ”. Companies saw his invention as a way to save money, doing away with individual offices and replacing them with open plans and cubicles. However, Propst came to complain his invention. “The cubiclizing of people in modem corporations is extremely mad and stupid, ” he said.

1. What are the initial purpose of the inventions of the Pop-up Advertisement and the Office Cubicle?

A. To save money. B. To entertain the users.

C. To benefit the companies. D. To impress the companies.

2. What do the three inventions have in common?

A. Their inventors regretted their creations.

B. They are disliked by all those who use them.

C. They have been widely used in our daily life.

D. The inventions could save a lot of money.

3. In which section of a magazine may this text appear?

A. Story. B. Business.

C. Education. D. Technology.

B

I became a magician by accident. When I was nine years old, I learned how to make a coin disappear. I'd read The Lord of the Rings and gone into the adult section of the library to be buried in fantasy literature. I was young enough to still hold out hope that I might find a book of real, actual magic in the library. The book I found instead taught basic techniques, and I tried to practice.

At first the magic wasn't any good. It was just a trick - a bad trick. I spent hours each day running through the secret moves in front of the mirror. I dropped the coin over and over, a thousand times in a day. After two weeks my mom got a carpet and placed it under the mirror to muffle the sound of the coin falling again and again.

One day I made the coin disappear on the playground. We had been playing football and were standing in the field behind the school. A dozen people were watching. I showed the coin to everyone. Then it disappeared. The kids screamed. Everyone went crazy.

A few years later, I staged an underwater escape in the river that flowed through the middle of the campus of the University of Iowa, where I went to school. I stood on a boat in the middle of the river wearing nothing but biking shorts. The sky was dead and gray, and the water was cold at the surface, and colder in the depths below.

Technically, I succeeded. I jumped into the water, sank to the bottom, and escaped from the locks and the chains before swimming to the surface. But it didn't feel like a success.

4. What do we know about the author?

A. He became a magician in one day.

B. He found wonderful techniques in the library.

C. He never stopped practicing in order to become a magician.

D. He looked through every section of the library to search for a useful book.

5. What does the underlined word “muffle” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A. To urge the author to lower his voice.

B. To make the sounds less noisy.

C. To prevent the coin from falling.

D. To decrease the number of the coin.

6. How did the author make the kids scream?

A. By making the coin disappear.

B. By playing football with them.

C. By practicing his techniques more frequently.

D. By providing hands-on practice.

7. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. What Can Give You a Magic Life.

B. A Nineteen-year-old Magician.

C. The Magic Trick that Influenced My Life.

D. A Brief Introduction to a Magician's Life.

C

With low temperatures, radiation and high-energy particles，the vacuum of space is nothing but severe. Can you imagine spending six hours walking in space? Chinese astronauts did just that on their latest spacewalk.

On August 20th, 2021, Chinese astronauts Liu Boming and Nie Haisheng went out on the second spacewalk of the Shenzhou XⅡ mission. The pair set up and adjusted equipment, showed their spacesuits and tested the large robotic arm and other spacewalk- related devices.

Despite the astronaut's skill, spacewalking is a challenging task. Luckily, their bulky（臃肿的）spacesuits protect them. A spacesuit is like a small space station. It has everything astronauts need when they carry out a spacewalk.

China's Feitian spacesuits have six layers. The innermost layer collects astronauts' urine （尿液）.There are also four layers that help control the temperature and air pressure inside the suit. Spacesuits are filled with air, so they looked like they're puffed up. The sixth layer is made of special fibers that protect astronauts from radiation. Astronauts are connected to the space station with safety ropes. The suit has headphones and speakers for astronauts to communicate. There is also a mirror on the wrist that astronauts can use to check their suits.

The first Feitian suit was made in 2008. Zhai Zhigang wore it to carry out China's first spacewalk, which lasted about 19 minutes. The suits Chinese astronauts wear today are the second generation of Feitian. They can support longer walks lasting up to 8 hours and can be used more often. The first generation could only be used 5 times within two years, while the second generation can be used 15 times within three years. Each suit costs around 30 million yuan, and it takes four months to make just one.

8. What can we learn about the spacewalk of the Shenzhou XⅡ mission from the passage?

A. It was carried out this spring.

B. It was China's first spacewalk.

C. It lasted a total of six hours.

D. It was completed by three astronauts.

9. How are China's Feitian spacesuits designed to protect astronauts?

A. The innermost layer adjusts the temperature.

B. The outermost layer protects astronauts from radiation.

C. They include five layers with different functions.

D. Three other layers control air pressure inside the suit.

10. According to the passage, what do Chinese astronauts need when carrying out spacewalks?

a. headphones b. speakers c. mirror d. radar e. compass f. safety ropes

A. a, b, c, f B. a, b, d, f

C. a, b, e, f D. c, d, e, £

11. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?

A. Disadvantages of the first Feitian suit.

B. The process of making the first Feitian suit.

C. New technology applied to the second Feitian suit.

D. Differences between the two generations of Feitian suits.

D

A scientific paper arguing that the cats may indeed go beyond some of the usual physical boundaries has been recognized with one of science's most famous accolades（荣 誉）：an Ig Nobel Prize.

The theoretical paper, “On the Rheology of Cats"， argues that cats can technically be regarded as solid and liquid at the same time due to their mysterious ability to adopt the shape of their container.

The annual awards ceremony for research that “first makes you laugh, then makes you think” took place at Harvard University on Thursday evening, September 14th, with three Nobel winners, including the British-born economist Oliver Hart, on hand to distribute prizes.

The 10 awards included the economics prize, which went to an investigation into how contact with a live crocodile affects a person's willingness to gamble and the anatomy （解剖学）prize for James Heathcote's solving the longstanding mystery of why old men have such big ears （they don't keep growing, but gravity stretches them）. The ceremony also rewarded the observation by Italian scientists that many identical twins cannot tell themselves apart in pictures.

Marc-Antoine Fardin, the sole author of the cat paper, was inspired by a set of internet funny photos of cat-filled containers, ranging from sweet jars to sinks. "If you are observing a cat on a time larger than its relaxation time, it will be soft and adapt to its container, like a liquid would. This actually raised some interesting questions about what it means to be a fluid and so I thought it could be used to highlight actually serious topics at the centre  of the field of rheology, the study of flows, " he said.

Milo Puhan, a professor of public health and epidemiology said he was honoured to be a winner in this ceremony, noting that some past Ig Nobel Prize winners have later upgraded to Nobel Prize winners status.

Marc Abrahams, founder of the awards, said, “If you didn't win an Ig Nobel Prize tonight---and especially if you did — better luck next year. ”

12 What do we know about Ig Nobel Prize from the text?

A. It is held occasionally.

B. It's popular and well-known.

C. It aims to make people laugh.

D. The winners are also those of the Nobel Prize.

13 Why does Marc-Antoine Fardin mention the internet photos of cat-filled containers? A. To present an example of his cat paper.

B To make a comparison of the cat and fluid flow.

C. To show the inspiration for his study of the flow.

D. To introduce an interesting topic of his recent study.

14 What is professor Milo Puhan’s attitude to Ig Nobel Prize?

A. Proud. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Ironic.

15. Which of the following research is unsuitable to illustrate “first makes you laugh, then makes you think”？

A. The try to measure the pleasurability of scratching an itch.

B. The discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability.

C. The study of leaning to the left makes the Eiffel Tower seem smaller.

D. The study of what happens when a person walks while carrying a cup of coffee.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Where is the better place to live? City or countryside? 16   Leaving the noise and rapid pace of city life and entering the peace and quiet of the countryside is surely beneficial. There are big, open space where you can get close to nature. 17   People know each other better, and there is often a real sense of community in small towns that is seldom found in big cities.

However, for someone who has lived in large towns and cities for long, like me, country life takes quite some adjusting to. 18   You have to get used to the town becoming completely dead from about 12: 00 to 2: 00 pm, when everyone takes a long lunch break. Transport is often a problem as well. 19   And it's even more difficult to leave the town, as usually the closest neighbouring town city is miles away.

What's more, the sense of community in small towns can sometimes make visitors feel a little unwelcome. So far, no one has been unfriendly towards me, but the fact that I'm clearly foreign in this small community makes me feel uncomfortable.

20   It's hard to find people with whom I have things in common, and who I can talk to!

Yet, despite all this, I'm trying hard to take advantage of the beauty, simplicity, and ease of the country lifestyle in France.

A. It takes a long time to get used to it.

B. The air is fresh, clean and unpolluted.

C. For some, living in the country is a dream.

D. Firstly, the pace of life is much, much slower.

E. If you don't have a car, it can be difficult to get around.

F. They wonder what a young girl is doing in the countryside.

G. The biggest disadvantage for me is that there are very few people of my age.

第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。

When I was a child, I always wanted to be a superhero. I wanted to 21 the world and then make everyone happy. But I knew that I'd need superpower to make my dreams come true. When I grew up and realized that science fiction was not a good source for 22   , I decided to go on a journey of 23   science, to find a more useful truth.

I started my journey in California with a UC Berkeley 30-year study that examined the photos of students in some old yearbooks and tried to 24   their success and well­being throughout their life. I 25   a celebrity's picture. When I first saw his picture, I thought that these superpowers came from his super collar. But now I know it was all in his 26

Smiling stimulates our brain reward mechanism in a way that even chocolate - a well-regarded pleasure inducer（诱导物）--cannot 27   British researchers found that one smile can produce the same 28   of brain stimulation as up to 2,000 bars of chocolate. The same study found that smiling is as stimulating as 29   up to 16, 000 pounds in cash. That's like 25 thousand dollars a smile. It's not bad.

And, unlike lots of chocolate, lots of smiling can actually make you 30 Smiling can help reduce the level of stress-enhancing hormones（荷尔蒙）,increase the level of 31 hormones and reduce overall blood pressure.

So whenever you want to look great and competent, reduce your 32    or feel as if you just had a whole stack of high-quality chocolate — without worrying about the caloric 33                 ---or as if you found 25 thousand dollars in a pocket of an old jacket you hadn't

34   for ages, or whenever you want to tap into a superpower that will help you and

everyone 35    you live a longer, healthier, happier life, smile.

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。

You may think, salt is just a simple cooking element. Actually, salt is much more than that. Without salt our muscles would not move, and our heart would not beat. Salt means life.

But do not think rubbing salt in a wound will help. Doing that would be painful and not heal the wound. To rub salt in a wound is an idiom that means to 36    (purpose ) make a bad situation 37   ( bad ).

Early 38   ( explore) understood that if they could keep food fresh, they could travel longer distances. So they made good use of salt to preserve food and explored the world.

Salt was so important that it 39    (trade) pound — for — pound for gold in the past. Today, people still use “to be worth one's salt" 40   (describe) a person who is useful and valuable. A person might also be called “the salt of the earth"， 41    means he or she is dependable and trustworthy.

In many old stories, spilled salt is a sign 42    bad luck and trouble. Even today, if some people spill salt, then they will throw 43     over their shoulder. They believe 44    （throw） salt behind them scares the devil.

But these stories about bad luck should be taken with a grain of salt. In other words, listen to a story or 45     explanation with suspicion and distrust.

第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分）

最近英语周刊Teens Senior以 “如何正确对待中华优秀传统文化”为主题向中学生征稿。 请你写一篇英语短文，谈谈自己的想法。

1.我们应该保护和传承中华优秀传统文化，并给出理由；

2.呼吁社会共同参与。

注意：写作词数应为80左右。

参考词汇：传承inherit

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

On Thursday, Mr. Burke announced there would be a unit test the next day and anyone who didn't pass would have to come to school on Saturday, most particularly me, since I didn't pass the last unit test.

I did plan to study just to prove to him that I was plenty smart-which I was mostly except in math, which I'd be okay in if I'd memorize my times tables（乘法表）.Just when I was ready to work, Nicho, my 5-year-old brother, came into my room with our new rabbit and it jumped on my desk and knocked the flashcards all over the floor.

I asked my mother to help me pick them up, but she said I was old enough to help myself. Anyway, Nicho and I took the rabbit outside and before long it was dinner. After dinner my father said I could watch a special on television if I'd done all my homework.

Of course I said I had.

That was the beginning. I felt terrible telling my father a lie about the homework so I couldn't even enjoy the special.

Not much is important in our family. My friend Plummer had to do well in school and he was smart in math. And Andy had so many family rules to follow. My parents didn't bother making up a lot of rules. But we do have to tell the truth-even if it's bad. You can imagine how I didn't really enjoy the special and felt uneasy.

It was nine o'clock when I got up to my room and that was too late to study for the test so I lay in my bed with the light off and decided what I would do the next day. But when I thought about Mr. Burke, it seemed perfectly sensible to cheat. Not passing the test was such a terrible thing that I just forgot my parents' big thing about telling the truth.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已写好；

3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph 1:

In the morning, I went into class cheerfully as usual                                                                               .

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Paragraph 2:

“Mommy says you are sick and have been in your room since school," my father asked.

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