高二英语寒假作业同步练习题动名词作主语含解析

动名词作主语

1．The rain had stopped and a star or two was _________ (可见的)  over the mountains. (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】visible

【详解】考查形容词。句意：雨已经停了，远山上的天空中能看到几点疏星。这里要用visible表示形容词“可见的”。故填visible。

2．You can stay at my ____________ (村舍) in the country whenever you like. (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】cottage

【详解】考查名词。句意：只要你们愿意，可以呆在我乡下的房子里。这里要用cottage表示“村舍”。故填cottage。

3．They've been debating with their neighbours for years over a ________ (边界)  issue. (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】boundary

【详解】考查名词。句意：他们为边界问题与邻国争论了多年。根据汉语意思“边界”以及上文冠词a，可知应填单数名词boundary。故填boundary。

4．The geography teacher showed me a drawing of the ___________ (冰川) . (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】glacier

【详解】考查名词。句意：地理老师给我看了一幅冰川的图画。根据汉语意思“冰川”以及上文定冠词the，可知应填名词glacier。故填glacier。

5．They have no children of their own, but they're hoping to _________ (领养) one. (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】adopt

【详解】考查动词。句意：他们自己没有孩子，但希望能领养一个孩子。根据汉语意思“领养”可知应填动词adopt，且上文为短语hope to do sth.，可知应填动词原形。故填adopt。

6．It is a law that _________ (禁止)  tobacco advertising in newspapers and magazines. (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】prohibits

【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是一项禁止在报纸和杂志上刊登烟草广告的法律。根据汉语意思“禁止”可知应填动词prohibit，作谓语，且根据上文is可知为一般现在时，此处为句为定语从句，a law 为先行词，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填prohibits。

7．This gives you the opportunity to pray for and ___________ (祝福)  the other. (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】bless

【详解】考查动词。句意：这给了你为他人祈祷和祝福的机会。根据汉语意思“祝福”可知应填动词bless，结合上文the opportunity to pray for and可知此处为不定式作定语，故应填动词原形。故填bless。

8．The school rules state that no children shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless adults ___________ (陪伴) by them. (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】accompany

【详解】考查必备词汇。句意：学校规定，除非有大人陪同，否则白天不允许任何孩子离开学校。分析句子结构可知空格所在的句子是一个条件状语从句，主句为一般现在时，且表示的学校规定，故从句也要用一般现在时，accompany by是一个固定短语，意为：伴随、陪伴，根据汉语提示可知答案为accompany。

9．I hit my leg on the _________ (边缘) of the table as I walked past. (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】edge

【详解】考查名词。句意：我走过桌子旁时把腿磕在桌子边上了。这里要用edge表示名词“边缘”。故填edge。

10．Although the local people are a minority, they have firm control of the ____________ (领土). (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】territory

【详解】考查名词。句意：虽然当地人是少数，但他们牢牢地控制着这块领土。根据汉语意思“领土”以及上文定冠词the，可知应填名词territory，作宾语。故填territory。

语法专题（动名词做主语）

1.动词-ing形式由“动词 + ing形式”构成, 该结构可以在句中作主语, 动词-ing形式作主语多指抽象的、概念性的动作, 可以是经常性的行为。

Swimming does good to our health. 游泳对我们的身体有好处。

1.动词-ing形式作主语的用法

(1)直接用在句首作主语

Learning about a language is easier than using it. 学习有关语言的知识比使用它容易。

(2)用it作形式主语, 把动词-ing形式后置, 常用在下面句式中。

it is no /little use doing sth 做某事没有/几乎没有用处

it is worth doing sth 做某事是值得的

it is a waste of time doing sth 做某事是浪费时间

it is fun doing sth 便很有趣

It is no good quarrelling with him. 和他争吵没有好处。

It is no use telling her not to worry. 告诉她不要着急也没有用。

It’s a waste of time arguing about it. 争论这事是浪费时间。

 (3)用于“there be”结构中

There is no saying when it will stop raining. 无法断定这场雨什么时候会停。

(4)动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语

当动词-ing形式有自己的逻辑主语时,常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格,构成动名词的复合结构。

His coming to the party made me very excited. 他来参加派对使我很兴奋。

练习：

11．__with his entire family is the most important part of Spring Festival for him. (be) （所给词的适当形式填空）

【答案】Being

【详解】考查动名词。句意：对他来说，和全家人在一起是春节最重要的部分。根据句子结构，____ with his entire family是本句的主语，此处需要用动名词作主语，故填Being。

12．________(get) stuck in the traffic jams makes me annoyed. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】Getting

【详解】考查动名词。句意：堵车使我很恼火。此处用动名词（doing）作主语，首字母大写。故填Getting。

13．______ (understand) your own needs and styles of communication,as we all know, is as important, if not more, as learning to convey your affection and emotions.（所给单词适当形式填空）

【答案】Understanding

【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们都知道，了解你自己的需求和沟通方式，与学习表达你的情感和情感同等重要，甚至更重要。作系动词is的主语应用动名词。故填Understanding。

14．_______(focus) your attention on the text rather than the grammar will help you understand the passage better. （所给单词适当形式填空）

【答案】Focusing

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你把注意力放在课文上而不是语法上，会帮助你更好地理解课文。分析句子可知，will help为句子谓语，空格处以及谓语前面内容为主语，所以此处应用focus的动名词形式。因位于句首，首字母大写。故填Focusing。

15．________ (go) to bed early and rising early is a good habit. （用单词的适当形式填空）

【答案】Going

【详解】考查动名词。句意：早睡早起是个好习惯。分析句子成分可知，句子的谓语是is，设空处与“and rising”作并列主语，所以设空处也应填入ing形式。故填Going。

16．There is a rule: ___________(carve) names on the desk is forbidden in the classroom. （所给单词适当形式填空）

【答案】carving

【详解】考查动名词。句意：有一条规定：禁止在教室里的桌子上刻字。分析句子可知，冒号后面的句子缺少主语，表示“在桌子上刻字”这一动作，用动词carve的动名词carving做主语。故填carving。

17．____________ (study) hard isn't always fun, but I'll be well-prepared for university or whatever comes in the future.(所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】Studying

【详解】考查动名词。句意：努力学习并不总是有趣的，但是我会为将来的大学或任何事情做好准备。分析句子成分可知，设空为主语，又因为此处泛指“努力学习”，故应用动名词形式来做主语。故填Studying。

18．________ (study) hard isn't always fun. (所给词的适当形式填空）

【答案】Studying

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：努力学习并不是总是很有趣的。分析句子结构可知，空处是句中主语，需用动名词作主语，所以空处应填动名词形式且位于句首第一个字母大写。故填Studying。

19．___________ (listen) to English radio programmes helps him get used to how fast native speakers talk. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】Listening

【详解】考查动名词。句意：听英文广播节目帮他习惯了外国人的快语速。分析句子成分可知，谓语动词是helps,所以该空应该填listen的非谓语动词形式。根据句意可知“听英语广播”是一个长期的、习惯性的动作，所以应该用listen的动名词形式来作主语，故填Listening。

20．______________ (expose) to the sun for a long time does harm to our skin. (所给词的适当形式填空）

【答案】Being exposed

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：长时间暴露在太阳下对我们的皮肤有害。be exposed to曝光于，暴露。分析句子可知，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填Being exposed。

阅读理解

 A walk through the galleries of Quebec's Montreal Museum of Fine Arts (MMFA) places individuals face-to-face with some 43,000 artworks ranging from Chinese ceramics (陶瓷制品) to Inuit sculpture.

While the visiting is an incredible cultural experience, a group of local physicians will soon be able to prescribe(开处方) museum visits as treatment for some illnesses.

Hélène Boyer, vice president of a Montreal-based medical association, explains that museum visits have been shown to increase levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter (神经传导物质) known as the "happy chemical" which helps to lift mood.

According to Boyer, the small increase in hormones(荷尔蒙)associated with enjoying an afternoon of art is similar to that offered by exercise, making museum prescriptions ideal for the elderly experiencing pain that prevents them from regularly joining in physical activity.

The museum visits are designed to improve traditional methods. As Bondil notes, spending time in a peaceful environment can provide a welcome distraction. "What is most important is this experience can help them escape from their own pain," she says. "When you enter the museum, you escape from the speed of our daily life."

"I am convinced that in the 21st century, culture will be what physical activity was for health in the 20th century," said Bondil. " Some people would do well to recall that just in the 19th century, sports were believed to do harm to the body. Just as doctors now prescribe exercise, they will be able to prescribe a visit to the MMFA．"

21．What does Hélène Boyer think of museum visits?

A．They can cheer people up. B．They can reduce physical activity.

C．They can slow down our life pace. D．They can increase levels of art appreciation.

22．How do museum visits affect people?

A．Stop them concentrating on pain.

B．Stop them focusing on traditional methods.

C．Encourage them not to be absent-minded.

D．Encourage them to slow their steps while walking.

23．What does the last paragraph suggest?

A．Physical activities were popular in the 19th century.

B．Sports are considered to be harmful to the body.

C．Ideas of treating illnesses are changing over time.

D．Doctors prescribe museum visits regularly now.

24．What is the main idea of the text?

A．Museum visits are ideal for the elderly. B．Happy chemical helps to lift mood.

C．Peaceful environment helps escape pain. D．Cultural activities will promote health

【答案】21．A 22．A 23．C 24．D

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在21世纪，像参观博物馆之类的文化活动将像20世纪体育运动对健康的意义那样提升人们的健康。

21．推理判断题。根据第三段Hélène Boyer, vice president of a Montreal-based medical association, explains that museum visits have been shown to increase levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter known as the "happy chemical" which helps to lift mood.可知，Hélène Boyer认为参观博物馆可以提高血清素的水平，而血清素可以提升情绪，由此推知他认为参观博物馆可以让人高兴，振作起来，故A项正确。

22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的As Bondil notes, spending time in a peaceful environment can provide a welcome distraction. "What is most important is this experience can help them escape from their own pain,"可知，参观博物馆可以让人们转移注意力，不那么专注于痛苦，故A项正确。

23．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的in the 19th century, sports were believed to do harm to the body. Just as doctors now prescribe exercise, they will be able to prescribe a visit to the MMFA.可知，19世纪，体育运动被认为对身体有害，而现在医生给病人开运动处方。再根据I am convinced that in the 21st century, culture will be what physical activity was for health in the 20th century.可知，在21世纪，文化将成为20世纪体育运动对健康的意义，由此推知，疾病治疗观念随着时间的推移而改变，故C项正确。

24．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段中的culture will be what physical activity was for health in the 20th century可知，在21世纪，文化活动将像20世纪体育运动对健康的意义那样提升人们的健康，故D项正确。

【点睛】说明文的主旨大意题难度较大，需要被选选项高度概括出全文内容，例如本篇第4题，文章第一段引出参观博物馆的话题，第二段说医生很快就会开参观博物馆的处方来治疗某些疾病，最后一段又说在21世纪，文化将像20世纪体育运动对健康的意义那样提升人们的健康，由此可知本文主要讲的就是文化活动能够促进健康。

写作（改错）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I would like to share to you the story about my grandma.

In my teenage years, what impresses me most was the way she said goodbye to me every time I packed different bag and got ready to return to the city after spending a summer at home."Working hard, and don't miss home," she told me at the front door, trying hardly to hold back her own tears.Weak and lonely, my grandma stood against the door, which nearly made me to cry. Then, he walked back into the house hurriedly before I even got into my dad's car. All of sudden, a feeling of guilt struck me. I longed to hug her and say something, and at that moment I was surprising to find myself helplessly silent.

However, there is no possibility that I can hug her now.

【答案】1. to—with 2.impresses-impressed 3.bag---bags 4. Working---Work 5. hardly---hard             

6.去掉to 7. he---she 8. All of sudden----加 a 9.and---but 10.surprising---surprised

【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者对已故奶奶的怀念。

【详解】

小题1.考查介词。句意：我想要跟你们分享一下我奶奶的故事。和某人分享用share with somebody，故to改为with。

小题2. 考查动词时态。句意：在我青少年时期，让我印象深刻的是和奶奶再见的场景。In my teenage years表示过去发生的动词，故impresses改为impressed。

小题3. 考查名词。句意：我打包各种行李。different后面用名词复数，故bag改为bags。

小题4. 考查动词。句意：努力学习，不要想家。对第二人称所说的话，动词原型开头，这是祈使句，故Working改为Work。

小题5. 考查副词。句意：奶奶尽量在忍住泪水。hardly是几乎不，而文章表示努力做，用hard修饰动词，表示努力，故hardly改为hard。

小题6. 考查动词。句意：奶奶站在门边，看到这个场景让我想要哭。make somebody do 让某人做某事,故去掉to。

小题7. 考查代词。句意：她快速回家。本文都是在讲奶奶，不能用指代男性的代词，故 he改为she。

小题8. 考查冠词。句意：突然，一种内疚感犹然而生。all of a sudden是固定短语表示突然，故sudden前加 a。

小题9. 考查连词。句意：我渴望拥抱奶奶，但是此时我惊讶地发现自己无助的沉默。前后表示转折，故and改为but。

小题10. 考查形容词。句意：我惊讶地发现自己无助的沉默。人做主语，表示感到的形容词用ed形式，故surprising改为surprised。