小升初情态动词专项学案

六年级英语专项练习：情态动词   

一、    情态动词的定义：

情态动词有词义，但它不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化；它的后面必须跟动词原形。

二、    情态动词的种类：

情态动词有can (could), may, must, have to, shall (should), will (would), need等，这些是小学阶段需掌握的情态动词。

三、    情态动词的用法：

一、 can, (could 过去式）

1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。 　　

Can you lift this heavy box?（体力） 　　

Mary can speak three languages.（知识） 　　

Can you skate?（技能） 　　　　　　

2) 表示请求和允许。 　　

Can I go now? 　　

Could \Can you help me? ---- Yes, of course.\Certainly.\ Sure.

Could \Can you tell me the way to the Zoo?

3) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。 　　

Can this be true? 　　

This can’t be done by him. 　　

How can this be true? 　　

二、 may　

1) 表示请求和允许。否定回答时可用can’t 或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。 　　

---- May I smoke in this room? 　　

---- No, you mustn’t. 　　

---- May I take this book out of the room? 　　

---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t) 　　

用May I...？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I...？在口语中更常见。

2）表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。 　　　　

1．He may be very busy now. 　　

2．Your mother may not know the truth. 　　

3）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 　　

May you succeed! 　　

三、 must, have to 　　

1) must表示必须、必要, 带有命令强制口气；而have to表示不得不，很勉强，强调客观需要。

You must come in time.

We must help each other.　

My sister is ill; my mother has to look after her.

I had to work when I was your age.

注意：must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。 在回答由must引起的疑问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用needn’t, don’t have to（不必要）。

---- Must we hand in our exercise books today? 　　

---- Yes, you must. 　　

---- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t. 　　

2) must表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句），意思为“一定是,必然……”。  　　

1． You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best. 　　

2． Your mother must be waiting for you now. 　

四、 shall,　

1) shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。 　　

What shall we do this evening? 　　

2) shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 　　

1. You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告) 　　

2. He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺) 　　

3. He shall be punished.(威胁) 　

五、 should和shouldn’t表示 应该 劝告、建议。 　　

I should help her because she is in trouble. 　　　

You should go to class right away.

She shouldn’t play computer games too much.

六、will （过去式would）

1) 做助动词，表示一般将来时，将要。

He will be home at six.

Bob will leave school next month.

2) 作为情态动词时表示“愿意”“意愿”“会”。

I will help you.

I will never do that again.

Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?

相关练习：
(一) 用适当的情态动词填空。
1.  Must I borrow the book with my ID card?   No, you ________.
2. ________ I use your car?   Yes, you ________.
3. ________ I go home now?  No, you _________ stay here.
4.    My mother is ill. I _________ stay at home and look after her.
5.   ________ you like some tea?
6. You ________ take more exercise.
7. ________ you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park?
8. The clock ________ tell us the time.
9. ________ you like to go fishing with me?
10. ________ we play football this afternoon?

 (二) 按要求改写句子。
1.   I can run fast.
   I ________ ________ fast.  (否定句)
2.    You must return the book now.（一般疑问句）
   ________ I the book now? No, you ________.
3.    He can play basketball well. （一般疑问句）
   _______ he ______ basketball well?
4.   They must take the books out of the room. （否定句）
   They ________ ________ the books out of the room.
5.   He should get up early.   (否定句)
   He _______ get up late.

(三) 对划线部分提问。

1. We mustn’t pick the flowers in the park.  
2. We should plant more trees.
3. I would you like some cakes to eat?

4. She could swim five years ago.

5. We should protect animals because they are our good friends .
6.Tom could go to the cinema (电影院) with  his sister .

(四) 圈出正确答案。

1）Lucy should              her homework now. 

   A. finishes         B. finishing         C. finished         D. finish

2）My mother would             back soon. 

   A. came         B. comes         C. come         D. will come

3）Could you             me a hand. 

   A. giving         B. gives         C. given         D. give

4）Should I              now. 

   A. started         B. starting         C. start         D. starts

5）             I take this one? 

   A. Could          B. Will          C. Are          D. Do

6）- Can you speak English?

   - No, I              . 

   A. mustn't         B. can't         C. couldn't         D. may not

7）You              go and see a doctor because you had a fever(发烧). 

   A. could         B. might         C. should         D. would

8）Jim              come tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. 

   A. should         B. might         C. would         D. shall

9）The children              play football on the road. 

   A. couldn't         B. could         C. must         D. mustn't

10）- Can I take this book out? 

    - No, you             .

   A. must not         B. could not         C. will not         D. aren't

11）I             like to go with you. 

   A. could         B. would         C. should         D. will

12）She is bleeding (流血). She             go to hospital quickly. 

   A. could         B. would         C. should         D. will

13）You             watch TV after finishing your homework. 

   A. would         B. can         C. must         D. should

14）It is late. I             go home now. 

   A. could         B. would         C. should         D. will

15）- What              I do at the meeting?

   A. has to         B. would like         C. should         D. not should