专题06 介词和介词短语-备战2021年高考英语语法填空秒杀思维和技巧
展开备战2021年高考英语语法填空秒杀思维和技巧
专题06 介词和介词短语
介词,这部分不是像语法书上给出一系列语法知识点,而是结合考题直接整理常考的考点以及例子
- 方位
2.时间
At+具体时间点
On +具体几月几号 周几 具体某天早中晚
In+世纪 年 月 century year month
eg on the morning of Christmas
on October the first
In可表示一段时间之后
For+时间段,since+时间点,均为完成时标志
Over表在什么期间,over the past years也是完成时。
By不迟于,且by the end of+时间 是完成时标志。
3.表示工具 手段
By+交通工具、方式(2018-1-5 by walking...)
In+语言、颜色、书写工具
On the radio/phone为固配
4.表原因
With+感情色彩词形容词
For+reason/famous/known
Over+感情色彩动词
eg.her face went red ___anger.
They cried ____the loss of money.
5.表支持与反对
Against反对
For支持
6.as
As表作为
eg Alipay has gained a large popularity __a payment tool.
Eg.(2017-1-1 ...medical community ___a method to...)
高频:把...当作
Think of...as regard/recognize/treat/view/consider/see/refer to/look upon..as把…当作
引导词as用法:
As表正如 就像,非限制性定语从句
eg as is known to all=it is known that...众所周知
As is expected正如所料
As the saying goes俗话说
As表当...时/随着 时间状
As time goes by 随着时间流逝
As the population grows/grew 随着人口增长2016-3-5
As表因为 原因状
as, (just) as…so…表正如,就像 方式状
Eg Always do to the others as you would be done by.
己所不欲勿施于人。
As water is to fish, so air is to man.
我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。
As表尽管 让步状
as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现,被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形。
Hard______ he works, he makes little progress.
As做连词
As..adj. as possible尽可能…2016-2-5
7.其他
With系列
With time going by随着时间流失
With the development of随着..发展
With 有着with the help of..在…的帮助下
without 没有
For系列
Leave..for 离开…前往…
For+段时间
Have time for..有时间…
For good永久
For+段时间
For sb to do
under系列
Under+抽象名词表处于...状态下
Under construction正在被建筑/protection被保护/heated discussion被激烈讨论
Beyond 系列
Beyond recognition认不出来/ability做不到/control失控=out of control
to系列
To+情感词
To one’s surprise/delight另某人开心的是/horror恐惧/sorrow悲痛/regret遗憾
Answer to the question问题的答案
Key to the door门的钥匙
Key to success成功的秘诀
In系列
In relief如释重负/ruin摧毁/return作为回报/vain徒劳/reality事实上
Have trouble in doing做...有麻烦
Take pride in以...为傲
In this way用这种方法
In…situation在..情况下=in this/that case
名词interest感兴趣/expert/major专攻于/pride骄傲于/trouble有麻烦后常见in
On系列
Give/deliver a speech on做演讲
Have an effect/influence/impact on有影响
On…occasion在…场合/时机
Feed on 以..为食
At系列
At the age of 在..几岁时候
At the beginning/end of
Into系列
Transform....into...转换为
Move ...into搬到
of系列
rid摆脱/cure治愈/warn警告/accuse控告/convince说服/inform告知/dream梦想of
- 常考的介词短语
(一)“动词+介词”型
add to增加 | account for解释,说明 | adjust to调整 |
agree with同意 | ask for请求 | break into破门而入 |
believe in相信 | care for喜欢;关心 | care about在乎;关心 |
come from来自 | come across偶然碰到 | deal with处理;对付 |
feel like想要 | fall behind落在.....后面 | get over克服 |
go about着手做,从事 | laugh at嘲笑 | listen to听 |
look after照顾 | look into调查 | look for寻找 |
rely on依靠 | run into撞到;偶然遇上 | stand for代表 |
stick to坚持 | wait for等候 | get into养成(习惯) |
(二)“动词+副词”型
break out爆发 | break up打碎;分解 | come out出来;(花)开 |
come in进来 | die away渐渐消失 | die off一个个死去 |
drop out中途放弃 | tear down拆毁;拆除 | find out发现 |
get along进展 | get back回来 | get up起床;站起来 |
give in屈服 | go on继续 | grow up长大 |
hold on坚持;等一会儿 | hurry up赶快 | look ahead向前看 |
look out留神 | look over检查 | look up向上看;查阅 |
pass away去世 | pick out挑出 | put down镇压 |
put forward提出 | run away逃跑 | start off出发 |
stay up熬夜 | watch out当心 | wake up醒来 |
(三)“动词+副词+介词”型
add up to合计 | break away from脱离 | be fed up with厌倦 |
catch up with赶上 | come up with提出 | date back to追溯到 |
get away from逃离 | get along with进展 | get away with逃脱计划 |
get down to开始认真做 | get through to与......通话 | go in for从事 |
go on with继续 | hold on to保持,抓住 | keep away from远离 |
keep on with继续做 | keep up with与......保持同步 | live up to不辜负 |
look down upon/on蔑视 | look forward to期盼 | look out for警惕 |
look up to尊敬 | make up for弥补 | settle down to开始做某事 |
run out of用光 | put up with容忍 | do away with废除 |
(四)“动词+名词+介词”型
find fault with挑......毛病 | get rid of摆脱 | give rise to引起 |
lay emphasis on强调 | lose sight of看不见 | make a fool of嘲弄 |
lay foundation for为......打基础 | make contributions to对.....作出贡献 | make friends with与.....交朋友 |
make fun of取笑 | make peace with讲和 | make sense of弄清楚 |
make progress in在......取得进步 | make room for为......腾出空间 | make preparation for为......做准备 |
make way for让路给 | make use of利用 | pay attention to注意 |
put an end to结束 | set foot in涉足 | take account of考虑 |
take advantage of利用 | take care of照顾 | take charge of负责,看管 |
take hold of握住 | take command of开始控制 | take part in参加 |
take delight of乐于 | take notice of注意到 | take pride in以......为豪 |
(五)“动词+形容词+介词”型
be angry with因......生气 | be busy with忙于...... | be harmful to对......有害 |
be famous for因......著名 | be friendly to对......友好 | be good at擅长...... |
be good/bad for对......有益、害 | be different from与......不同 | be interested in对......感兴趣 |
(六)“动词+反身代词+介词”
adjust oneself to 使调整适应 | adapt oneself to使自己适应于 | accustom oneself to 使习惯于 |
help oneself to自取;自用(某物) | dress oneself in 穿( 衣服 ) | express oneself in 用....表达思想 |
find oneself in 发现自己处于 | devote oneself to 致力( 专心 ) 于 | congratulate oneself on 庆幸自己 |
addict oneself to 沉溺于 | abandon oneself to 沉溺于; 陷入 | lose oneself in 埋头于;专心于 |
make oneself at home 随便, 不拘束 | throw oneself into 积极投身于 | treat oneself to 舍得(吃;穿;喝等) |