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    高考英语七选五阅读解题专题技能

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    这是一份高考英语七选五阅读解题专题技能,共7页。试卷主要包含了标题型 —— 短小精悍, 首句型, ___________等内容,欢迎下载使用。
    一)题型解读:
    试题模式:给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章,对应有七个选项,要求同学们根据文章结构、内容,选出正确的句子,填入相应的空白处。
    考查重点:主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。(考试说明)
    选项特点:主旨概括句(文章整体内容)
    过渡性句子(文章结构)
    注释性句子(上下文逻辑意义)
    根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略
    1)如果问题在段首
    通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找同义词或其他相关的词,推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句,了解大意知主题
    2)如果空格出现在段中,这时要根据空格前后的句子意思、备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案
    3)如果问题在段尾
    通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词,如therefre, as a result, thus, hence, in shrt, t sum up, t cnclude, in a wrd等词语,选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
    七选五阅读理解题的解题技巧:
    速读全文,关注每段首尾句,了解大意知主题
    ◆浏览选项,理解全篇逻辑关系,找出关键词
    ◆运用上下文所重复的关键词推断
    ◆利用同义词和近义词关系
    ◆利用词的上下义关系
    ◆利用反义词、过渡词关系
    ◆理清结构,确定答案,最后再来顺一遍
    篇章结构类
    根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略
    1)如果问题在段首
    通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找同义词或其他相关的词,推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句,了解大意知主题
    2)如果问题在段尾
    通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词,如therefre, as a result, thus, hence, in shrt, t sum up, t cnclude, in a wrd等词语,选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
    主旨概括句(文章整体内容)
    1.标题型 —— 短小精悍 (多为名词性短语、祈使句)
    2. 首句型
    1) 首段首句文章主题,首尾呼应
    2) 中间段首句 总结下文—— 本段主题
    靠上下文承接做题
    3)末段首句 文章主题,首尾呼应
    Ex.10 _____ Every day ,when she cmes back hme frm wrk, she sets abut ding husewrk, sweeping the living rm and bedrms r cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in rder. She seems t be busy all the time. … Mther never buys expensive dresses fr herself, but she ften buys sme inexpensive but high quality clthes fr us.
    A. she enjys listening t class music.
    B. She never ges t expensive restaurants t enjy meals.
    C. My mther is hard—wrking and never wastes mney.
    D. As a mther she takes gd care f us and gives us every cmfrt.
    实战演习
    Part II
    Passage 1
    __________________
    Universities in Britain are a magnet fr verseas students. There are currently ver 200 000 frm utside Britain studying at British universities. The largest single grup is Chinese students. There are currently 50 000 in the UK.
    Universities in the UK
    It is very simple t becme an internatinal student in the UK
    Schlarships in Universities
    Passage 2
    ___________When a persn des a certain thing again, he is impelled(迫使) by sme unseen frce t d the same thing repeatedly; thus a habit is frmed. Once a habit is frmed, it is difficult, and smetimes impssible, t get rid f .
    It is very imprtant fr us t knw why we shuld get used t gd habits.
    Habits, whether gd r bad, are gradually frmed.
    Whether gd r nt habits are , they are easy t get rid f .
    Passage 3
    Nwadays in China, parents care abut their children’s educatin mre than anything else. They spend a lt caching(训练) their children in their studies. Sme even hire teachers fr their children. Many have their children sent t after-class schls.____.
    It seems as if a better educatin is all that parents expect fr their children.
    Skills and knwledge means cmpetitin.
    Skills and knwledge desn’t mean all.
    Passage 4
    Nt all past predictins have been prved wrng. ______ Sme great thinkers predicted the arrival f the credit card, the fax machine and even the internet ----years befre they happened.
    Predictins f the Future
    A few f them have been surprisingly accurate.
    C. It hasn’t appear yet.
    Passage 5
    Learning anther language isn’t easy, ……
    _____
    Language learning is cumulative(积累): yu cannt put it ff until weekend.
    Distribute yur study time
    Study a different task each time: vcabulary nw , grammar next.etc.
    A. Study every day .
    B. If yu’re asked t listen, practice listening.
    C. S yu’ll at least have lked at it all.
    1. ___________
    Tday, there are hundreds f different types f rck music, and almst every cuntry has its wn frm f rck music. There is “heavy metal” which is very lud with hard rhythms, “rap” that develped n the streets f New Yrk, “disc”, a type f sft rck music fr dancing... and many mre.
    2. ___________
    Rck and rll came frm jazz and blues during the 1950s. One f the first very famus rck and rll singers was Elvis Presley. Nw, almst every cuntry has many rck and rll bands and singers. Sme perfrmers call their music by different names, like rap r punk.
    3. ___________
    The music that mst peple like t sing and play tday is called ppular music. This includes the sngs that yu hear n the radi, in mvies, and n TV. Sme f the mst ppular kinds f music nw are rck and rll and the cuntry western music.
    4. ___________
    Cuntry music knwn as cuntry western music has a lng histry. It cmes frm the flk sngs f immigrants(移民) frm Britain. Cuntry music uses simple music and wrds t express everyday feelings such as lneliness, lve and sadness.
    5. ___________
    Cuntry music became ppular first amng cwbys in the American western cuntryside. Cwbys used t sing peaceful and beautiful sngs t calm animals and get ver their wn fear. In recent years, many musicians have made cuntry western music a little different frm the music in the past. These changes make the sngs sund even better.
    Chse the right tpic fr each paragraph accrding t the passage. One f them is nt useful.
    A. Rck and rll
    B. What tday’s rck music is like
    C. What ppular music is
    D. The changes f cuntry music
    E. Traditinal flk music
    F. What cuntry music is
    细节类型
    1)词汇复现法
    复现,是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段,即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系,主要是指同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。
    双保险:上下文再核实一下
    Part I
    Passage 2
    __________The image includes the way yu lk, the way yu act, the way yu talk and the way yu think. Interestingly, ur self-images are ften quite different frm the images thers hld abut us.
    Always lve yurself.
    Self-image is yur wn mind’s picture f yurself.
    Dn’t allw dubts t ccur in it .
    Ex1 …By 2020,Dr. David Davis believes ,car technlgy will give mtrists a clear view f the rad, whatever the weather cnditins, by prjecting an image f the rad ahead n t the car’s windscreen._______ Cars will be cnnected by an electrnic tw bar(牵引杠)t the car in frnt t frm “rad—trains”.
    Every driver will use less fuel in the car he wns.
    The car will autmatically speed up, r slw dwn, t match the speed f the car in frnt.
    And it will nt be wned by ne individual.
    And by 2030,cars will travel in line, linked t each ther electrnically.
    2)词汇同现法
    词汇同现是指属于同一词汇或者跟此词汇相关同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现,达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词,从而达到快而准。一般来说,上下文中词汇联系越接近,上下文的衔接关系越紧密(如:
    Surrund yurself with happy peple. It is easy t begin t think negatively when yu are surrunded by peple wh think that way. ________
    A. There are sme tips in life that lead t happiness.
    B. Being verweight r nt eating nutritius fds can have a negative effect n yur md.
    C. On the cntrary, if yu are arund peple wh are happy, their emtinal state will be infectius.
    Ex2….half f shppers refused t queue fr mre than five minutes in a high street shp.
    The Internet, which allws shppers t buy mre gds, with just a click f the muse, is ne f the reasn why peple’s patience appears t be thin._________
    A. It was typical in the past.
    B. But it wuld seem we are n lnger prepared t wait in line.
    C. Mre peple prefer t click the muse fr shpping at hme
    D. As a result, fd and drink sellers are. having t find new ways t deliver gd custmer service.
    Ex3…On the ther hand ,the advantages f ging verseas may include day-t- day pprtunities t learn a new culture, meet new friends with whm yu can use and practice the language, and chances t see different parts f the wrld. ______Thse disadvantages include expense, time away frm ne’s schl, family,…
    The fllwing are its advantages.
    Hwever, there may be a number f disadvantages.
    Cnsider a distance educatin.
    Mst f us are adapted t studying at schl.
    3)代词线索
    英语表达中代词出现的频率极高,代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念,巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。
    Imprved thinking abilities will help them t understand mre bth in academic sense and in as an individual. Always lve yurself.
    Thinking is a skill.
    Creative thinking techniques can develp children’s mind.
    Thinking is a tl, and it is smething that can be sharpened.
    _________ They give mre backgrund and details. They als let yu read parts that are imprtant t yu and skip the rest.
    Bth televisin and the Internet have many disadvantages.
    Other high-tech timesavers have similar disadvantages.
    Newspapers and magazines have sme imprtant advantages.
    Ex4._________It is a very happy day fr many bys and girls. Befre the terms ends in sme schls, the children act a nativity(基督诞生)r “birth” play, shwing hw Jesus was brn in a stable(马厩)。
    A. Peple are ften busy ging shpping
    B. Nw the Chinese peple als celebrate Christmas.
    C. The turkey r chicken is quickly eaten.
    D. Christmas Day falls n the twenty—fifty f December.
    Ex5. That happens in the 1980s. And, mst recently, she says many kinds f peple have jined the mvement. ________They represent many races, regins and plitical beliefs.
    They are mainly rich peple
    Parents chse hme—schling fr several reasns.
    Mst ften, their parents are their teachers.
    She says these include rich peple and pr peple.
    4)数字线索
    包括具体数字以及和数字相关的词汇诸如rati, rate等等。作者列出数字,除了和其他数字进行对比和比较之外,还可以用数据来说明一个观点。
    Ex.6 As in China, the weather is different frm area t area.___1____ The temperatures can fall t –60℃ ,which is 60℃ belw freezing. In the capital, Ottawa , the average f winter temperature is --10℃,and in summer 21 ℃.___2____ The average January temperature is 3 ℃,and in July it is 18 ℃
    Canada is famus fr the kind f paper which is used fr newspapers
    Canada is the secnd largest cuntry in the wrld .
    The west cast f Canada is the warmest place in winter
    In the Nrth, the winters are lng and hard with snw fr six mnths.
    Fr tw centuries English and French settlers struggled against each ther.
    Sixty years ag, peple asked abut yur astrlgical sign. ________ These days, having a web address is almst as imprtant as a street address.
    Start simply.
    Nwadays, they want t knw yur website.
    At the tp f the page is a banner Graphic.
    5)逻辑关系线索
    (a)并列与递进关系: and, r, als,neither…nr…,either…r…,likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is t say ,as well as, the same …as, besides, additinally, furthermre, mrever, in additin t ,what is mre
    (b)因果关系:because, fr, since, as, thus, hence, therefre, s, s…that, cnsequently, accrdingly, due t, thanks t, as a result ,because f ,in that, fr this reasn, f curse
    (c)转折让步关系:but, hwever, yet, n the cntrary, by cntrast, n the ther hand, unfrtunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than ,instead f, it is true that, f curse, althugh, thugh, even thugh, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite f
    (d)时间关系:afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, t start with,in the mean time, last, later, next, secnd, secndly, then, third, thirdly, t begin with以及一些具体的时间。
    Ex.7…_________ Sme chse it because f their religius beliefs. Others say it prvides mre time fr the family t be tgether. They say hme ffers a better place fr learning. Sme parents….
    A. S a number f parents began hme-schling
    B. Hme –schling is nt accepted by all the peple
    C. Parents chse hme –schling fr several reasns
    D. Mst ften, their parents are their teachers
    culd be watching TV r listening t music. Ding sme exercises earlier in the day shuld help yu feel physically as well as mentally tired ._______Hwever,
    cffee r tea shuld be avided as they cntain caffeine and will keep yu awake….
    A. S, what’s a gd sleep?
    B. A bedtime drink can als help
    C. Having a gd sleep will keep yu lively the whle day.
    Ex.9 Taking gd ntes is a time saving skill that will help yu t becme a better student in several ways.__________ Secnd, yur ntes are excellent materials t refer t when yu are studying fr a test. Third, nte-taking ffers….(2008 宁夏.海南卷)
    Use wrds, nt cmplete sentences.
    Yu must write yur ntes n separate paper.
    First, the simple act f writing smething dwn makes it easier fr yu t understand and remember.
    There are three practical nte-taking methds.
    Part I Passage 6
    Psychlgists think there may be many reasns why vilent games are mre harmful t children than vilent mvies. Firstly, players are actively invlved in vilence, and may begin t use weapns as secnd nature._________
    A. Children are mst likely t becme addicted t vilent videgames.
    B. At least 12 murders since 1997 have been linked t an addictin with vilent vide games.
    C. Secndly, vilent games prvide repetitive aggressive experiences that are rewarded by mre killing.
    Passage 7
    _______Hwever, the real mvie capital is Mumbai, in India. Mumbai used t be knwn as Bmbay, and s the film industry there is called “Bllywd”
    A. Smetimes they even write the script by hand .
    B. Mst peple think that the capital f the mvie wrld is Hllywd, in the United States.
    C. They may even sht scenes fr several films n the same day using the same clthes.
    Passage 8
    It seems urgent, that cmmunicatins in transprt shuld be imprved. ____ All ver cities, it seems that peple are t tired and t rushed t be plite.
    A. Cmmunicatin between human beings shuld als be kept smth and plite.
    B. Yet this is all t ften seen.
    C. The public shuld bey the rules.
    Key wrds
    动词
    序数词
    序数词
    连词
    代词
    副词als
    时间

    structures
    标题:大写,较短,结合全文
    段首:根括文段
    段尾:总结,承上启下
    段中:承上启下
    小标题
    短小精悍 (多为名词性短语、祈使句)

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