【中考真题】2018年中考英语真题 湖南湖南省长沙市市参考答案解析

2018年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷

英语

注意事项：

1、  答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名，准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、教室和座位号；

2、  必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；

3、  答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；

4、  请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整，笔记清晰，卡面清洁；

5、  答题卡上不能使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；

6、  本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。

试卷分为四个部分，共8页，75小题，时量120分钟，满分120分。

Ⅰ．听力技能（两部分，共20小题，计20分）

第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。（共5小题，计5分）

1．Whogavethewatchtotheboy？

A．Hisfather．B．Hissister．C．Hisbrother．

2．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout？

A．TheSpringFestival．

B．TheDragonBoatFestival．

C．TheMid-AutumnFestival．

3．What'sthematterwithCindy？

A．Shehasafever．B．Shehasaheadache．C．Shehasatoothache．

4．Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo？

A．Tothezoo．B．Tothepark．C．Totheairport．

5．WhichofthefollowingdoesTinalikebest？

A．Gameshows．B．Talkshows．C．Talentshows．

第二节听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2-3个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。（共15小题，计15分）

听第六段对话，回答第6、7小题。

6．WhatdoesEricwanttobe？

A．Ateacher．B．Adoctor．C．Anartist．

7．Wheredoesthegirl'sfatherwork？

A．Inahospital．B．Inahighschool．C．Inacollege．

听第七段对话，回答第8、9小题。

8．What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenCathyandPatrick？

A．Strangers．B．Classmates．C．Workmates．

9．HowdoesCathypracticeherspokenEnglish？

A．Bysingingsongs．B．Bywatchingmovies．C．Bytakingafter-schoolclasses．

听第八段对话，回答第10、11小题。

10．Wheredidthewomanfindhermobilephone？

A．Inthebag．B．Underthebook．C．Onthetable．

11．Howmuchisthemobilephone？

A．1，000yuan．B．1，500yuan．C．2，000yuan．

听第九段对话，回答第12至14小题。

12．Whatdayisittoday？

A．Monday．B．Thursday．C．Saturday．

13．Howoftendothecousinsgettogether？

A．Onceaweek．B．Onceamonth．C．Onceayear．

14．HowmanyCokeswillPeterbuy？

A．Seven．B．Nine．C．Eleven．

听第十段对话，回答第15至17小题。

15．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodofirst？

A．Towatchamovie．B．Tovisitthemuseum．C．Tohaveadrink．

16．Whereisthecoffeeshop？

A．Nexttothecinema．B．Infrontofthemuseum．C．Acrossfromthebank．

17．Howwillthespeakersgotothemuseum？

A．Onfoot．B．Bybus．C．Bybike．

听下面一段独白，回答第18至20小题。

18．WhyisStevegoingtoBeijing？

A．Becausehisauntisterriblyill．

B．Becausehisauntwillgetmarried．

C．Becausehisauntjusthadhersecondbaby．

19．WhatwillStevedoinDalian？

A．Goshopping．B．Gofishing．C．Goswimming．

20．WhenwillStevearriveinChangsha？

A．Onthe18th．B．Onthe19th．C．Onthe20th．

Ⅱ．知识运用（两部分，共20小题，计20分）

第一节语法填空从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。（共10小题，每题1分，计10分）

21．-Theweatherreportsaysit'sgoingtohaveashowerthisafternoon．

-Itdoes？We'dbetter____now，justincase．（　　）

A．toleaveB．leavingC．leave

22．-IsthemanoverthereAdam？

-It____behim．HehasgonetoHongKongonvacation．（　　）

A．mustB．can'tC．mustn't

23.-Dothetwinslookthesame？

-No．Janeis____tallerthanClaire．（　　）

A．littleB．moreC．alittle

24.-HowmanyapplescanIhave？

-Youcanhavetwo．___areforJim．（　　）

A．TheothersB．OthersC．Theother

25.Youmustn'tdriveacarontheroad____yougetadriver'slicense．（　　）

A．unlessB．ifC．since

26．-Mom，Iboughtustwoticketstothe2018WorldCupinRussia．

-Really？_____pleasantsurprise!（　　）

A．HowB．WhatC．Whata

27．BritishphysicistStephenHawking，who____asthe"smartestmanalive"，passedawayinEnglandonMarch14，2018．（　　）

A．praisedB．waspraisedC．willbepraised 

28.Aslongasthewholeofoursociety_____trying，wewillmakeourskiesblueagain．（　　）

A．keepsB．willkeepC．kept

29.Kids，Ihopeyou'llrememberthegoodolddays____wespenttogetherinjuniorhighthoughit'stimetosaygoodbye．（　　）

A．whoB．whatC．which

30.-Doesanybodywanttoshare____onFather'sDay？

-Guesswhat？I'llwriteapoemformydad．（　　）

A．whenwillyoushopB．whatyouwilldoC．whereyouwillgo 

第二节词语填空通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案（共10小题，共10分）

WhenIwasfifteenyearsold，Ibecameveryinterestedinshopping．Afterawhilebeingjusta

buyer，Iwantedto31something．IhadmanythingsthatInolongerneededathome．IknewwiththehelpofmyfatherIcouldmakemoney．SoformonthsandmonthsI32myselfbysellingthingsonmydad'sbankaccount（账户）．

OnJuly18th，2015，Imademyownaccountandbegantostartmyown33．ThingsweregoinggreatandthenIrealizedthatsellingthingsaroundthehousewasn't34forme，soIdecidedtoexpand（拓展）mybusinessbyrunningare-saleshop．Iwentaroundtotheyardsalesandboughtthingsatlowpricesandsoldthemat35pricestomakemoney．

LastOctober．Iwenttoayardsalethatwasalittlebitdifferent．Aladyhadmanynicethings

tosell．Iwentuptoherandhada36withher．Throughthecommunication，Iknewshewasjoblessatthatmomentandneededmoneytofeedherfamily．IthoughtIcoulddoitbetterandmorequicklyforher．SoImadeadecisiontohelpherout．Shelookedatmeforawhileandthensaid37．AfterthatItookawaysomeofherthingsandoverthenextmonthImade￥1，500forher!WhenIgaveherthemoney，shebrokedownintotears（眼泪）38．

Ihaveneverfeltso39tohelpsomeoneinmylife．Iknowmyskillscouldbeusedtohelpthoseinneedandthatevenonesmallactofkindnesscould40．

31．A．buyB．sellC．produce

32．A．annoyedB．enjoyedC．punished

33．A．businessB．holidayC．education

34．A．familiarB．helpfulC．enough

35．A．higherB．lowerC．half

36．A．competitionB．fightC．conversation

37．A．noB．yesC．sorry

38．A．peacefullyB．regretfullyC．thankfully

39．A．worriedB．stressedC．pleased

40．A．makeadifferenceB．makeamessC．makeamistake

Ⅲ．阅读技能（四部分，共24小题，计48分）

第一节图表理解阅读下面的图表，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共5小题，计10分）

A

41．TheticketpriceincludesthefollowingEXCEPT．

A．drinksB．snacksC．freeWi-Fi

42．Fromtheposter（海报）above，wecanknowthat．

A．theeventendsat10p．m．

B．theeventisjustforthebestplayers

C．theticketonlineischeaperthanthatatthedoor

B

43．Accordingtothechart（图表），howoldisJonathanthisyear？

A．17．B．27．C．37．

44．WheredidJonathanreceivehishighschooleducation？

A．InLondon．B．InNewYork．C．InSydney．

45．Thecharttellsusthat．

A．Jonathanhasn'tgotanyworkexperience

B．Jonathanknowstwolanguagesandloveslife

C．JonathancanbecontactedthroughWeChatmessages

第二节短文理解阅读下面的短文，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共10小题，计20分）

A

Afterwandering（闲逛）aroundinthecityforalongtime，Tomfinallyfoundhimselfstandinginfrontofthepalace．Helookedthroughitsgoldengate，hopingtotakealookatarealprince（王子）．

Thereweresomeguards（卫兵）standingatbothsidesofthegateTom，dressedbadly，wasmovingnervouslypastthemwhenhesuddenlycaughtsightofawell-dressedboywhowasfollowedbyseveralservants．Hewasnodoubttheprince！

Tomwasexcited．Hewantedtogetclosetotheprinceandhaveagoodlookathim．However，aguardsawhimandstoppedhimrudely（粗鲁地）．

Theyoungprince，whosenamewasEdward，wasangrywiththeguardforhisrudeness．HeaskedtheguardtoopenthegateandtookTomtohisroominthepalace．

Thetwoboysbecamegoodfriends．TheyevenexchangedtheirclothesafterTomtoldEdwardthathehaddreamtaboutdressinglikeaprince，Astheystoodsidebysideinfrontofagreatmirror，theyweresurprisedtofindthattheylookedalmostliketwins!

Thetwoboyswereineachother'sclotheswhenEdwardsuddenlynoticedabruise（淤伤）onTom'shand．HesoonrealizedthatitwascausedbytheguardwhohadstoppedTomrudely．Inamoment，theyoungprinceranoutoftheroom．Hedecidedtopunishtheguard．

However，theguarddidn'trealizethattheprincewasinTom'soldwornclothes．HehitEdwardheavilyontheearandthrewhimoutofthepalace．

46．WhydidTomlookthroughthegateofthepalace？

A．Totalkwiththeguard．B．Toaskforaplacetolivein．C．Tohavealookatarealprince．

47．HowdidTomfeelwhilemovingpasttheguards？

A．Nervous．B．Excited．C．Proud．

48．WhenTomwasstopped，Edwardgotmadbecauseof．

A．thebadmannersofTomB．thestrictrulesofthepalaceC．therudebehavioroftheguard

49．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？

A．EdwardandTomweretwinbrothers．

B．Edwardwaskind，caringandfriendly．

C．Edwardwastiredoflivinginthepalace．

50.Wecaninfer（推断）fromthepassagethat．

A．bloodisthickerthanwaterB．twoheadsarebetterthanoneC．neverjudgepeoplebytheirlooks

B

Elephantsarethelargestlandanimalsalivetoday．Africanelephantsliveinfamilygroupscalledherds（群）．Alloftheelephantsintheherdtakecareofeachother．Theleaderoftheherdisanoldmotherelephant．Sheisthematriarch（族长）．Aherdmayhaveasfewaseightorasmanyas100elephants．Theotherelephantsfollowthematriarchbecausesheknowshowtokeepthemsafefromcomingdanger．

Elephantslearnbywatchingandcopyingotherelephants，andalsolearnfromlife．Babyelephantsstaywiththeirmothersuntiltheyarefullygrownatabouttenyearsold．Elephantslivetobe50or60yearsold．Elephantsaresmartanimalswithlongmemories．Inthedryseason，amatriarchcanrememberwherewaterwasfoundinthepast．Theherdwillfollowherthere．Shecanalsorememberthesafestplaceforbabyelephantstocrossafast-movingriver．

Elephantstalktoeachotherwithrumblingsounds．Somerumblingsoundsaresolowanddeepthatpeopleareunabletohearthem．Elephantshearsoundsnotonlywiththeirears，butalsowiththeirfeet，andeventrunks（longnosesoftheelephants）．Theyalsogreeteachotherbytouchingwiththeirtrunksandfeet．Ifdangerappears，mothersbeattheirearstocalltheirbabiestothem．

Otheranimalsdon'tusuallyattack（攻击）elephants．However，alionmighttrytoattackasickelephantorababy．Ifthishappens，theadultelephantscirclearoundthebabyelephants．Theadultsmakeloudersoundsandhitthegroundwiththeirtrunks．Thematriarchputsherselfbetweenthelionandtheherd．Shebeatsherearsouttomakeherselflookevenlarger．Thenshelowersherherdandattackstheenemy（敌人）inabigcloudofdust（灰尘）．

51．AccordingtoParagraph（段落）One，anelephantherd．

A．hasafatherelephantastheleader

B．ownsamatriarchwhokeepsitawayfromdanger

C．alwayshasseveralleadersandhundredsofelephants

52．Longmemorieshelpelephantsto．

A．choosetheirmatriarchB．communicatewitheachotherC．findwaterandcrosstheriver

53．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"rumbling"mean？

A．低沉的B．尖细的C．高亢的

54．Whydotheadultelephantscirclearoundtheirbabies？

A．Tokeeptheirbabiessafe．B．Towelcometheirfriends．C．Toattacktheirenemies．

55．Thepassagemainlytellsusabout．

A．whytheelephantsliveinherds

B．whattheelephants'livinghabitsare

C．howtheelephantsavoidbeingattacked

第三节语篇补全阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。选项中有一项为多余选项。（共4小题，计8分）

Agoodmemoryisoftenseenassomethingthatcomesnaturally，whileabadmemoryassomethingthatcannotbechanged．Infact，thereisalotthatyoucandotoimproveyourmemory．Herearesometips（贴士）foryou．

◆56．

Weallrememberthethingsweareinterestedin，andalwaysforgettheonesthatboreus．Thisexplainsthereasonwhyschoolboysrememberfootballresultseasilybutstruggle（挣扎）withdatesfromtheirhistorylessons!Developanactiveinterestinwhatyouwanttoremember．Onewaytomakeyourselfmoreinterestedistoaskquestions-themore，thebetter!

◆Repeatthingsinchunks（块）．

Repeatingthingsinchunksisthebestwaytorememberthingsforashorttime，forexample，rememberingaphonenumberforafewseconds．57．Thefollowingnumberswouldbeimpossibleformostofustoremember：．Butlookatthemin"groups"or"chunks"repeatedly，anditbecomesmucheasier：．

◆Inventastory．

Torememberlonglists，tryinventingastorywhichincludesallthethingsyouwanttoremember．Inexperiments，peoplewereaskedtorememberupto120wordsusingthisway．Whentheyweretestedlater，theycouldrememberabout90%ofthem．58．

◆Takephysicalexercise．

Physicalexerciseisimportantforyourmemory，becauseitincreasesyourheartrate（心率）andsendsmoreoxygen（氧气）toyourbrain，andthatmakesyourmemoryworkbetter．59．Asweknow，toomuchpressureisverybadforthememory．

第四节阅读表达阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题（共5小题，计10分）

InHebei，thereisasmallvillagecalledYeli．Throughthevillage，youcanseegreentreesalongtheriverbank．However，youcanhardlyimaginethat，about16yearsago，thisareawascoveredwithrocksandweeds（杂草）．Thebigchangeisallbecauseofyearsofhardworkbytwobestfriends：JiaHaixia，whoisblind，andJiaWenqi，whohasnoarms．

Thetwofriendsdecidedtoplanttreestomakealivingbackin2002．Althoughbotharedisabled，theylearnedtoworktogetherbybecomingeachother'seyesandhands．Withlittlemoneytobuyyoungtrees，theyhadtocollectandplantcuttings（插枝，插条）．Everymorning，theywenttotheriverbanktogether．JiaWenqiwalkedinthefrontandJiaHaixiafollowedhimbyholdingoneofhisfriendsemptysleeves（衣袖）．Aftertheyarrivedattheriverbank，JiaHaixiawouldclimbonhisfriend'sshoulderstogetcuttingsandJiaWenqiwouldtellhimwhichcuttingswerethebest．Afterthat，theydugholesonthegroundandwateredthecuttingstogether．

Theyplanted800treesinthefirstyear，butonlytwosurvived（存活）．Theydidn'tgiveup．Instead，theycontinuedtoplantmoreinthenextfewyears．Theriverbankisnowhometoovertenthousandtrees．

Today，thetwofriendsnolongerneedtomakealivingbyplantingtrees，buttheyhavenoplanstostop．Theyaimtoplantasmanytreesaspossibleintheareasoastoprotectthevillagefromflooding（洪水）andtoimprovethelocalenvironment．

60．Wheredidthestorytakeplace？

61．Couldpeopleseemanygreentreesthere16yearsago？

62．Howdidthesetwodisabledmenworktogether？（Nomorethan12words）

63．Howmanytreesaretherealongtheriverbanknowadays？

64．What'sthepurposeoftheirplantingtreesnow？

Ⅳ．写作技能（三部分，共11小题，共32分）

第三节语篇翻译阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。（共5小题，计10分）

Peoplehavebeentryingtofindoutifhomeworkisgoodorbadforschoolchildren，andtheyhavedifferentopinions．

65．Somepeoplethinkthathomeworkisanimportantpartoflearningforstudents．Theybelieveitnotonlyenableschildrentopracticewhattheyhavelearnedinclass，butalsohelpsimprovetheirhandwriting．Theyalsosaythathomeworkhelpsteachchildrenhowtoworkontheirown．66．Also，it'saskillwhichisusefultotheminfuturelife．

Othersdisagree，though．67．他们认为家庭作业给孩子们太多的压力．Andthetimespentonhomeworkcouldhavebeenusedtodootheractivitieslikereadingandplayingsports．Tobackuptheiropinion，theygivetheexampleofFinland（芬兰）．68．在芬兰，学生几乎没什么作业．Butthecountryremainsoneofthemosteducationallysuccessfulcountriesintheworld．

Hereismypointofview（观点）onthismatter．69．Whetherthehomeworkisgoodorbaddependsonthepurposeofit．Ifthereisnoclearreasonforgivinghomework，thestudentswon'tgetanythingfromdoingit，soitshouldnotbeset．However，Istillbelievethathomeworkcanreallyhelpwithchildren'slearning，ifteachersclearlytellthemwhytheyshoulddothehomeworkandletthemknowhowtheyhavedoneintheirhomework．

65．

66．

67．

68．

69．

第二节情景交际通读下面的对话，根据上下文补全对话内容（共5小题，计10分）

A：Hey，Emily，how'sitgoing？

B：70．Youknowwhat？I'vemadesomeprogressinEnglish，andIgotan"A"inthelastexam．

A：Wow，goodforyou!Youreffortsfinallypaidoff．71？

B：Well，Ijustlistenedtotheteachercarefullyinclass．Besides，readingEnglishnewspapersand

novelshelpedmealot．

A：Nowondergrammarisjustapieceofcakeforyounow．

B：Anyhow，Istillhavealongwaytogo．Bytheway．Icalledyouatnineo'clocklastnight，but

youdidn'tanswer．72？

A：Oh，terriblysorry．IwaswatchingthemovieAmazingChina．73？

B：Yes，Ihave．AmazingChinareallyshowsushowamazingChinais!AlltheChinesepeopleareproudofourcountry．

A：Icantagreemore．I'dliketowatchmoremovieslikethatafterthebigexaminJune．Butnow

Ihavetogoalloutfortheexam．

B：Youareright．Studycomesfirst．Goodluck，myfriend．

A：74．Thesametoyou!

第三节书面表达（计12分）

75．假如你是李华，于4月13日星期五这一天参加了学校组织的郊游活动．请你以schooltrip为主题，写一则英文日记，内容包括参加活动的人员、集合时间、郊游地点、交通方式、活动内容以及个人感受等．

要求：（1）80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；

（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

（3）日记中不得出现真实的人名和校名．

Friday，April13th

Itwassunnytoday．Wewentonaschooltrip．

2018年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷

参考答案

Ⅰ.听力技能

1-5CBBCA^6-10CABBB11-15ACBAC

16-20CACAB

II.知识运用

第一节      语法填空

21-25CBCAA26-30CBACB

第二节      词语填空

31-35BBACA36-40CBCCA

III.阅读技能

第一节图表理解

41-45             ACACB

第二节短文理解

46-50CACBC51-55BCAAB

56-59AECB

第三节      阅读表达

60.InYeli,Hebei.

61.No

62.Theyworkedtogetherbybecomingeachother’seyesandhands.

63.Overtenthousand.

64.Toprotectthevillagefromfloodingandtoimprovethelocalenvironment.

IV.写作技能

第一节      语篇翻译

65.一些人认为家庭作业是学生学习的一个重要部分。

66.而且，这是一种对他们未来生活有用的技能。

67.Theythinkhomeworkputstoomuchstressonchildren.

68.InFinland,studentshavelittlehomework.

69.家庭作业的好坏取决于其目的。

第二节      情景交际

70.Prettygood.

71.Howdidyoumakesuchprogress?

72.Whatwereyoudoing?

73.Haveyoueverwatchedit?

74.Thankyou.

第三节书面表达略