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河南省许昌市2022届高三第一次质量检测（一模）英语试卷题 含解析
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这是一份河南省许昌市2022届高三第一次质量检测（一模）英语试卷题 含解析，共20页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
XCS2022届高三年级第一次质量检测试卷
英语
第一部分 听力
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What time is it now?
A. 0:00. B. 9:10. C. 10:00.
2. What does the man's country export to Europe?
A. Copper and coal. B. Coal and wood. C. Wood and copper.
3. What will the man probably do next?
A. Check out of his hotel. B. Take some medicine. C. See a doctor.
4. What kind of novels does the man like most?
A. Horror stories. B. Detective stories. C. Science fiction.
5. When will the man have English classes?
A. On Tuesdays. B. On Thursdays. C. On Saturdays.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What's the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Brother and sister. C. Father and daughter.
7. Why does the woman say sorry to the man?
A. She lost his computer.
B. She hasn't finished their project.
C. She took his iPad without permission.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What did the woman's father buy for her?
A. The jeans. B. The hat. C. The sunglasses.
9. Where did the woman get her belt?
A. At the stadium. B. In the hotel. C. At the theatre.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How long will the woman's cycling holiday last?
A. Fourteen days. B. Ten days. C. Eight days.
11. Which meal is not included in the trip?
A. The breakfast. B. The lunch. C. The supper.
12. What would the woman do during the trip?
A. Bring her own bike. B. Cycle in the dark. C. Visit a farm.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What nationality is Elsa?
A. Turkish. B. Mexican. C. Swiss.
14. What does Elsa like doing most?
A. Reading. B. Painting. C. Horse-riding.
15. When will Elsa travel to England?
A. In April. B. In May. C. In June.
16. What do we know about Elsa?
A. She is good at German. B. She is older than Sally. C. She has a pet dog.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What do all the members of the band have in common?
A. All do similar jobs.
B. All have musical training.
C. All play music for pleasure.
18. When did the speaker join the band?
A. Six years ago. B. Eight years ago. C. Ten years ago.
19. What does the speaker do in the band?
A. He is a guitarist. B. He is a singer. C. He is a dancer.
20. Where does the band perform most regularly?
A. On a cruise boat. B. At birthday parties. C. At weddings.
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
World's Best Places to Visit
With a world full of fascinating destinations, choosing the perfect vacation spot can present a challenge. This list of the world's best places to visit is here for you.
South Island
New Zealand's South Island fills with splendid scenery at every turn. Here, you can admire the Fiordland National Park from hiking routes or a boat on Milford Sound, the eighth wonder of the world. At night, journey to the Mount John Observatory to stare at the starry skies. You can also explore two of the most accessible glaciers in the world on the island's west coast or enjoy delicious food and wine.
Paris
Paris, the City of Light, draws visitors from around the globe who come to see impressive attractions like the Eiffel Tower and the Louvre. But what travelers really fall in love with are the city's unusual cafes, energetic markets, trendy shopping districts and unmistakable charm. Get lost wandering along Paris' streets, or eat a croissant and relax on the banks of the Seine for hours.
Bora Bora
Though this French Polynesian island may be small, its complete tropical beauty makes up for it. Here, you'll find beautiful beaches and thick jungles. The island's volcano, Mount Otemanu, makes for a great photo-op and the enthusiastic locals can help you catch the island's best sights during an off-road hike. To relax, head to Matira Beach for clear water and soft sand. Although a trip to Bora Bora is very expensive, most travelers say it's worth every penny.
1. Which spot best suits people who enjoy astronomy?
A. South Island. B. Paris. C. Bora Bora. D. Mount Otemanu.
2. What's probably the main attraction in Paris?
A. Light. B. Rivers. C. City life. D. Architecture.
3. What do South Island and Bora Bora have in common?
A. High travel costs. B. Cozy purchasing styles.
C. Friendly residents. D. Charming natural scenery.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了三个世界上最好的旅游胜地的情况。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“At night, journey to the Mount John Observatory to stare at the starry skies.(晚上，您可以前往约翰山天文台，欣赏繁星点点的天空)”可知，南岛最适合喜欢天文学的人。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“But what travelers really fall in love with are the city's unusual cafes, energetic markets, trendy shopping districts and unmistakable charm.(但真正让游客爱上的是这座城市与众不同的咖啡馆、充满活力的市场、时髦的购物区和无可置疑的魅力)”可知，巴黎最吸引人的地方可能是城市生活。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“New Zealand's South Island fills with splendid scenery at every turn. Here, you can admire the Fiordland National Park from hiking routes or a boat on Milford Sound, the eighth wonder of the world. (新西兰南岛处处都是美丽的风景。 在这里，你可以通过徒步旅行或在世界第八大奇迹米尔福德海湾乘船欣赏峡湾国家公园)”以及最后一段中“Though this French Polynesian island may be small, its complete tropical beauty makes up for it. Here, you'll find beautiful beaches and thick jungles. (虽然这个法属波利尼西亚岛可能很小，但它的热带美景弥补了这一点。 在这里，你会发现美丽的海滩和茂密的丛林)”可知，南岛和博拉博拉岛的共同之处是有迷人的自然风光。故选D。
B
TOKYO, Japan—Maki Kaji, 69, the creator of the popular numbers puzzle Sudoku whose life's work was spreading the joy of puzzles, has died of cancer.
Known as the “Godfather of Sudoku,” Kaji created the puzzle to be easy for children and others who didn't want to think too hard. Its name is made up of the Japanese characters for “number” and “single,” and players place the numbers 1 through 9 in rows, columns and blocks without repeating them.
Ridiculously, it wasn't until 2004 that Sudoku became a global hit, after a fan from New Zealand got it published in the British newspaper The Times. Two years later, Japan rediscovered its own puzzle as a “reimport.”
Kaji traveled to more than 30 countries spreading his enjoyment of puzzles. Sudoku championships have drawn some 200 million people in 100 countries over the years. Sudoku was also never trademarked (注册) except within Japan, driving its overseas craze.
Born in the main northern island of Hokkaido, Kaji started Japan's first puzzle magazine after dropping out of Keio University in Tokyo. He founded Nikoli in 1983, and came up with the name Sudoku about the same time. In recent years, Sudoku, believed to be the world's most popular pencil puzzle, has come out in digital versions.
“Our mission (使命) is to seek Kaji's wishes and possibilities,” said Yoshinao Anpuku, who succeeded Kaji as Nikoli's chief executive (执行官). Major Japanese newspaper Mainichi credited Kaji for starting the puzzle sections at bookstores, as well as introducing the word “Sudoku” into the Oxford English dictionary.
4. What does the author think is ridiculous?
A. Kaji was the Godfather of Sudoku. B. Kaji set up a puzzle magazine.
C. Sudoku first became popular overseas. D. Sudoku was spread widely and quickly.
5. What can we say about Maki Kaji?
A. He liked traveling a lot. B. He failed to enter the university.
C. He was a top player in Sudoku. D. He was committed to Sudoku spreading.
6. What can be inferred about Sudoku from the passage?
A. It's not for old people. B. It's registered abroad.
C. It was named after Kaji. D. It went all over the world.
7. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. What Kaji wishes for. B. Why Kaji was great.
C. Who is Kaji's follower. D. How Kaji achieved his goal.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。“数独之父”Maki Kaji于8月10日因癌症去世，文章介绍了他的部分生平以及数独游戏的影响力。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Ridiculously, it wasn't until 2004 that Sudoku became a global hit(离谱的是，直到2004年数独在全球范围内出了名)”并结合本段内容可知，作者感到不可思议的是，数独先是在日本以外的全球范围内火了起来，后来才在日本国内被发掘。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Kaji traveled to more than 30 countries spreading his enjoyment of puzzles.(Kaji去了30多个国家推广自己的谜题游戏)”可知，在推广数独的过程中，Kaji是亲力亲为的，与D选项“他承担了数独的推广一事”相符。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句“Sudoku championships have drawn some 200 million people in 100 countries over the years. Sudoku was also never trademarked (注册) except within Japan, driving its overseas craze.(数独锦标赛多年来吸引了100多个国家共2亿人的参与。除了日本国内数独也从未进行注册，这也驱使了其在海外的爆火)”可知，数独堪称风靡全世界，与D选项“它走遍了全世界”表达含义一致。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。总览全文，“数独之父”Maki Kaji于8月10日因癌症去世，文章介绍了他的部分生平以及数独游戏的影响力。B选项“Kaji为何伟大”恰好切合文章主要内容。故选B项。
C
For better or worse, many of us never forget those typical British school days—and with a site that now has over 32, 200 educational institutions as well as a growing number of users, you won't have to.
SchoolMates is a nice networking platform which offers a refreshing alternative to traditional social media in that the focus is on building more meaningful relationships and encouraging interaction between users. While social media sites are customarily designed to form an interactive online community, SchoolMates aims to help people find friends from their past.
“At SchoolMates, our mission is simple. We've created a platform aimed specifically to help people reconnect and keep in touch with former classmates,” explains founder and CEO Chris Goodwin. “Our site encourages people to revive those special relationships from their youth, letting them look back to the ‘good old days’ of summer holidays spent with friends, memorable school trips, as well as less memorable moments like those awful school lunches.”
SchoolMates brings together more than 32, 000 schools, colleges, academies and universities across England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales and is aimed to help users get back in touch with former classmates. Aimed at the 35 plus age group, which represents 50% of the population, the easy-to-use website enables users to recall and share conversations, jokes, stories, memories and photographs.
Chris was diagnosed with a tumour at the age of 18. He couldn't move and could only sit in a wheelchair. Determined to conquer the world of the Internet and own a successful online business since completing his studies in computer science, he did not let his disability become an excuse to give up on his dreams; he had a successful business career before going on to start up SchoolMates.
8. Why did Chris Goodwin found SchoolMates?
A. To make old classmates closer. B. To increase the number of users.
C. To help people make new friends. D. To replace traditional social media.
9. What does the underlined word “revive” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Review. B. Retell. C. Check. D. Control.
10. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A. SchoolMates' target group is age-free. B. It's easy for users to search for information.
C. SchoolMates designed to be user-friendly. D. SchoolMates has the biggest number of users.
11. Which of the following best describes Chris Goodwin?
A. Smart. B. Ambitious. C. Generous. D. Demanding.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了SchoolMates是一个很好的社交平台，它为传统社交媒体提供了一个令人耳目一新的选择，因为它的重点是建立更有意义的关系，并鼓励用户之间的互动。介绍了其创始人对于创立SchoolMates的想法和SchoolMates的特点等信息。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““At SchoolMates, our mission is simple. We've created a platform aimed specifically to help people reconnect and keep in touch with former classmates,” explains founder and CEO Chris Goodwin. “Our site encourages people to revive those special relationships from their youth, letting them look back to the ‘good old days’ of summer holidays spent with friends, memorable school trips, as well as less memorable moments like those awful school lunches.”(在SchoolMates，我们的使命很简单。我们创建了一个平台，旨在帮助人们重新建立联系，并与以前的同学保持联系，”创始人兼CEO Chris Goodwin解释道。“我们的网站鼓励人们重温年轻时的特殊关系，让他们回忆和朋友一起度过的暑假，难忘的学校旅行，以及那些不太难忘的时刻，比如糟糕的学校午餐。”)”可知，Chris Goodwin成立SchoolMates是为了让老同学更亲密。故选A。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“those special relationships from their youth, letting them look back to the ‘good old days’ of summer holidays spent with friends, memorable school trips, as well as less memorable moments like those awful school lunches”可知，SchoolMates 为了鼓励人们回顾年轻时的特殊关系，让他们回忆和朋友一起度过的暑假，难忘的学校旅行，以及那些不太难忘的时刻，比如糟糕的学校午餐。故画线词意思是“回顾”。A. Review.回顾；B. Retell.复述；C. Check.检查；D. Control.控制。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Aimed at the 35 plus age group, which represents 50% of the population, the easy-to-use website enables users to recall and share conversations, jokes, stories, memories and photographs.(这个简单易用的网站面向35岁以上的人群，这一人群占总人口的50%，用户可以回忆和分享对话、笑话、故事、回忆和照片)”可知，SchoolMates设计人性化。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Determined to conquer the world of the Internet and own a successful online business since completing his studies in computer science, he did not let his disability become an excuse to give up on his dreams; he had a successful business career before going on to start up SchoolMates.(自从完成了计算机科学的学业，他决心征服互联网的世界，并拥有一个成功的在线业务，他没有让自己的残疾成为放弃梦想的借口；在创办SchoolMates之前，他曾有过成功的商业生涯)”可推知，Chris Goodwin是个有抱负的人。故选B。
D
We've long known that crows exhibit extraordinary intelligence. These birds have inspired legends for centuries. But the more scientists know about their brain structure and behaviors, the more crows seem to resemble humans.
John Marzluff, a professor from the University of Washington, has been studying crows for decades. He's explored the exceptional size and function of crow brains, their long life and lifestyle. “Big brain, long life and sociality, those are really linked features,” Marzluff says. “You put those together, and it should sound pretty familiar.”
To top that off, just last fall other researchers determined that crows seem to exhibit a level of consciousness shown only in humans and very few of our mammal relatives. The breakthrough study published in Science showed that crows have an ability to draw on subjective experiences from the past in order to solve a task. This means the birds keep new information, or memories, in the front of their brains for extended periods, and use it in reasoning and dealing with new situations they meet.
That is, for people and crows alike, the forebrain deals with higher tasks, including reasoned decision-making, problem-solving and executive function. Taken together, these findings help explain the problem-solving and tool use in crows. The New Caledonian crow, for example, has recently gained welcome for not only tool use, but its ability to make compound tools out of various materials. These birds have been known to make hooks and sharp spears that they use to catch insects in hard-to-reach places. In research labs, they've successfully bent wire to grab baskets with food inside.
“They understand the concept of hooking and-pulling and spearing and what tools are needed to do that,” Marzluff says. These reasoning skills appear to be significantly more advanced than primitive tool use—such as using rocks to break open shells and other food—that researchers have observed in some other animals.
12. What does Marluff mean by saying “it should sound pretty familiar”?
A. He knows how to study crows. B. He was very familiar with crows.
C. The way crows live is related to humans. D. Crows have features similar to those of humans.
13. What can we infer about crows according to the passage？
A. They can draw pictures. B. They like to eat insects.
C. They use tools creatively. D. They existed for centuries.
14. What makes Marzluff think crows are more advanced than other animals?
A. Crows' special size. B. Crow's better reasoning skills.
C. Crows' longer life. D. Crows' way of raising babies.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Crows, Like No Other B. Legends of Crows
C. Crows, More Humanlike D. Evolution of Crows
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了随着科学家对乌鸦的大脑结构和行为了解得越多，发现乌鸦和人类很相似。文章详细介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“But the more scientists know about their brain structure and behaviors, the more crows seem to resemble humans.(但是，科学家对乌鸦的大脑结构和行为了解得越多，乌鸦似乎就越像人类)”以及第二段中“Big brain, long life and sociality, those are really linked features(大脑大、寿命长和社交能力强，这些确实是相互关联的特征)”可推知，“这听起来应该很熟悉”意思是乌鸦有与人类相似的特征。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“The New Caledonian crow, for example, has recently gained welcome for not only tool use, but its ability to make compound tools out of various materials. These birds have been known to make hooks and sharp spears that they use to catch insects in hard-to-reach places. In research labs, they've successfully bent wire to grab baskets with food inside.(例如，新喀里多尼亚乌鸦最近受到欢迎，不仅因为它能使用工具，还因为它能用各种材料制作复合工具。人们知道这些鸟会制造钩子和锋利的矛，用来在难以够到的地方捕捉昆虫。 在研究实验室里，他们成功地弯曲电线来抓取里面有食物的篮子)”可推知，乌鸦创造性地使用工具。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“These reasoning skills appear to be significantly more advanced than primitive tool use—such as using rocks to break open shells and other food—that researchers have observed in some other animals.(这些推理能力似乎比研究人员在其他动物身上观察到的原始工具使用——比如用石头敲开贝壳和其他食物——要高级得多)”可知，乌鸦更好的推理能力让Marzluff认为乌鸦比其他动物更高级。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“We've long known that crows exhibit extraordinary intelligence. These birds have inspired legends for centuries. But the more scientists know about their brain structure and behaviors, the more crows seem to resemble humans.(我们早就知道乌鸦表现出非凡的智慧。 几个世纪以来，这些鸟一直是传说的主角。但是，科学家对乌鸦的大脑结构和行为了解得越多，乌鸦似乎就越像人类)”结合文章主要说明了随着科学家对乌鸦的大脑结构和行为了解得越多，发现乌鸦和人类很相似。文章详细介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。可知，C选项“乌鸦更像人类”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
This summer, many areas of the US have been suffering historic droughts (干旱). Climate change has brought very high temperatures and less-than-normal rain and snow to the country.____16____. It also means hot weather, which can be hard to take.
____17____. Their civilization once thrived (繁荣) with its amazing architecture of pyramids and cities. One of the cities, Tikal, was built in what is now Guatemala. “It was quite a remarkable place, with temples towering above the top of the rainforest,” says Dunning.
Although the region is a tropical rainforest, Tikal was built in a place that got little rain for half the year. Additionally, it had no year round lakes or river—although it did have an important spring. The Maya also did not have a system to reach groundwater. ____18____.
“As Tikal grew, people there would have had to cut down parts of the surrounding rainforest to raise food.____19____ to meet their needs for wood and other resources,” Dunning says. Dunning compares it to today's practice of chopping down much larger parts of the Amazon rainforest raise cattle for beef. He calls this deed “bad for the health of local environment and the global environment, too.”
The Maya would have used cut-and-burn techniques and let the forest grow back after a few years
Although the Maya changed the environment with their farming and other practices, they had much less impact on the climate than we do now. The Maya understood that they have to have balance.____20____ You'll pay a price, or someone will.
A. If you abuse the world, it's going to come back
B. At the same time, they left enough of it in place
C. So they built tanks to collect and store rainwater
D. They would have served different, important purposes
E. That means there is less water to drink and less water for crops
F. Tikal was home to tens of thousands of people during the years 600 to 800
G. Thousands of years ago, the Maya people suffered from the same problems
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国很多地区遭受了历史性的干旱的事实，对比玛雅人对环境的合理利用进一步分析了人类对环境的破坏导致气候变暖的做法。
【16题详解】
根据前句“Climate change has brought very high temperatures and less-than-normal rain and snow to the country.”（气候变化给该国带来了非常高的温度和低于正常水平的雨雪。）可知E项“That means there is less water to drink and less water for crops”（这意味着可以饮用的水和用于农作物的水都减少了）进一步说明了干旱带来的不利影响，其中less water to drink and less water for crops与前文less-than-normal rain and snow形成呼应。符合本段语境。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据后文“Their civilization once thrived (繁荣) with its amazing architecture of pyramids and cities.”（他们的文明曾经以其惊人的金字塔和城市建筑而繁荣昌盛。）可知此处应该会提到一个伟大的民族，G项“Thousands of years ago, the Maya people suffered from the same problems”（几千年前，玛雅人也遭受了同样的问题）其中Maya people 与后文Their civilization的代词形成指代关系，符合语境。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Additionally, it had no year round lakes or river—although it did have an important spring.”（此外，它没有全年的湖泊或河流——尽管它确实有一个重要的泉水。）可知C项“So they built tanks to collect and store rainwater”（所以他们建造了水箱来收集和储存雨水）其中collect and store rainwater与前文no year round lakes or river形成呼应关系，表示因为没有储水的条件，因此需要建造水箱。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“cut down parts of the surrounding rainforest to raise food.”（砍伐周围的部分雨林来饲养食物。）以及后文“Dunning compares it to today's practice of chopping down much larger parts of the Amazon rainforest raise cattle for beef. He calls this deed bad for the health of local environment and the global environment, too.”（邓宁将其比作今天砍伐亚马逊雨林中更大的部分来养牛吃牛肉的做法。他称这种做法对当地环境和全球环境的健康不利。）可知B项“At the same time, they left enough of it in place”（同时，他们也留下了足够多的雨林）其中left enough of it in place与后文chopping down much larger parts of the Amazon rainforest raise cattle for beef当今的做法形成对比关系，表示玛雅人对环境的利用是合理的。符合本段语境。故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据后文“You'll pay a price, or someone will.”（你会付出代价，或者有人会。）可知A项“If you abuse the world, it's going to come back”（如果你不好好对待这个世界，它将会来讨的）其中it's going to come back与后文pay a price形成呼应结构。故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If not for the kindness of a stranger, Jamaican hurdler (跨栏运动员) Hansle Parchment may not be a Tokyo Olympic gold medalist today.
The 31-year-old athlete took the ____21____ bus on the day of his semifinal race.____22____ in enjoying music, he didn't realize it.
“By the time I ____23____, I realized, ‘No, this bus is not going the right way. ’I'm not familiar with these ____24____,” he said.
Running out of time quickly to ____25____ another bus to the right place is almost impossible. The hurdler explained how he met a games volunteer who paid his taxi fare to get him to his ____26____. Because of her, he made it with enough time to ____27____—and then compete in the men's 110-meter race that ____28____ him gold and his best time of the season.
Parchment was ____29____ to share the victory with the person who helped him. Parchment boards the bus that _____30_____ him to the same area — this time _____31_____—and rides back to find the stranger named Trijana Stojkovic.
He _____32_____ her, pulls out his medal and thanks her. “You were _____33_____ in me getting to the final that day,” he tells her,_____34_____ her the medal for her to see.
Parchment also shows his _____35_____ by giving Stojkovic a Jamaican Olympic polo shirt and _____36_____ the money she had given him. And the thanks didn't _____37_____ there: Jamaica's Ministry of Tourism sent an official _____38_____ to visit the island.
Stojkovic later posted a picture of herself _____39_____ the shirt on her Instagram: “This is a great _____40_____from dear Handle. Perfect!” she wrote.
21. A. regular B. wrong C. punctual D. final
22. A. Lost B. Eperienced C. Skillful D. Successful
23. A. looked up B. calmed down C. walked around D. went ahead
24. A. seats B. athletes C. citizens D. surroundings
25. A. follow B. grab C. drive D. order
26. A. bus B. island C. race D. house
27. A. cheer up B. think over C. take off D. warm up
28. A. earned B. sent C. awarded D. offered
29. A. hesitant B. satisfied C. careful D. determined
30. A. turned B. delivered C. drew D. welcomed
31. A. mistakenly B. precisely C. casually D. intentionally
32. A. approaches B. invites C. interviews D. convinces
33. A. right B. vital C. wise D. friendly
34. A. saving B. returning C. handing D. leaving
35. A. gratitude B. ambition C. regret D. concern
36. A. counting B. checking C. repaying D. bidding
37. A. cancel B. spread C. stop D. continue
38. A. notice B. invitation C. decision D. agenda
39. A. displaying B. advertising C. holding D. wearing
40. A. comfort B. help C. gift D. blessing
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了牙买加跨栏运动员汉斯·帕卡芬特（Hansle Parcaphent）去赛场比赛，却乘错了公交车。正当他焦急万分之际，遇到了一位善良的奥运志愿者，这位志愿者帮助他及时感到了赛场，最后他赢得了金牌，非常感谢这位志愿者。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位31岁的运动员在半决赛当天乘错了公共汽车。A. regular有规律的；B. wrong错误的；C. punctual准时的；D. final最终的。根据下文“No, this bus is not going the right way. ”可知，汉斯·帕卡芬特乘错了公共汽车。故选B。
22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沉浸在享受音乐中，他没有意识到这件事。A. Lost失去的；B. Experienced有经验的；C. Skillful熟练的；D. Successful成功的。根据下文“he didn't realize it. ”可知，帕卡芬特沉浸在享受音乐中。be lost in“沉湎于”，是固定短语，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：到我抬头时，我意识到：“不，这辆巴士开得方向不对。”A. looked up抬头；向上看；B. calmed down镇静下来；C. walked around四处走动；D. went ahead前进。根据上文“___2____in enjoying music, he didn't realize it”可推断，帕卡芬特低头在听音乐，直到他抬头看，才发现坐错了车。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不熟悉周围的环境。A. seats座位；B. athletes运动员；C. citizens市民；D. surroundings周围环境。根据上文“I realized, ‘No, this bus is not going the right way. ’”可知，帕卡芬特坐错了公共汽车，因此推断他不熟悉周围的环境。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：快速赶上另一辆公交车去正确的地方几乎是不可能的。A. follow跟随；B. grab抓住，敢上；C. drive开车；D. order命令。根据下文“another bus to the right place”可知，要快速赶上另一辆公交车去目的地是不可能的，grab“赶上；抓住”符合语境，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位跨栏运动员解释了他是如何遇到一个奥运会志愿者付了出租车费让他赶上他的比赛的。A. bus公共汽车；B. island岛屿；C. race赛跑；D. house房子。根据下文“he made it with enough time to ____7____—then compete in the men's 110-meter race”可推断，志愿者帮助这位运动员赶上了参加跨栏赛跑。故选C。
27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为她，他有足够的时间来做准备工作，然后参加男子110米比赛，赢得了金牌和他本赛季最好的时光。A. cheer up振作起来；B. think over仔细考虑；C. take off脱下；D. warm up作准备活动。根据下文“then compete in the men's 110-meter race”可知，参加比赛之前要做准备活动。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. earned赢得；B. sent送；派遣；C. awarded奖励；授予；D. offered提供。根据上文“Jamaican hurdler (跨栏运动员) Hansle Parchment may not be a Tokyo Olympic gold medalist today. ”和下文“gold and his best time of the season”可知，他赢得了跨栏金牌。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：帕卡芬特决定与帮助他的人共享这个胜利。A. hesitant怀疑的；B. satisfied满足的；C. careful小心的；D. determined坚定的。根据下文“Parchment boards the bus that ____10____ him to the same area — this time ____11____—and rides back to find the stranger named Trijana Stojkovic. ”可知，帕卡芬特寻找帮助他的那个人，因此推断他决定和这个人分享他的胜利。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：帕卡芬特登上了把他送到同一地区的巴士，这次是故意的，然后乘车回来找到了那个叫特里贾娜·斯托科维奇的陌生人。A. turned转动；B. delivered运载；递送；C. drew拖；拉；D. welcomed欢迎。根据下文“rides back to find the stranger named Trijana Stojkovic”可知，帕卡芬特登上了送他到同一个地区的公共汽车，寻找帮助他的人。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：帕卡芬特登上了把他送到同一地区的巴士，这次是故意的，然后乘车回来找到一个那个叫特里贾娜·斯托科维奇的陌生人。A. mistakenly错误地；B. precisely精确地；C. casually偶然地；D. intentionally有意地。根据上文以及下文的“rides back to find the stranger named Trijana Stojkovic”可知，上次乘错了公共汽车，再次乘坐同一辆车，帕卡芬特是有意的，因为他想要寻找帮助他的人。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他走进她，拿出奖牌感谢她。A. approaches接近；B. invites邀请；C. interviews面试；D. convinces使信服。根据下文“pulls out his medal and thanks her”可知，他走进她，拿出来奖牌给她看，感谢她。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天你对我进入决赛至关重要。A. right正确的；B. vital至关重要的；C. wise明智的；D. friendly友好的。根据上文“The hurdler explained how he met a games volunteer who paid his taxi fare to get him to his ____6_”可知，这个陌生人付钱让帕卡芬特及时赶到了赛场，参加了半决赛，因此推断他说她对于他能够进入决赛是至关重要的。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉她，递给她他的金牌给她看。A. saving挽救；B. returning返回；C. handing传递；D. leaving离开。根据下文“for her to see”可知，应是把金牌递给她看。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕卡芬特还给了斯托科维奇一件牙买加奥林匹克马球衫，并偿还了她给他钱，以表示他的感激之情。A. gratitude感激；B. ambition抱负；C. regret遗憾；D. concern关心；关注。根据语境和下文的“by giving Stojkovic a Jamaican Olympic polo shirt”可知，帕卡芬特感激斯托科维奇。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. counting数数；B. checking检查；C. repaying偿还；D. bidding努力争取。根据上文“a games volunteer who paid his taxi fare”和下文“the money she had given him”可知，帕卡芬特偿还了斯托科维奇为他付的出租车钱。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：感谢并不止于此：牙买加旅游部发出了访问该岛的官方邀请。A. cancel取消；B. spread传播；C. stop停止；D. continue继续。根据下文“Jamaica's Ministry of Tourism sent an official ____18____ to visit the island. ”可知，感谢没有停止，牙买加旅游部发出了官方邀请。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：感谢并不止于此：牙买加旅游部发出了访问该岛的官方邀请。A. notice通知；B. invitation邀请；C. decision决定；D. agenda议事日程。根据下文“to visit the island”可知，牙买加旅游部发出访问该岛的官方邀请。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：斯托科维奇后来在她的ins上发布了一张自己穿着这件衬衫的照片：“这是亲爱的汉斯送的好礼物，完美！”她写到。A. displaying显示；B. advertising为……做广告；C. holding持有；容纳；D. wearing穿戴。根据上文“posted a picture of herself”可知，斯托科维奇穿着衬衫拍了一张照片。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：斯托科维奇后来在她的ins上发布了一张自己穿着这件衬衫的照片：“这是亲爱的汉斯送的好礼物，完美！”她写到。A. comfort安慰；B. help帮助；C. gift礼物；D. blessing幸事；福祉。根据上文“by giving Stojkovic a Jamaican Olympic polo shirt”可知，衬衫是帕卡芬特送给斯托科维奇的礼物。故选C。
第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While English speakers look back to the time of Shakespeare and Milton 400 years ago as a Golden age, Chinese look back far ____41____ (far), to the Tang dynasty 1, 200 years ago as their Golden age of literature.
A key feature of Chinese poetry is ____42____ it is concise (简洁的). Each character places a thought, an impression, an image. Emphasis is put on use of rhythm and sometimes in a ____43____ (balance) look of the characters so that it is ____44____ (visual) pleasing on paper.
Amazing 48, 000 poems have survived from the many Tang dynasty poets. After the Tang, poets struggled ____45____ (establish) a modern style that was not rooted in the glories of the past. Later the style of the Song dynasty did become a popular form. So many people enjoy such ____46____ (popular) because it was more fluent and less rigid than that of the Tang.
Many poems contain specific events from Chinese history, and that makes understanding these poems ____47____ challenge to non-Chinese. Translating Chinese poems into English ____48____ (cause) all sorts of problems. For many years, writers have tried to convey the spirit of poems ____49____ different ways. Although much is lost in translation, the core (核心) meaning can ____50____ (catch) and appreciated.
【答案】41. further##farther
42. that 43. balanced
44. visually
45. to establish
46. popularity
47. a 48. causes
49. in 50. be caught
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国诗歌的特点、风格和内容。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：说英语的人回顾400年前莎士比亚和弥尔顿的黄金时代时，中国人回顾得更远，1200年前的唐朝是他们的文学黄金时代。结合句意可知表达更远，用far修饰形容词比较级。故填further/farther。
【42题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：中国诗歌的一个主要特点是是简洁的。系动词is后需要表语从句引导词，从句中不缺成分，用that引导。故填that。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：每个角色都有一个想法，一个印象，一个形象。重点放在节奏的运用上，有时也放在人物的平衡外观上，以便在视觉上看起来令人愉悦。空格处需要形容词作定语修饰名词look。故填balanced。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：每个角色都有一个想法，一个印象，一个形象。重点放在节奏的运用上，有时也放在人物的平衡外观上，以便在视觉上看起来令人愉悦。空格处需要副词修饰形容词pleasing。故填visually。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：唐朝以后，诗人们努力建立一种不植根于过去辉煌的现代风格。struggle to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“努力做某事”。故填to establish。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：很多人喜欢这样的流行，因为它比唐朝的更流畅，更不僵化。such修饰名词作宾语。故填popularity。
【47题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：许多诗歌包含了中国历史上的特定事件，这使得理解这些诗歌对非中国人来说是一个挑战。结合句意可知表示理解这些诗歌是一个挑战，challenge以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
【48题详解】
考查时态。句意：汉诗英译引发了各种各样的问题。句子陈述事实用一般现在时，主语是动名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填causes。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：多年来，作家们试图用不同的方式来传达诗歌的精神。in different ways意为：用不同的方式。故填in。
【50题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：虽然在翻译过程中损失了很多，但核心意思是可以捕捉和欣赏的。主语the core meaning和动词catch之间是被动关系，需要用被动语态，在情态动词can后用动词原形即可。故填be caught。
第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。
Last week, our class carried out an activity, which theme is about Labor.
At first, the important of labour was emphasised by our teacher. Keep what he said in mind, I packed the suitcase all by me before setting off. Then come the two-day activities. We were asked to helping the fruit farmer pick and deliver the watermelons. Exhausted though I was, I experienced great sense of achievement of hard work.
When I came back to home, I couldn't wait to share with my parents the forgettable experience. I harvested very much from the activity that they were both proud of me.
【答案】1. which→whose
2. important→importance
3. Keep→Keeping
4. me→myself
5. come→came
6. helping→help
7. great前加a
8.去掉to
9. forgettable→unforgettable
10. very→so
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了上周班级举办的一次以劳动为主题的活动。
【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：上周，我们班开展了一项活动，主题是关于劳动。此处为定语从句修饰先行词activity，先行词在从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose引导。故将which改为whose。
2.考查名词。句意：起初，我们的老师强调了劳动的重要性。分析句子可知，冠词the后接名词，因此使用important的名词形式作主语。故将important改为importance。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：牢记他的话，我在出发前独自收拾了行李箱。分析句子可知，句中存在谓语动词packed，因此这里使用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语I与keep之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故将Keep改为Keeping。
4.考查反身代词。句意：牢记他的话，我在出发前独自收拾了行李箱。分析句子可知，表示独自使用固定搭配by oneself。故将me改为myself。
5.考查倒装句和动词时态。句意：然后两天的活动到来了。分析句子可知，then位于句首时，句子使用完全倒装，将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。且根据前后文可知这里使用一般过去时。故将come改为came。
6.考查固定搭配。句意：我们被要求帮助果农采摘和运送西瓜。分析句子可知，ask sb. to do是固定搭配意为“要求……做……”符合语境，这里使用被动语态形式。故将helping改为help。
7.考查冠词。句意：虽然我很累，但我经历了努力工作的巨大成就感。结合句意表示“成就感”短语为a great sense of achievement。故great前加a。
8.考查固定短语。句意：回到家后，我迫不及待地想和父母分享这段难忘的经历。结合句意表示“回到家”短语为come back home。故去掉to。
9.考查形容词。句意：回到家后，我迫不及待地想和父母分享这段难忘经历。结合句意表示“难忘的”应用形容词unforgettable。故forgettable改为unforgettable。
10.考查副词。句意：我从这次活动中收获了很多，他们都为我感到骄傲。引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”应用so…that…故very改为so。
第二节 书面表达
52. 假如你是李华，你将于下周参加校读书节“Books and I”的英语演讲比赛，请你结合你自身经历写一篇演讲稿。主要内容：
1.简单介绍你阅读经历（如：何时开始，喜欢阅读哪些书目，推荐你最喜欢的一篇读物等）。 2.阅读对你的影响。
写作要求：
1.词数：100词左右；2.使用演讲稿的文体格式。3.至少使用一种修辞手法（如simile，metaphor，repetition，rhetorical question，quote，personification等）4.至少使用定语或者过去分词的一种手段进行表达。5.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。注意：开头已为你写好，不列入字数。
My dear fellows,
Good morning. My name is Li Hua. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My dear fellows,
Good morning. My name is Li Hua. I will take part in the English speech contest named "Books and I" in our school's reading festival next week.
I have a lot of reading experience. I have been in love with reading since primary school. For me, reading is a necessity of life. It can be done at anytime and anywhere. Personally, I like science fiction books, because they represent the future and are people's fantasy of the future. I find this kind of reading very interesting. The Three-Body Problem is my favorite science fiction book.
In a word, reading has a great influence on me. It makes me quiet and broadens my horizon. Reading has gradually become my food for thought.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假如你是李华，你将于下周参加校读书节“Books and I”的英语演讲比赛，请你结合你自身经历写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：take part in→join in
就个人而言：personally→in one’s opinion
代表，象征：represent→stand for
拓宽：broaden→widen
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I have been in love with reading since primary school.
拓展句：I have been in love with reading since I was in primary school.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Personally, I like science fiction books, because they represent the future and are people's fantasy of the future. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] Reading has gradually become my food for thought. (运用了动名词作主语)
XCS2022届高三年级第一次质量检测试卷
英语
第一部分 听力
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What time is it now?
A. 0:00. B. 9:10. C. 10:00.
2. What does the man's country export to Europe?
A. Copper and coal. B. Coal and wood. C. Wood and copper.
3. What will the man probably do next?
A. Check out of his hotel. B. Take some medicine. C. See a doctor.
4. What kind of novels does the man like most?
A. Horror stories. B. Detective stories. C. Science fiction.
5. When will the man have English classes?
A. On Tuesdays. B. On Thursdays. C. On Saturdays.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What's the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Brother and sister. C. Father and daughter.
7. Why does the woman say sorry to the man?
A. She lost his computer.
B. She hasn't finished their project.
C. She took his iPad without permission.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What did the woman's father buy for her?
A. The jeans. B. The hat. C. The sunglasses.
9. Where did the woman get her belt?
A. At the stadium. B. In the hotel. C. At the theatre.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How long will the woman's cycling holiday last?
A. Fourteen days. B. Ten days. C. Eight days.
11. Which meal is not included in the trip?
A. The breakfast. B. The lunch. C. The supper.
12. What would the woman do during the trip?
A. Bring her own bike. B. Cycle in the dark. C. Visit a farm.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What nationality is Elsa?
A. Turkish. B. Mexican. C. Swiss.
14. What does Elsa like doing most?
A. Reading. B. Painting. C. Horse-riding.
15. When will Elsa travel to England?
A. In April. B. In May. C. In June.
16. What do we know about Elsa?
A. She is good at German. B. She is older than Sally. C. She has a pet dog.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What do all the members of the band have in common?
A. All do similar jobs.
B. All have musical training.
C. All play music for pleasure.
18. When did the speaker join the band?
A. Six years ago. B. Eight years ago. C. Ten years ago.
19. What does the speaker do in the band?
A. He is a guitarist. B. He is a singer. C. He is a dancer.
20. Where does the band perform most regularly?
A. On a cruise boat. B. At birthday parties. C. At weddings.
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
World's Best Places to Visit
With a world full of fascinating destinations, choosing the perfect vacation spot can present a challenge. This list of the world's best places to visit is here for you.
South Island
New Zealand's South Island fills with splendid scenery at every turn. Here, you can admire the Fiordland National Park from hiking routes or a boat on Milford Sound, the eighth wonder of the world. At night, journey to the Mount John Observatory to stare at the starry skies. You can also explore two of the most accessible glaciers in the world on the island's west coast or enjoy delicious food and wine.
Paris
Paris, the City of Light, draws visitors from around the globe who come to see impressive attractions like the Eiffel Tower and the Louvre. But what travelers really fall in love with are the city's unusual cafes, energetic markets, trendy shopping districts and unmistakable charm. Get lost wandering along Paris' streets, or eat a croissant and relax on the banks of the Seine for hours.
Bora Bora
Though this French Polynesian island may be small, its complete tropical beauty makes up for it. Here, you'll find beautiful beaches and thick jungles. The island's volcano, Mount Otemanu, makes for a great photo-op and the enthusiastic locals can help you catch the island's best sights during an off-road hike. To relax, head to Matira Beach for clear water and soft sand. Although a trip to Bora Bora is very expensive, most travelers say it's worth every penny.
1. Which spot best suits people who enjoy astronomy?
A. South Island. B. Paris. C. Bora Bora. D. Mount Otemanu.
2. What's probably the main attraction in Paris?
A. Light. B. Rivers. C. City life. D. Architecture.
3. What do South Island and Bora Bora have in common?
A. High travel costs. B. Cozy purchasing styles.
C. Friendly residents. D. Charming natural scenery.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了三个世界上最好的旅游胜地的情况。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“At night, journey to the Mount John Observatory to stare at the starry skies.(晚上，您可以前往约翰山天文台，欣赏繁星点点的天空)”可知，南岛最适合喜欢天文学的人。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“But what travelers really fall in love with are the city's unusual cafes, energetic markets, trendy shopping districts and unmistakable charm.(但真正让游客爱上的是这座城市与众不同的咖啡馆、充满活力的市场、时髦的购物区和无可置疑的魅力)”可知，巴黎最吸引人的地方可能是城市生活。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“New Zealand's South Island fills with splendid scenery at every turn. Here, you can admire the Fiordland National Park from hiking routes or a boat on Milford Sound, the eighth wonder of the world. (新西兰南岛处处都是美丽的风景。 在这里，你可以通过徒步旅行或在世界第八大奇迹米尔福德海湾乘船欣赏峡湾国家公园)”以及最后一段中“Though this French Polynesian island may be small, its complete tropical beauty makes up for it. Here, you'll find beautiful beaches and thick jungles. (虽然这个法属波利尼西亚岛可能很小，但它的热带美景弥补了这一点。 在这里，你会发现美丽的海滩和茂密的丛林)”可知，南岛和博拉博拉岛的共同之处是有迷人的自然风光。故选D。
B
TOKYO, Japan—Maki Kaji, 69, the creator of the popular numbers puzzle Sudoku whose life's work was spreading the joy of puzzles, has died of cancer.
Known as the “Godfather of Sudoku,” Kaji created the puzzle to be easy for children and others who didn't want to think too hard. Its name is made up of the Japanese characters for “number” and “single,” and players place the numbers 1 through 9 in rows, columns and blocks without repeating them.
Ridiculously, it wasn't until 2004 that Sudoku became a global hit, after a fan from New Zealand got it published in the British newspaper The Times. Two years later, Japan rediscovered its own puzzle as a “reimport.”
Kaji traveled to more than 30 countries spreading his enjoyment of puzzles. Sudoku championships have drawn some 200 million people in 100 countries over the years. Sudoku was also never trademarked (注册) except within Japan, driving its overseas craze.
Born in the main northern island of Hokkaido, Kaji started Japan's first puzzle magazine after dropping out of Keio University in Tokyo. He founded Nikoli in 1983, and came up with the name Sudoku about the same time. In recent years, Sudoku, believed to be the world's most popular pencil puzzle, has come out in digital versions.
“Our mission (使命) is to seek Kaji's wishes and possibilities,” said Yoshinao Anpuku, who succeeded Kaji as Nikoli's chief executive (执行官). Major Japanese newspaper Mainichi credited Kaji for starting the puzzle sections at bookstores, as well as introducing the word “Sudoku” into the Oxford English dictionary.
4. What does the author think is ridiculous?
A. Kaji was the Godfather of Sudoku. B. Kaji set up a puzzle magazine.
C. Sudoku first became popular overseas. D. Sudoku was spread widely and quickly.
5. What can we say about Maki Kaji?
A. He liked traveling a lot. B. He failed to enter the university.
C. He was a top player in Sudoku. D. He was committed to Sudoku spreading.
6. What can be inferred about Sudoku from the passage?
A. It's not for old people. B. It's registered abroad.
C. It was named after Kaji. D. It went all over the world.
7. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. What Kaji wishes for. B. Why Kaji was great.
C. Who is Kaji's follower. D. How Kaji achieved his goal.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。“数独之父”Maki Kaji于8月10日因癌症去世，文章介绍了他的部分生平以及数独游戏的影响力。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Ridiculously, it wasn't until 2004 that Sudoku became a global hit(离谱的是，直到2004年数独在全球范围内出了名)”并结合本段内容可知，作者感到不可思议的是，数独先是在日本以外的全球范围内火了起来，后来才在日本国内被发掘。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Kaji traveled to more than 30 countries spreading his enjoyment of puzzles.(Kaji去了30多个国家推广自己的谜题游戏)”可知，在推广数独的过程中，Kaji是亲力亲为的，与D选项“他承担了数独的推广一事”相符。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句“Sudoku championships have drawn some 200 million people in 100 countries over the years. Sudoku was also never trademarked (注册) except within Japan, driving its overseas craze.(数独锦标赛多年来吸引了100多个国家共2亿人的参与。除了日本国内数独也从未进行注册，这也驱使了其在海外的爆火)”可知，数独堪称风靡全世界，与D选项“它走遍了全世界”表达含义一致。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。总览全文，“数独之父”Maki Kaji于8月10日因癌症去世，文章介绍了他的部分生平以及数独游戏的影响力。B选项“Kaji为何伟大”恰好切合文章主要内容。故选B项。
C
For better or worse, many of us never forget those typical British school days—and with a site that now has over 32, 200 educational institutions as well as a growing number of users, you won't have to.
SchoolMates is a nice networking platform which offers a refreshing alternative to traditional social media in that the focus is on building more meaningful relationships and encouraging interaction between users. While social media sites are customarily designed to form an interactive online community, SchoolMates aims to help people find friends from their past.
“At SchoolMates, our mission is simple. We've created a platform aimed specifically to help people reconnect and keep in touch with former classmates,” explains founder and CEO Chris Goodwin. “Our site encourages people to revive those special relationships from their youth, letting them look back to the ‘good old days’ of summer holidays spent with friends, memorable school trips, as well as less memorable moments like those awful school lunches.”
SchoolMates brings together more than 32, 000 schools, colleges, academies and universities across England, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales and is aimed to help users get back in touch with former classmates. Aimed at the 35 plus age group, which represents 50% of the population, the easy-to-use website enables users to recall and share conversations, jokes, stories, memories and photographs.
Chris was diagnosed with a tumour at the age of 18. He couldn't move and could only sit in a wheelchair. Determined to conquer the world of the Internet and own a successful online business since completing his studies in computer science, he did not let his disability become an excuse to give up on his dreams; he had a successful business career before going on to start up SchoolMates.
8. Why did Chris Goodwin found SchoolMates?
A. To make old classmates closer. B. To increase the number of users.
C. To help people make new friends. D. To replace traditional social media.
9. What does the underlined word “revive” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Review. B. Retell. C. Check. D. Control.
10. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A. SchoolMates' target group is age-free. B. It's easy for users to search for information.
C. SchoolMates designed to be user-friendly. D. SchoolMates has the biggest number of users.
11. Which of the following best describes Chris Goodwin?
A. Smart. B. Ambitious. C. Generous. D. Demanding.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了SchoolMates是一个很好的社交平台，它为传统社交媒体提供了一个令人耳目一新的选择，因为它的重点是建立更有意义的关系，并鼓励用户之间的互动。介绍了其创始人对于创立SchoolMates的想法和SchoolMates的特点等信息。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““At SchoolMates, our mission is simple. We've created a platform aimed specifically to help people reconnect and keep in touch with former classmates,” explains founder and CEO Chris Goodwin. “Our site encourages people to revive those special relationships from their youth, letting them look back to the ‘good old days’ of summer holidays spent with friends, memorable school trips, as well as less memorable moments like those awful school lunches.”(在SchoolMates，我们的使命很简单。我们创建了一个平台，旨在帮助人们重新建立联系，并与以前的同学保持联系，”创始人兼CEO Chris Goodwin解释道。“我们的网站鼓励人们重温年轻时的特殊关系，让他们回忆和朋友一起度过的暑假，难忘的学校旅行，以及那些不太难忘的时刻，比如糟糕的学校午餐。”)”可知，Chris Goodwin成立SchoolMates是为了让老同学更亲密。故选A。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“those special relationships from their youth, letting them look back to the ‘good old days’ of summer holidays spent with friends, memorable school trips, as well as less memorable moments like those awful school lunches”可知，SchoolMates 为了鼓励人们回顾年轻时的特殊关系，让他们回忆和朋友一起度过的暑假，难忘的学校旅行，以及那些不太难忘的时刻，比如糟糕的学校午餐。故画线词意思是“回顾”。A. Review.回顾；B. Retell.复述；C. Check.检查；D. Control.控制。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Aimed at the 35 plus age group, which represents 50% of the population, the easy-to-use website enables users to recall and share conversations, jokes, stories, memories and photographs.(这个简单易用的网站面向35岁以上的人群，这一人群占总人口的50%，用户可以回忆和分享对话、笑话、故事、回忆和照片)”可知，SchoolMates设计人性化。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Determined to conquer the world of the Internet and own a successful online business since completing his studies in computer science, he did not let his disability become an excuse to give up on his dreams; he had a successful business career before going on to start up SchoolMates.(自从完成了计算机科学的学业，他决心征服互联网的世界，并拥有一个成功的在线业务，他没有让自己的残疾成为放弃梦想的借口；在创办SchoolMates之前，他曾有过成功的商业生涯)”可推知，Chris Goodwin是个有抱负的人。故选B。
D
We've long known that crows exhibit extraordinary intelligence. These birds have inspired legends for centuries. But the more scientists know about their brain structure and behaviors, the more crows seem to resemble humans.
John Marzluff, a professor from the University of Washington, has been studying crows for decades. He's explored the exceptional size and function of crow brains, their long life and lifestyle. “Big brain, long life and sociality, those are really linked features,” Marzluff says. “You put those together, and it should sound pretty familiar.”
To top that off, just last fall other researchers determined that crows seem to exhibit a level of consciousness shown only in humans and very few of our mammal relatives. The breakthrough study published in Science showed that crows have an ability to draw on subjective experiences from the past in order to solve a task. This means the birds keep new information, or memories, in the front of their brains for extended periods, and use it in reasoning and dealing with new situations they meet.
That is, for people and crows alike, the forebrain deals with higher tasks, including reasoned decision-making, problem-solving and executive function. Taken together, these findings help explain the problem-solving and tool use in crows. The New Caledonian crow, for example, has recently gained welcome for not only tool use, but its ability to make compound tools out of various materials. These birds have been known to make hooks and sharp spears that they use to catch insects in hard-to-reach places. In research labs, they've successfully bent wire to grab baskets with food inside.
“They understand the concept of hooking and-pulling and spearing and what tools are needed to do that,” Marzluff says. These reasoning skills appear to be significantly more advanced than primitive tool use—such as using rocks to break open shells and other food—that researchers have observed in some other animals.
12. What does Marluff mean by saying “it should sound pretty familiar”?
A. He knows how to study crows. B. He was very familiar with crows.
C. The way crows live is related to humans. D. Crows have features similar to those of humans.
13. What can we infer about crows according to the passage？
A. They can draw pictures. B. They like to eat insects.
C. They use tools creatively. D. They existed for centuries.
14. What makes Marzluff think crows are more advanced than other animals?
A. Crows' special size. B. Crow's better reasoning skills.
C. Crows' longer life. D. Crows' way of raising babies.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Crows, Like No Other B. Legends of Crows
C. Crows, More Humanlike D. Evolution of Crows
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了随着科学家对乌鸦的大脑结构和行为了解得越多，发现乌鸦和人类很相似。文章详细介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“But the more scientists know about their brain structure and behaviors, the more crows seem to resemble humans.(但是，科学家对乌鸦的大脑结构和行为了解得越多，乌鸦似乎就越像人类)”以及第二段中“Big brain, long life and sociality, those are really linked features(大脑大、寿命长和社交能力强，这些确实是相互关联的特征)”可推知，“这听起来应该很熟悉”意思是乌鸦有与人类相似的特征。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“The New Caledonian crow, for example, has recently gained welcome for not only tool use, but its ability to make compound tools out of various materials. These birds have been known to make hooks and sharp spears that they use to catch insects in hard-to-reach places. In research labs, they've successfully bent wire to grab baskets with food inside.(例如，新喀里多尼亚乌鸦最近受到欢迎，不仅因为它能使用工具，还因为它能用各种材料制作复合工具。人们知道这些鸟会制造钩子和锋利的矛，用来在难以够到的地方捕捉昆虫。 在研究实验室里，他们成功地弯曲电线来抓取里面有食物的篮子)”可推知，乌鸦创造性地使用工具。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“These reasoning skills appear to be significantly more advanced than primitive tool use—such as using rocks to break open shells and other food—that researchers have observed in some other animals.(这些推理能力似乎比研究人员在其他动物身上观察到的原始工具使用——比如用石头敲开贝壳和其他食物——要高级得多)”可知，乌鸦更好的推理能力让Marzluff认为乌鸦比其他动物更高级。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“We've long known that crows exhibit extraordinary intelligence. These birds have inspired legends for centuries. But the more scientists know about their brain structure and behaviors, the more crows seem to resemble humans.(我们早就知道乌鸦表现出非凡的智慧。 几个世纪以来，这些鸟一直是传说的主角。但是，科学家对乌鸦的大脑结构和行为了解得越多，乌鸦似乎就越像人类)”结合文章主要说明了随着科学家对乌鸦的大脑结构和行为了解得越多，发现乌鸦和人类很相似。文章详细介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。可知，C选项“乌鸦更像人类”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
This summer, many areas of the US have been suffering historic droughts (干旱). Climate change has brought very high temperatures and less-than-normal rain and snow to the country.____16____. It also means hot weather, which can be hard to take.
____17____. Their civilization once thrived (繁荣) with its amazing architecture of pyramids and cities. One of the cities, Tikal, was built in what is now Guatemala. “It was quite a remarkable place, with temples towering above the top of the rainforest,” says Dunning.
Although the region is a tropical rainforest, Tikal was built in a place that got little rain for half the year. Additionally, it had no year round lakes or river—although it did have an important spring. The Maya also did not have a system to reach groundwater. ____18____.
“As Tikal grew, people there would have had to cut down parts of the surrounding rainforest to raise food.____19____ to meet their needs for wood and other resources,” Dunning says. Dunning compares it to today's practice of chopping down much larger parts of the Amazon rainforest raise cattle for beef. He calls this deed “bad for the health of local environment and the global environment, too.”
The Maya would have used cut-and-burn techniques and let the forest grow back after a few years
Although the Maya changed the environment with their farming and other practices, they had much less impact on the climate than we do now. The Maya understood that they have to have balance.____20____ You'll pay a price, or someone will.
A. If you abuse the world, it's going to come back
B. At the same time, they left enough of it in place
C. So they built tanks to collect and store rainwater
D. They would have served different, important purposes
E. That means there is less water to drink and less water for crops
F. Tikal was home to tens of thousands of people during the years 600 to 800
G. Thousands of years ago, the Maya people suffered from the same problems
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国很多地区遭受了历史性的干旱的事实，对比玛雅人对环境的合理利用进一步分析了人类对环境的破坏导致气候变暖的做法。
【16题详解】
根据前句“Climate change has brought very high temperatures and less-than-normal rain and snow to the country.”（气候变化给该国带来了非常高的温度和低于正常水平的雨雪。）可知E项“That means there is less water to drink and less water for crops”（这意味着可以饮用的水和用于农作物的水都减少了）进一步说明了干旱带来的不利影响，其中less water to drink and less water for crops与前文less-than-normal rain and snow形成呼应。符合本段语境。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据后文“Their civilization once thrived (繁荣) with its amazing architecture of pyramids and cities.”（他们的文明曾经以其惊人的金字塔和城市建筑而繁荣昌盛。）可知此处应该会提到一个伟大的民族，G项“Thousands of years ago, the Maya people suffered from the same problems”（几千年前，玛雅人也遭受了同样的问题）其中Maya people 与后文Their civilization的代词形成指代关系，符合语境。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“Additionally, it had no year round lakes or river—although it did have an important spring.”（此外，它没有全年的湖泊或河流——尽管它确实有一个重要的泉水。）可知C项“So they built tanks to collect and store rainwater”（所以他们建造了水箱来收集和储存雨水）其中collect and store rainwater与前文no year round lakes or river形成呼应关系，表示因为没有储水的条件，因此需要建造水箱。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“cut down parts of the surrounding rainforest to raise food.”（砍伐周围的部分雨林来饲养食物。）以及后文“Dunning compares it to today's practice of chopping down much larger parts of the Amazon rainforest raise cattle for beef. He calls this deed bad for the health of local environment and the global environment, too.”（邓宁将其比作今天砍伐亚马逊雨林中更大的部分来养牛吃牛肉的做法。他称这种做法对当地环境和全球环境的健康不利。）可知B项“At the same time, they left enough of it in place”（同时，他们也留下了足够多的雨林）其中left enough of it in place与后文chopping down much larger parts of the Amazon rainforest raise cattle for beef当今的做法形成对比关系，表示玛雅人对环境的利用是合理的。符合本段语境。故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据后文“You'll pay a price, or someone will.”（你会付出代价，或者有人会。）可知A项“If you abuse the world, it's going to come back”（如果你不好好对待这个世界，它将会来讨的）其中it's going to come back与后文pay a price形成呼应结构。故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If not for the kindness of a stranger, Jamaican hurdler (跨栏运动员) Hansle Parchment may not be a Tokyo Olympic gold medalist today.
The 31-year-old athlete took the ____21____ bus on the day of his semifinal race.____22____ in enjoying music, he didn't realize it.
“By the time I ____23____, I realized, ‘No, this bus is not going the right way. ’I'm not familiar with these ____24____,” he said.
Running out of time quickly to ____25____ another bus to the right place is almost impossible. The hurdler explained how he met a games volunteer who paid his taxi fare to get him to his ____26____. Because of her, he made it with enough time to ____27____—and then compete in the men's 110-meter race that ____28____ him gold and his best time of the season.
Parchment was ____29____ to share the victory with the person who helped him. Parchment boards the bus that _____30_____ him to the same area — this time _____31_____—and rides back to find the stranger named Trijana Stojkovic.
He _____32_____ her, pulls out his medal and thanks her. “You were _____33_____ in me getting to the final that day,” he tells her,_____34_____ her the medal for her to see.
Parchment also shows his _____35_____ by giving Stojkovic a Jamaican Olympic polo shirt and _____36_____ the money she had given him. And the thanks didn't _____37_____ there: Jamaica's Ministry of Tourism sent an official _____38_____ to visit the island.
Stojkovic later posted a picture of herself _____39_____ the shirt on her Instagram: “This is a great _____40_____from dear Handle. Perfect!” she wrote.
21. A. regular B. wrong C. punctual D. final
22. A. Lost B. Eperienced C. Skillful D. Successful
23. A. looked up B. calmed down C. walked around D. went ahead
24. A. seats B. athletes C. citizens D. surroundings
25. A. follow B. grab C. drive D. order
26. A. bus B. island C. race D. house
27. A. cheer up B. think over C. take off D. warm up
28. A. earned B. sent C. awarded D. offered
29. A. hesitant B. satisfied C. careful D. determined
30. A. turned B. delivered C. drew D. welcomed
31. A. mistakenly B. precisely C. casually D. intentionally
32. A. approaches B. invites C. interviews D. convinces
33. A. right B. vital C. wise D. friendly
34. A. saving B. returning C. handing D. leaving
35. A. gratitude B. ambition C. regret D. concern
36. A. counting B. checking C. repaying D. bidding
37. A. cancel B. spread C. stop D. continue
38. A. notice B. invitation C. decision D. agenda
39. A. displaying B. advertising C. holding D. wearing
40. A. comfort B. help C. gift D. blessing
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了牙买加跨栏运动员汉斯·帕卡芬特（Hansle Parcaphent）去赛场比赛，却乘错了公交车。正当他焦急万分之际，遇到了一位善良的奥运志愿者，这位志愿者帮助他及时感到了赛场，最后他赢得了金牌，非常感谢这位志愿者。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位31岁的运动员在半决赛当天乘错了公共汽车。A. regular有规律的；B. wrong错误的；C. punctual准时的；D. final最终的。根据下文“No, this bus is not going the right way. ”可知，汉斯·帕卡芬特乘错了公共汽车。故选B。
22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沉浸在享受音乐中，他没有意识到这件事。A. Lost失去的；B. Experienced有经验的；C. Skillful熟练的；D. Successful成功的。根据下文“he didn't realize it. ”可知，帕卡芬特沉浸在享受音乐中。be lost in“沉湎于”，是固定短语，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：到我抬头时，我意识到：“不，这辆巴士开得方向不对。”A. looked up抬头；向上看；B. calmed down镇静下来；C. walked around四处走动；D. went ahead前进。根据上文“___2____in enjoying music, he didn't realize it”可推断，帕卡芬特低头在听音乐，直到他抬头看，才发现坐错了车。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不熟悉周围的环境。A. seats座位；B. athletes运动员；C. citizens市民；D. surroundings周围环境。根据上文“I realized, ‘No, this bus is not going the right way. ’”可知，帕卡芬特坐错了公共汽车，因此推断他不熟悉周围的环境。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：快速赶上另一辆公交车去正确的地方几乎是不可能的。A. follow跟随；B. grab抓住，敢上；C. drive开车；D. order命令。根据下文“another bus to the right place”可知，要快速赶上另一辆公交车去目的地是不可能的，grab“赶上；抓住”符合语境，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位跨栏运动员解释了他是如何遇到一个奥运会志愿者付了出租车费让他赶上他的比赛的。A. bus公共汽车；B. island岛屿；C. race赛跑；D. house房子。根据下文“he made it with enough time to ____7____—then compete in the men's 110-meter race”可推断，志愿者帮助这位运动员赶上了参加跨栏赛跑。故选C。
27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为她，他有足够的时间来做准备工作，然后参加男子110米比赛，赢得了金牌和他本赛季最好的时光。A. cheer up振作起来；B. think over仔细考虑；C. take off脱下；D. warm up作准备活动。根据下文“then compete in the men's 110-meter race”可知，参加比赛之前要做准备活动。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. earned赢得；B. sent送；派遣；C. awarded奖励；授予；D. offered提供。根据上文“Jamaican hurdler (跨栏运动员) Hansle Parchment may not be a Tokyo Olympic gold medalist today. ”和下文“gold and his best time of the season”可知，他赢得了跨栏金牌。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：帕卡芬特决定与帮助他的人共享这个胜利。A. hesitant怀疑的；B. satisfied满足的；C. careful小心的；D. determined坚定的。根据下文“Parchment boards the bus that ____10____ him to the same area — this time ____11____—and rides back to find the stranger named Trijana Stojkovic. ”可知，帕卡芬特寻找帮助他的那个人，因此推断他决定和这个人分享他的胜利。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：帕卡芬特登上了把他送到同一地区的巴士，这次是故意的，然后乘车回来找到了那个叫特里贾娜·斯托科维奇的陌生人。A. turned转动；B. delivered运载；递送；C. drew拖；拉；D. welcomed欢迎。根据下文“rides back to find the stranger named Trijana Stojkovic”可知，帕卡芬特登上了送他到同一个地区的公共汽车，寻找帮助他的人。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：帕卡芬特登上了把他送到同一地区的巴士，这次是故意的，然后乘车回来找到一个那个叫特里贾娜·斯托科维奇的陌生人。A. mistakenly错误地；B. precisely精确地；C. casually偶然地；D. intentionally有意地。根据上文以及下文的“rides back to find the stranger named Trijana Stojkovic”可知，上次乘错了公共汽车，再次乘坐同一辆车，帕卡芬特是有意的，因为他想要寻找帮助他的人。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他走进她，拿出奖牌感谢她。A. approaches接近；B. invites邀请；C. interviews面试；D. convinces使信服。根据下文“pulls out his medal and thanks her”可知，他走进她，拿出来奖牌给她看，感谢她。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天你对我进入决赛至关重要。A. right正确的；B. vital至关重要的；C. wise明智的；D. friendly友好的。根据上文“The hurdler explained how he met a games volunteer who paid his taxi fare to get him to his ____6_”可知，这个陌生人付钱让帕卡芬特及时赶到了赛场，参加了半决赛，因此推断他说她对于他能够进入决赛是至关重要的。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉她，递给她他的金牌给她看。A. saving挽救；B. returning返回；C. handing传递；D. leaving离开。根据下文“for her to see”可知，应是把金牌递给她看。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕卡芬特还给了斯托科维奇一件牙买加奥林匹克马球衫，并偿还了她给他钱，以表示他的感激之情。A. gratitude感激；B. ambition抱负；C. regret遗憾；D. concern关心；关注。根据语境和下文的“by giving Stojkovic a Jamaican Olympic polo shirt”可知，帕卡芬特感激斯托科维奇。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. counting数数；B. checking检查；C. repaying偿还；D. bidding努力争取。根据上文“a games volunteer who paid his taxi fare”和下文“the money she had given him”可知，帕卡芬特偿还了斯托科维奇为他付的出租车钱。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：感谢并不止于此：牙买加旅游部发出了访问该岛的官方邀请。A. cancel取消；B. spread传播；C. stop停止；D. continue继续。根据下文“Jamaica's Ministry of Tourism sent an official ____18____ to visit the island. ”可知，感谢没有停止，牙买加旅游部发出了官方邀请。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：感谢并不止于此：牙买加旅游部发出了访问该岛的官方邀请。A. notice通知；B. invitation邀请；C. decision决定；D. agenda议事日程。根据下文“to visit the island”可知，牙买加旅游部发出访问该岛的官方邀请。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：斯托科维奇后来在她的ins上发布了一张自己穿着这件衬衫的照片：“这是亲爱的汉斯送的好礼物，完美！”她写到。A. displaying显示；B. advertising为……做广告；C. holding持有；容纳；D. wearing穿戴。根据上文“posted a picture of herself”可知，斯托科维奇穿着衬衫拍了一张照片。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：斯托科维奇后来在她的ins上发布了一张自己穿着这件衬衫的照片：“这是亲爱的汉斯送的好礼物，完美！”她写到。A. comfort安慰；B. help帮助；C. gift礼物；D. blessing幸事；福祉。根据上文“by giving Stojkovic a Jamaican Olympic polo shirt”可知，衬衫是帕卡芬特送给斯托科维奇的礼物。故选C。
第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While English speakers look back to the time of Shakespeare and Milton 400 years ago as a Golden age, Chinese look back far ____41____ (far), to the Tang dynasty 1, 200 years ago as their Golden age of literature.
A key feature of Chinese poetry is ____42____ it is concise (简洁的). Each character places a thought, an impression, an image. Emphasis is put on use of rhythm and sometimes in a ____43____ (balance) look of the characters so that it is ____44____ (visual) pleasing on paper.
Amazing 48, 000 poems have survived from the many Tang dynasty poets. After the Tang, poets struggled ____45____ (establish) a modern style that was not rooted in the glories of the past. Later the style of the Song dynasty did become a popular form. So many people enjoy such ____46____ (popular) because it was more fluent and less rigid than that of the Tang.
Many poems contain specific events from Chinese history, and that makes understanding these poems ____47____ challenge to non-Chinese. Translating Chinese poems into English ____48____ (cause) all sorts of problems. For many years, writers have tried to convey the spirit of poems ____49____ different ways. Although much is lost in translation, the core (核心) meaning can ____50____ (catch) and appreciated.
【答案】41. further##farther
42. that 43. balanced
44. visually
45. to establish
46. popularity
47. a 48. causes
49. in 50. be caught
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国诗歌的特点、风格和内容。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：说英语的人回顾400年前莎士比亚和弥尔顿的黄金时代时，中国人回顾得更远，1200年前的唐朝是他们的文学黄金时代。结合句意可知表达更远，用far修饰形容词比较级。故填further/farther。
【42题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：中国诗歌的一个主要特点是是简洁的。系动词is后需要表语从句引导词，从句中不缺成分，用that引导。故填that。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：每个角色都有一个想法，一个印象，一个形象。重点放在节奏的运用上，有时也放在人物的平衡外观上，以便在视觉上看起来令人愉悦。空格处需要形容词作定语修饰名词look。故填balanced。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：每个角色都有一个想法，一个印象，一个形象。重点放在节奏的运用上，有时也放在人物的平衡外观上，以便在视觉上看起来令人愉悦。空格处需要副词修饰形容词pleasing。故填visually。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：唐朝以后，诗人们努力建立一种不植根于过去辉煌的现代风格。struggle to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“努力做某事”。故填to establish。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：很多人喜欢这样的流行，因为它比唐朝的更流畅，更不僵化。such修饰名词作宾语。故填popularity。
【47题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：许多诗歌包含了中国历史上的特定事件，这使得理解这些诗歌对非中国人来说是一个挑战。结合句意可知表示理解这些诗歌是一个挑战，challenge以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
【48题详解】
考查时态。句意：汉诗英译引发了各种各样的问题。句子陈述事实用一般现在时，主语是动名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填causes。
【49题详解】
考查介词。句意：多年来，作家们试图用不同的方式来传达诗歌的精神。in different ways意为：用不同的方式。故填in。
【50题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：虽然在翻译过程中损失了很多，但核心意思是可以捕捉和欣赏的。主语the core meaning和动词catch之间是被动关系，需要用被动语态，在情态动词can后用动词原形即可。故填be caught。
第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。
Last week, our class carried out an activity, which theme is about Labor.
At first, the important of labour was emphasised by our teacher. Keep what he said in mind, I packed the suitcase all by me before setting off. Then come the two-day activities. We were asked to helping the fruit farmer pick and deliver the watermelons. Exhausted though I was, I experienced great sense of achievement of hard work.
When I came back to home, I couldn't wait to share with my parents the forgettable experience. I harvested very much from the activity that they were both proud of me.
【答案】1. which→whose
2. important→importance
3. Keep→Keeping
4. me→myself
5. come→came
6. helping→help
7. great前加a
8.去掉to
9. forgettable→unforgettable
10. very→so
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了上周班级举办的一次以劳动为主题的活动。
【详解】1.考查定语从句。句意：上周，我们班开展了一项活动，主题是关于劳动。此处为定语从句修饰先行词activity，先行词在从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose引导。故将which改为whose。
2.考查名词。句意：起初，我们的老师强调了劳动的重要性。分析句子可知，冠词the后接名词，因此使用important的名词形式作主语。故将important改为importance。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：牢记他的话，我在出发前独自收拾了行李箱。分析句子可知，句中存在谓语动词packed，因此这里使用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语I与keep之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故将Keep改为Keeping。
4.考查反身代词。句意：牢记他的话，我在出发前独自收拾了行李箱。分析句子可知，表示独自使用固定搭配by oneself。故将me改为myself。
5.考查倒装句和动词时态。句意：然后两天的活动到来了。分析句子可知，then位于句首时，句子使用完全倒装，将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。且根据前后文可知这里使用一般过去时。故将come改为came。
6.考查固定搭配。句意：我们被要求帮助果农采摘和运送西瓜。分析句子可知，ask sb. to do是固定搭配意为“要求……做……”符合语境，这里使用被动语态形式。故将helping改为help。
7.考查冠词。句意：虽然我很累，但我经历了努力工作的巨大成就感。结合句意表示“成就感”短语为a great sense of achievement。故great前加a。
8.考查固定短语。句意：回到家后，我迫不及待地想和父母分享这段难忘的经历。结合句意表示“回到家”短语为come back home。故去掉to。
9.考查形容词。句意：回到家后，我迫不及待地想和父母分享这段难忘经历。结合句意表示“难忘的”应用形容词unforgettable。故forgettable改为unforgettable。
10.考查副词。句意：我从这次活动中收获了很多，他们都为我感到骄傲。引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”应用so…that…故very改为so。
第二节 书面表达
52. 假如你是李华，你将于下周参加校读书节“Books and I”的英语演讲比赛，请你结合你自身经历写一篇演讲稿。主要内容：
1.简单介绍你阅读经历（如：何时开始，喜欢阅读哪些书目，推荐你最喜欢的一篇读物等）。 2.阅读对你的影响。
写作要求：
1.词数：100词左右；2.使用演讲稿的文体格式。3.至少使用一种修辞手法（如simile，metaphor，repetition，rhetorical question，quote，personification等）4.至少使用定语或者过去分词的一种手段进行表达。5.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。注意：开头已为你写好，不列入字数。
My dear fellows,
Good morning. My name is Li Hua. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My dear fellows,
Good morning. My name is Li Hua. I will take part in the English speech contest named "Books and I" in our school's reading festival next week.
I have a lot of reading experience. I have been in love with reading since primary school. For me, reading is a necessity of life. It can be done at anytime and anywhere. Personally, I like science fiction books, because they represent the future and are people's fantasy of the future. I find this kind of reading very interesting. The Three-Body Problem is my favorite science fiction book.
In a word, reading has a great influence on me. It makes me quiet and broadens my horizon. Reading has gradually become my food for thought.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假如你是李华，你将于下周参加校读书节“Books and I”的英语演讲比赛，请你结合你自身经历写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：take part in→join in
就个人而言：personally→in one’s opinion
代表，象征：represent→stand for
拓宽：broaden→widen
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I have been in love with reading since primary school.
拓展句：I have been in love with reading since I was in primary school.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Personally, I like science fiction books, because they represent the future and are people's fantasy of the future. (运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] Reading has gradually become my food for thought. (运用了动名词作主语)
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