高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 3 Sports and fitness课时练习

课时作业 12

阅读理解

A

 Although I had wanted to quit smoking, I never made up my mind until New Year's Day last year. I was having a terrible headache. I knew it was time to quit.

Searching for methods to quit smoking on the Internet is like searching for weight loss tips — there are thousands of different ways that are said to be the best, but not all are right for you. One approach that did draw my interest was apps. Along with cigarettes (烟), my phone was the only other thing I couldn't leave my apartment without.

There are hundreds of apps for quitting smoking. I downloaded an app called QuitIt because it was said to be good. It was free and didn't cost much time as some others. You input the amount of cigarettes you smoke, the cost per pack and the time you decide to quit smoking. The app does the math and then gives you information based on the information given by you. It tracks the amount of time since you decided to quit, the money you've saved, and the danger you've avoided. The app also includes a number of health goals.

Quitting smoking was one of the hardest things I've ever had to do. Like most stories of quitting, I did get a little sick and I felt terrible, but the most difficult part was the empty feeling I was left with. Any time I felt like a cigarette, I would open the app and track the progress I had made. If I wanted to smoke while I was on the computer, I'd immediately go to r/stopsmoking to read a success story, or to offer support to someone else having a harder time than me.

I quit smoking 1 year 2 months and 27 days ago. I did not smoke 6,771 cigarettes and saved $4,062.84.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者想要戒烟，后来利用一部手机应用软件成功地戒了烟。

1．What did the author realize when suffering the terrible headache?

A．He should turn to an app.

B．He should go to see a doctor.

C．It was time to make a new plan.

D．It was about time he quit smoking.

答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据第一段的“Although I  had wanted to quit smoking, I never made up  my mind until New Year's Day last year. I  was having a terrible headache. I knew it was  time to quit.”可知，作者意识到是时候戒烟了。

2．What does the underlined word “approach” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Method.  B．Result.

C．Place.    D．Suggestion.

答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Searching for  methods to quit smoking”可知，这里是指一种利用app戒烟的“方法”。

3．It's implied in Paragraph 4 that QuitIt ________.

A．played a big role in the author's quitting smoking

B．made the author's time much harder

C．was questioned by many people

D．could be used on the computer

答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段的“Like most  stories of quitting, I did get a little sick... Any time I felt like a cigarette, I would open the app and track the progress I had made.”可知，这个app在作者的戒烟过程中起着很重要的作用。

4．What's the author's purpose in writing the text?

A．To show us the harm of smoking.

B．To encourage readers to use an app.

C．To explain why he chose to quit smoking.

D．To tell us how he managed to quit smoking.

答案与解析：D　主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文作者主要讲述了自己是如何成功戒烟的。

B

Eight years ago, Special Olympics Georgia Forsyth County was introduced to Britt Hall. Britt Hall is a Special Olympics Georgia athlete. “The first sport I started competing in with Special Olympics Georgia was softball. I was with the Forsyth Golden Gloves, and we were a pretty good team，” said Britt as he looked back upon his first state game.

Since then, the athlete has competed in much more than softball. Britt has gone on to compete in bocce, basketball, athletics, table tennis, volleyball and flag football during his Special Olympics Georgia career (职业生涯). And he performed well in these games. “Athletics has always been one of his favorite sports to compete in，” said Britt's father. “He likes the different competitions within athletics, especially the races (赛跑)．”

“I like athletics, but I am excited for flag football this year. We are going to play just as well as the Falcons，” Britt said. This year, Britt and his teammates will be returning to Emory University as the Special Olympics Georgia Forsyth County Mean Machine, one of the two flag football teams from Special Olympics Georgia Forsyth County.Despite the word “mean” being in their name, Britt says that their aim is not to be mean to their competitors. “We want to win the gold, but we want to  be nice to the other teams and encourage them. They are our friends and have worked just as hard as we have for the state competitions，” Britt explained.

While athletes are encouraged to try their very best and go for the gold, Special Olympics Georgia centers on sportsmanship and friendship during competitions. Britt has always been a good team player, but he is also very competitive. Special Olympics Georgia has helped him gain confidence as an athlete, which shows him how to cheer on his teammates and the opposing athletes.

“I've learned a lot from being in Special Olympics Georgia. I think there is a lesson for everyone who competes，” said Britt.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。Britt Hall是一名残疾运动员，他加入Special Olympics Georgia后，受益颇多。

5．What do we learn about Britt Hall?

A．He's good at many sports.

B．He was born in Georgia.

C．He preferred softball to other sports.

D．He disliked the Forsyth Golden Gloves.

答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Britt has gone on to compete in bocce, basketball, athletics, table tennis, volleyball and flag football during his Special Olympics Georgia career. And he performed well in these games.”可知他擅长多门运动。

6．Which of the following belongs to athletics?

A．Bocce.      B．Basketball.

C．Flag football. D．The 1,000­meter race.

答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段的“... in bocce, basketball, athletics, table tennis, volleyball and flag football”和“He likes the different competitions within athletics, especially the races.”可推断races这种运动属于athletics。

7．How does Britt Hall think of what Special Olympics Georgia centers on?

A．He thinks highly of them.

B．He is surprised at them.

C．He's strongly against them.

D．He's concerned about them.

答案与解析：A　推断判断题。根据第三段的“‘We want to win the gold, but we want to  be nice to the other teams and encourage them...’ Britt explained.”以及第四段的“Special Olympics Georgia centers on sportsmanship and friendship...”可推断Britt Hall会高度评价Special Olympics Georgia所关注的体育精神和友谊。

8．After reading the text, we can know ________.

A．Special Olympics Georgia is famous around the world

B．Special Olympics Georgia has played a big role in Britt's life

C．Britt succeeds as an athlete mainly because of his gifts

D．Britt not only won many gold medals but made many friends

答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据第四段的“Special Olympics Georgia has helped him gain confidence as an athlete，...”以及末段的“I've learned a lot from being in Special Olympics Georgia.”可知这个机构对Britt Hall产生了很大的影响。

C

Susan couldn't help it. She and her friends began  lunch  with  cheese.  Then  they  ate cheeseburgers and drank milk. Things seemed fine, but then suddenly Susan's stomach started making noise. Her stomach hurt, and, racing to the restroom, she had terrible gas!  She was so ashamed. She had been so excited to go to lunch with her friends that she totally forgot to watch how many dairy products (奶制品) she ate! Susan is lactose intolerant (乳糖不耐受的), and eating too many dairy foods can make her feel really sick.

Lactose intolerance means that the body can't easily digest (消化) a special sugar called lactose. Unfortunately for Susan and millions of other  people with this problem, lactose is found in almost all dairy products — cheese, milk and ice cream.

Our body uses lactase (乳糖酵素) to break lactose into a simpler form of sugar. Once lactose is broken down, it's easy to digest and it provides great energy for the body. But people like Susan don't have enough lactase to break down all the lactose they take in. So, about half an hour to two hours after eating dairy­rich foods, their stomachs begin to hurt and they have gas, making their stomachs get bigger. Sometimes they even get diarrhea (腹泻) when they eat too many dairy foods.

So how can someone living with this problem still eat out with his or her friends? Here are some tips. If you're going to eat a dairy­rich food like ice cream, eat something that doesn't have any dairy with it, like a salad or a sandwich without cheese. This will help slow digestion, and your body will have time to create more lactase.

【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章通过举例说明了乳糖不耐受症的症状和产生的原因，并对患有乳糖不耐受症的人群提出了建议。

9．What can cause lactose intolerance?

A．A shortage of lactose.

B．Eating too little sugar.

C．Slow digestion of dairy products.

D．Poor digestion of any food you eat.

答案与解析：C　推理判断题。由第二段中的“Lactose intolerance means that the body can't easily digest a special sugar called lactose”和“lactose is found in almost all dairy products”可知，乳糖不耐受症是由于一些人无法正常消化乳制品造成的。

10．What do we know about lactose?

A．It is found in almost all foods.

B．It is very necessary for the body.

C．It is hard for some people to break down.

D．It changes its form once it is in the body.

答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由第三段中的“But people like Susan don't have enough lactase to break down all the lactose they take in”可知，有些人的身体中没有能够分解乳糖的乳糖酵素，即他们的身体无法分解乳糖。

11．What is a result of lactose intolerance?

A．The headache.

B．The stomachache.

C．The feeling of hunger.

D．The feeling of tiredness.

答案与解析：B　细节理解题。由第一段中的“Her stomach hurt”和第三段中的“their stomachs begin to hurt”可知，腹痛是乳糖不耐受症的症状之一。

12．What would be the best advice for Susan?

A．Enjoy eating dairy­rich foods.

B．Avoid eating out with her friends.

C．Take digestion pills to speed up digestion.

D．Eat dairy­free and diary­rich foods together.

答案与解析：D　细节理解题。由最后一段中的“If you're going to eat a dairy­rich food like ice cream, eat something that doesn't have any dairy with it”可知，乳糖不耐受症患者可以将奶制品和非奶制品搭配起来吃，以延缓对乳糖的消化，从而给身体足够多的时间生产乳糖酵素。