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上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2021-2022学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2021-2022学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题（解析版），共25页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
华东师大二附中2021学年第一学期10月阶段性测试
高一英语
（考试时间：90分钟 卷面满分：100分）
Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension: 20%
Section A: Short Conversations
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you’ve heard.
1. A. An advisor. B.A teacher. C.A coach. D. A doctor.
2. A. In a hospital. B. At a bank. C. In a restaurant. D. At a clothing store.
3. A. Youngsters don’t really know what fashion is.
B. People should care more about their appearance.
C. Styles change more quickly than necessary nowadays.
D. It’s not sensible to go after brand-name clothing.
4. A. The man is concerned about critics’ comments on the show.
B. The man doubts that the woman’s paintings will sell well.
C. The woman is confident in the sales of her paintings.
D. The woman dreams of becoming a critic someday.
5. A. He didn’t expect to get full marks.
B. He needs to find a new part-time job.
C. The woman must have done well in the exam.
D. The woman didn’t tell him anything about her job.
6. A. She is fully engaged. B. She doesn’t like parties.
C. She has an invitation already. D. She questions the man’s purpose.
7. A. He was held up by the traffic jam. B. He failed to phone the woman’s secretary.
C. He was a stranger to the place. D. He forgot where to meet the woman.
8. A. The man made a bad suggestion. B. The woman took the man’s advice.
C. The woman has taught Jim in a pleasant way. D. The man has spoiled the peaceful atmosphere.
9. A. Pointless. B. Out-of-date. C. Informative. D. Amusing.
10. A. The man forgot to go to the cinema with the woman.
B. Both of the speakers enjoyed the film.
C. An exciting film will be on next week.
D. The woman was interested in exploring space.
Section B:
Directions in Section B, you will hear several longer conversations and passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversations and the passages. The conversations and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. His father seldom asked others to help with the work.
B. Her was considered to be able to take the responsibility.
C. He was he first one to undertake the job in bis family.
D. His father gave him six dollars for his efforts.
12. A. His father scolded him severely.
B. His father took back the money.
C. His father made him do the cutting again.
D. His father cut the leaves himself.
13. A. One can benefit a lot from working with his father.
B. Manual laborers shouldn’t be looked down upon.
C. One should always take his job seriously.
D. Teenagers tend to be careless.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. The loss of their careers. B. The passing away of their friends.
C. The failing of their memory. D. The decline of their physical health.
15. A. Both depend on genes. B. Both need some kind of exercise.
C. Both have connections with thinking. D. Both can be enhanced without efforts.
16. A. It records users’ progress. B. It varies users’ muscle use.
C. It offers users medical advice. D. It encourages users to give feedback.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.
17. A. To get a driver’s license. B. to prepare for the written test.
C. To get familiar with the rules. D. To see whether he has practiced well.
18. A In a school zone. B. In a neighbourhood.
C. In a commercial area. D. In an examination building.
19. A. He hit a passer-by. B. He got on a pedestrian street.
C. He crashed into another vehicle. D. He forgot to signal when baking a turn.
20. A. Come on Friday to take her place. B. Have more driving lessons.
C. Take the test with another officer. D. Get his car checked thoroughly.
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary: 20%
Section A
Directions:
Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1. The poor slave________ from morning till night.
A. made to work B. was made working
C. was made work D. was made to work
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词用法。句意：这个可怜的奴隶被迫从早到晚地工作。make sb. do sth.使得某人做某事。其中make后面的不定式短语要省略to，但是变为被动结构时，不定式短语要带to，即be made to do sth. 故选D。
2 This shirt________ much softer than that one.
A. is feeling B. is felt C. feels D. was feeling
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查感官动词的用法。句意：这件衬衫摸起来比那件柔软得多。feel意为“摸起来”，是感官动词，用主动表被动，且句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语This shirt是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数feels，故选C。
3. Great changes________ in Shanghai in the last 10 years.
A. are taken place B. have taken place
C. have been taken place D. are being taken place
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的十年里，上海发生了巨大的变化。take place发生，为不及物动词短语，所以无被动语态。根据句中时间状语in the last 10 years可知，用现在完成时。故选B。
4. By the end of last year another new gymnasium ______ in Beijing.
A. would be completed B. was being completed
C. has been completed D. had been completed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：到去年年底为止，在北京，另外一座新的体育馆已经被建成了。本题的解题关键是by到......时为止，该词要和完成时连用，本句by后面有last year，使用过去完成时的时态。故D正确。
5. -Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favor?
-Of course. What is it?
-1______ if you could tell me how to fill out this form.
A. had wondered B. was wondering
C. would wonder D. did wonder
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态：句意：---对不起，先生，你能帮我个忙吗?---当然。是什么？---我想知道你能不能告诉我怎么填这个表格。根据句意可知，本句为过去进行时。故选B。
6. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _______ from the university next year．
A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：到下一年从大学毕业为止，他已经学了八年英语。by the time 引导的时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来，故选C。
7. If city noises________ from increasing, people________ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.
A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have to
C. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：如果不阻止城市噪音的增加，即使在吃饭的时候，人们也必须大声喊叫才能被听到。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为if引导的条件状语从句，主句应用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。keep…from doing意为“阻止……做某事”，从句中主语city noises与keep之间为被动关系，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。have to意为“不得不”，主句应用一般将来时。故选A。
8. The telephone________ four times in the last hour, and each time it________ for my roommate.
A. has rung; was B. has been ringing; is
C. had rung; was D. rang; has been
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的一个小时里，电话响了四次，每次都是找我室友的。第一空根据后文“four times in the last hour”可知表示在过去的一段时间内已经发生过的事情，应用现在完成时；第二空描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，主语为it，谓语用单数。故选A。
9. Shirley ________ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished.
A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：雪莉去年在写一本关于中国的书，但我不知道她是否写完了。根据“but I don’t know whether she has finished.”和时间状语last year可知，用过去进行时，表示过去一段时间一直从事的活动。故选D。
10. Was it the third time he________ in China, succeeding the show in Beijing last year and his recital in Shanghai in January.
A. had performed B. performed C. has performed D. performs
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和过去完成时。句意：继去年在北京的演出和今年1月在上海的独奏之后，这是他第三次在中国演出吗？句子是一般疑问句，还原成陈述句是It was third time he________ in China，it was the+序数词+that sb. had done sth.是固定句型，意为“这是某人第几次做某事”，因此空格处是过去完成时had performed，故选A。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. distraction B. aired C. content D. stretch E. source F. goal
G. signature H. keen I. catering J. recall K. processed
A taste of the simple life
Documentary team ignores top-class chefs and grand restaurants to focus on the joys of home cooking, Li Yingxue reports.
Food documentaries are ___11___ to a growing appetite in China as their quantity increases and cuisine variety expands. While most focus on popular restaurants in busting cities, director Wang Shengzhi chooses a different path-he tuns his lens to people’s kitchens in small towns.
“Eating is to repair oneself, if you go to a restaurant and order several dishes randomly, it can’t fix you. A bustling restaurant is a ___12___,” Wang says. “On countless occasions. I ___13___ that when I was a child, eating was such a simple thing that brought me huge satisfaction. Why? Because food is made by families.”
Directed by Wang, food documentary Taste of Home premiered online through video platform iQiyi and ___14___ on Fujian’s South East TV on April 7, so far receiving a rating of 8.2 points out of 10 on the review platform Douban.
Each episode, about 17 minutes long, introduces two ___15___ dishes from local families in two counties or villages. The audience can follow the food’s preparation and cooking while learning the stories of the families and the food.
Wang thinks the taste of home is about memory-even though someone may have visited countless restaurants, they will always yearn for the homemade dish that propels them back to the safety and warmth of childhood.
He is ___16___ to show that there is not a right or wrong way to cook. “There is no certain recipe for any dish, as the way to cook it can differ from family to family, but the one thing they all have in common is that they are made with love,” Wang says, adding that the dish is always cooked for loved ones or close friends.
One key factor for Wang when selecting an interviewee was their kitchen, as he required a traditional setup with a firewood stove. And most of the dishes that appear in the series use ingredients from the cooks’ own fields or backyards. “In this documentary I want to show that all ingredients have their ___17___, whether it’s the pigs raised by those in show, or the vegetables grown in their fields.”
In Wang’s mind, city life cuts people’s time into minutes and seconds, while in villages, time can ___18___. They will eat tomatoes when they are ripe. If not, they will just wait.
At the end of each episode, be poses a question, which the locals then answer for the viewer, usually about their dialects or customs. Wang says that the ___19___ of the segment (片段) is to take the audience on a tip back to their hometown.
“There are no conflicts in the documentary. Instead, it’s showcasing a feeling of family,” he says. “The theme of the documentary is not about heroes but ordinary people.”
“Hopefully, we can use an expression that attracts a younger audience to pass on our values. Our goal is to be the top ___20___ producers in the food documentary sector in China.”
【答案】11. I 12. A
13. J 14. B
15. G 16. H
17. E 18. D
19. F 20. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今美食纪录片拍摄重点放在了家常菜上的趋势，随着纪录片数量的增加和菜肴种类的增多，美食纪录片迎合了中国人日益增长的胃口。介绍了美食纪录片《家的味道》的导演对于拍摄的一些心得体会。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：随着纪录片数量的增加和菜肴种类的增多，美食纪录片迎合了中国人日益增长的胃口。根据后文to a growing appetite in China以及句意“迎合”可知应填动词cater，此处为现在进行时。故填catering。故选I。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：熙熙攘攘的餐厅会让人分心。空处作表语，表示“分心”应填名词distraction，冠词提示用单数。故填distraction。故选A。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：我记得当我还是个孩子的时候，吃是一件如此简单的事情，却给我带来了巨大的满足。空处作谓语，表示“回想，记起”应填动词recall，此处为一般现在时。故填recall。故选J。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：由王执导的美食纪录片《家的味道》于4月7日在视频平台爱奇艺上首播，并在福建东南卫视播出。到目前为止，这部纪录片在豆瓣上获得8.2分（满分10分）的好评。表示“播出”应填动词air，结合上文premiered可知为一般过去时。故填aired。故选B。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：每集约17分钟，介绍两种来自两个县或村庄的当地家庭的招牌菜。结合句意表示“招牌菜”可知短语为signature dishes。故填signature。故选G。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他热衷于证明烹饪方法没有对错之分。结合句意表示“热衷于”可知短语为be keen to。故填keen。故选H。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：在这部纪录片中，我想展示所有的食材都有其来源，无论是展出的猪，还是他们田地里种植的蔬菜。空处作宾语，表示“来源”应填名词source，故填source。故选E。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：在王看来，城市生活将人们的时间分割成分和秒，而在乡村，时间可以延长。空处作谓语，表示“延长”应填动词stretch，can后跟动词原形。故填stretch。故选D。
【19题详解】
考查名词。句意：王说，这个节目的目的是要把观众带回到他们的家乡。作从句的主语，表示“目的”应用名词goal，此处为特指，应用单数。故填goal。故选F。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们的目标是成为中国食品纪录片领域的顶级内容制作人。结合句意表示“内容制作人”短语为content producer。故填content。故选C。
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension: 30%
Section A 15%
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
There is a saying, “Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery (奉承).” This may be true, but in the art world fakes are unaccepted, to say the least. ___21___, selling fake art can be a criminal offense. When a painting is discovered that might have been painted by one of the great masters, it causes a sensation in the art world. However, for every great work, there are many fakes. There are also ___22___ imitations, paintings that were created in the style of a master painter and later ___23___ attributed to the master himself. Scientists are working on new technology that may aid art ___24___ in answering the question: Masterpiece or masterful imitation?
Most master painters have had their works imitated over the years, and even the experts have been ___25___ by some of these imitations. The National Gallery of Scotland once reportedly had an exhibit of five paintings of the same subject, all attributed to Leonardo. It turned out that at least three of the works were ___26___. Today, by some estimates, 15 percent of the art sold at auction houses may not be authentic.
Art historians, with their knowledge of the works of a particular artist, are often asked to authenticate art. ___27___ their knowledge of the subject, these scholars use science and technology to ___28___ if a work of art was created by a particular artist. The materials used in the painting are often ___29___ and X-rayed. Now, art historians may have another technological tool to help their process.
Scientists have developed a new authentications technique that analyzes and classifies paintings based on a digital analysis of the artist’s style. The process works by finding the consistency and ____30____ in an artist’s work. In an experiment, the model automatically identified the authenticated works by Pieter Bruegel the Elder, ____31____ them from five imitations. Stuart Fleming, author of Authenticity in Art, thinks the technology could “revolutionize ____32____ of many sincere imitations.”
Nonetheless, some art historians are ____33____ about the new technique. “It’s an interesting idea. But before curators and art historians will jump in and use this, I think a much larger sample of work has to be tested,” said the curator at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
For now, museum curators and auction houses don’t seem as interested in the technology as the scientists are. There may be a(n) ____34____ reason for that. “If you spent 80 million dollars to buy a painting, I don’t think you’d be eager to know that it’s a fake,” Farid said. “It’s a dirty little secret that a lot of paintings are not ____35____.”
21. A. Moreover B. Thus C. In fact D. For example
22. A. reliable B. particular C. diligent D. sincere
23. A. mistakenly B. rightly C. currently D. effectively
24. A. operators B. donors C. authorities D. historians
25. A. accounted for B. taken in C. made up for D. come across
26. A. masterpieces B. assignments C. copies D. worships
27. A. In addition to B. In contrast to C. In terms of D. In reference to
28. A. define B. qualify C. specify D. determine
29. A. enlarged B. analysed C. prolonged D. summarized
30. A. inconsistency B. inconvenience C. indifferences D. insignificance
31. A. modifying B. separating C. organizing D. restoring
32. A. accommodation B. comparison C. identification D. description
33. A. humble B. doubtful C. visible D. beneficial
34. A. faint B. artificial C. economic D. obvious
35. A. authentic B. fake C. sincere D. reliable
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了在艺术界，赝品无数，科学家发明了一种新的鉴定技术，可以帮助鉴定艺术品的真假。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，出售赝品可以构成刑事犯罪。A. Moreover而且；B. Thus因此；C. In fact事实上；D. For example例如。上文讲“虽说模仿是最真诚的恭维，但至少在艺术界，伪造是不可接受的”，下文作了进一步的补充“事实上，出售赝品可以构成刑事犯罪”，in fact用于补充上文细节，表示“事实上”。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也有诚恳的仿制品，这些仿制品是按照大师的风格创作的，后来被错误地认为是大师本人的作品。A. reliable可靠的；B. particular特别的；C. diligent勤奋的；D. sincere诚恳的。根据第四段“Stuart Fleming, author of Authenticity in Art, thinks the technology could ‘ revolutionize 12 of many sincere imitations.’”可知，应使用sincere imitations，表示“诚恳的仿制品”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：也有诚恳的仿制品，这些仿制品是按照大师的风格创作的，后来被错误地认为是大师本人的作品。A. mistakenly错误地；B. rightly正确地；C. currently当前；D. effectively有效地。根据“paintings that were created in the style of a master painter”可知，这些作品并不是大师本人所创作，所以是被误认为是大师作品。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们正在研究一种新技术，这种新技术可能会帮助艺术历史学家回答这个问题：杰作还是高超的模仿? A. operators操作员；B. donors捐献者；C. authorities权威人士；D. historians历史学家。根据第三段“Art historians, with their knowledge of the works of a particular artist, are often asked to authenticate art.”可知，是art historians在鉴别真假艺术品。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：多年来，大多数绘画大师的作品都被人模仿过，甚至连专家也被其中一些仿制品骗了。A. accounted for占；B. taken in欺骗；C. made up for弥补；D. come across偶遇。根据下文所述“The National Gallery of Scotland曾展出过被认为出自达·芬奇之手的五幅画，但其中至少三幅是仿品”可知，专家也会被欺骗。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，其中至少有三幅作品是复制品。A. masterpieces代表作；B. assignments任务；C. copies复制品；D. worships崇拜。根据句中“It turned out that at least three of the works...”可知，结果出乎意料，国家美术馆美术馆展出了赝品。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：除了他们的学科知识，这些学者使用科学和技术来确定一件艺术品是否由特定的艺术家创作。A. In addition to除……之外（还有）；B. In contrast to与……形成对照；C. In terms of依据；D. In reference to关于。根据常识可知，“their knowledge of the subject”和“science and technology”都是学者们用来鉴定艺术品的办法，in addition to表示“除……之外（还有）”。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了他们的学科知识，这些学者使用科学和技术来判定一件艺术品是否由特定的艺术家创作。A. define给……下定义；B. qualify使具有资格；C. specify明确指出；D. determine判定。根据上文“Art historians, with their knowledge of the works of a particular artist, are often asked to authenticate art.”可知，这些是鉴别艺术品真假的学者，所以他们要判定(determine)艺术品的作者。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作画所用的材料常常要经过分析和X光检查。A. enlarged扩大；B. analysed分析；C. prolonged拉长；D. summarized总结。结合常识和句中“X-rayed”可推知，判定艺术品的真伪需要对材料做检测与分析。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个过程就是在艺术家的作品中寻找一致性和不一致性。A. inconsistency不一致；B. inconvenience不便；C. indifferences漠不关心；D. insignificance无意义。根据常识和句中“finding the consistency”可推知，鉴别真假需要分析比对，找一致的地方，也要找不一样的地方。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一次实验中，该模型自动识别出Pieter Bruegel the Elder的真品，并将它们与五件仿制品区分开。A. modifying修饰；B. separating分离；C. organizing组织；D. restoring恢复。根据句中“the model automatically identified the authenticated works ”可知，该模型成功识别真假作品，也就是说它把真作品与赝品区分开了。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：《艺术中的真实性》一书的作者斯图尔特•弗莱明认为，这项技术可能会给鉴别赝品带来革命性的变化。A. accommodation膳宿；B. comparison比较；C. identification识别；D. description描述。根据上文可知，这一技术成功识别真假作品，所以它会给赝品的识别(identification)带来革命性的变化。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，一些艺术史学家对这种新技术持怀疑态度。A. humble谦逊的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. visible明显的；D. beneficial有益的。根据下文“But before curators and art historians will jump in and use this, I think a much larger sample of work has to be tested”可知，这些艺术史学家认为还需要更多测试，对这一技术还持怀疑态度。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词义辨析。句意：这可能有经济上的原因。A. faint微弱的；B. artificial人造的；C. economic经济的；D. obvious明显的。根据下文“If you spent 80 million dollars to buy a painting, I don’t think you’d be eager to know that it’s a fake,”可知，博物馆馆长和拍卖行怕被检测出高价买来的藏品的赝品，所以对这一鉴定技术不感兴趣。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词义辨析。句意：很多画都不是真品，这是一个令人不快的小秘密。A. authentic真正的；B. fake伪造的；C. sincere衷心的；D. reliable可靠的。根据上文所说“博物馆馆长和拍卖行对这一鉴定技术不感兴趣”和句中“a dirty little secret”可知，他们很多画都不是真品。故选A项。
Section B 11 %
Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passages is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
They are the planet’s closest living evolutionary link to Tyrannosaurus rex (霸王龙) and contribute hugely t0 our notional diet, but Dow the humble chicken is coming into its own in Britain as the productive pet of choice.
What began several years ago as a trend among town residents with large gardens has now exploded into an entire industry, say experts. Pet shops and garden centres stock chicken feed, while poultry (家禽) producers are scrambling to keep up with demand for birds. Dozens of manufactures are producing hen house in every shape and size-and for every budget
This weekend the South of England show at Ardingly, West Sussex, the biggest annual agricultural event in the south-east, took poultry as its theme in response to what organizers called “an incredible increase in population of keeping poultry”.
And it’s not only hens, but ducks, too. “A lot of it is the horsemeat scandal; people just want to be more connected to their food,” said the show’s Paula Seager.
Next week sees the publication of the latest book in Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall’s River Cottage series. Titled Chicken & Eggs, it is a step-by-step guide for beginners written by Mark Dincono.
Poultry expert Andy Marshall writes the Poultryman’s Diary in Practical Poultry, the bestselling of several British magazines devoted to the subject. “The chicken house has become a bit of a must-have add-on for every garden now,” he said. “More and more people are trying to keep hens and more and more people would like to do it. We’re seeing lots of schools starting to get involved and there is a huge increase of interest in pure breeds. All this enthusiasm is wonderful, but we do have a lot of people buying birds who don’t have a clue, and I am concerned for the welfare of all the birds being sold out there. Today’s society loves a quick fix, and while chickens are very easy to care for and to enjoy getting eggs from, they do need to be fed and looked after, so do a bit of basic research before you rush off and buy your hen house and your four chickens.”
With the agriculture sector hit by dreadful weather and high feed costs, this feathered trend of DIY poultry-keeping is helping British chicken breeds to thrive.
“In terms of the industry, it’s massive: You can buy fertilized eggs to hatch out chickens on eBay, and hen houses at your local garden centre,” said Marshall. “Poultry has become very big business.”
36. Why did the South of England Show take poultry as the theme?
A. Because they are the planet’s closest living evolutionary link to Tyrannosaurus rex.
B. Because their flesh is British people’s major source of food.
C. Because they are the objects of experts’ scientific researches.
D. Because keeping poultry has become an increasingly popular trend.
37. Where can beginners of poultry get access to a step-by-step guide?
A. In the book titled Chicken & Eggs.
B. At the South of England show at Ardingly, West Sussex.
C. From agricultural experts.
D. In a British magazine titled the Poultryman’ Diary in Practical Poultry.
38. What are poultry experts such as Andy Marshall worried about?
A. The horse meat scandal.
B. People’s enthusiasm for keeping poultry will fade.
C. The poultry won’t be taken good care of.
D. The welfare of the people who have bought birds.
39. What does the underlined phrase “fertilized eggs” probably mean?
A. Eggs produced by the massive industry. B. Eggs nurtured with fertilizers.
C. Eggs in which young animals develop. D. Eggs of high quality.
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. C 39. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国城镇居民家禽饲养的趋势越来越流行。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“What began several years ago as a trend among town residents with large gardens has now exploded into an entire industry, say experts. Pet shops and garden centres stock chicken feed, while poultry (家禽) producers are scrambling to keep up with demand for birds. Dozens of manufactures are producing hen house in every shape and size-and for every budget（专家们说，几年前作为拥有大花园的城镇居民的趋势，现在已经发展为整个行业。宠物店和花园中心都在储备鸡肉饲料，而家禽生产商则在努力跟上对禽类的需求。数十家制造商正在生产各种形状和大小以及各种预算的母鸡舍）”和第三段“This weekend the South of England show at Ardingly, West Sussex, the biggest annual agricultural event in the south-east, took poultry as its theme in response to what organizers called “an incredible increase in population of keeping poultry”.(本周末，在西苏塞克斯郡的阿蒂林举行的南英格兰展是东南部最大的年度农业活动，以家禽为主题，以回应组织者所说的“饲养家禽的人口难以置信的增长”。)”可知，南英格兰展以家禽为主题是因为饲养家禽已经成为一种越来越流行的趋势。故选D。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Titled Chicken & Eggs, it is a step-by-step guide for beginners written by Mark Dincono. (这本书名为《鸡和蛋》，由Mark Dincono编写，是一本循序渐进的入门指南。)”可知，家禽初学者可以在《鸡和蛋》一书中获得循序渐进的指南。故选A。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第六段“All this enthusiasm is wonderful, but we do have a lot of people buying birds who don’t have a clue, and I am concerned for the welfare of all the birds being sold out there. Today’s society loves a quick fix, and while chickens are very easy to care for and to enjoy getting eggs from, they do need to be fed and looked after, so do a bit of basic research before you rush off and buy your hen house and your four chickens. (所有这些热情都很棒，但我们确实有很多人买禽却不知道，我很担心所有被卖的禽的福利。今天的社会喜欢速战速战，虽然鸡很容易照顾，也喜欢从鸡身上取蛋，但它们确实需要喂养和照顾，所以在匆忙去买鸡舍和四只鸡之前，做一些基础研究。)”可推断，像安迪·马歇尔这样的家禽专家担心家禽不会被照顾好。故选C。
【39题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后半句“to hatch out chickens ”(来孵化小鸡)”并结合常识可知，fertilized eggs为“受精卵”之意，即幼小动物发育的卵。故选C。
（B）
measure ['meʒə] noun, verb
●noun
1.[C, often pl.] an action that is intended to achieve or deal with something: a temporary measure to stop the problem, taken stronger measures against drug abuse
2. [C] an amount of a particular quality that is neither large nor small
3.[+of] a way of judging something: a measure of one’s ability
4.[C] an object such as a RULER used for finding out a particular measurement 4a a system used for expressing a particular quantity: liquid and dry measures
[PHR] ①be a measure of sth to show how good a particular quality is ②beyond measure very large great: The beauty of the West Lake is beyond measure. ③for good measure as a way of making something complete or better. Add some salt to the soup for good measure. ④the full measure of sth something at is strongest, most powerful etc.: We were treated to the full measure of her anger. ⑤take sb’s measure to know or understand what someone is really like so that you can decide how to deal with them or defeat them. ⑥half measures action that fails to deal with something completely or effectively. ⑦in full measure to the greatest degree or in the largest amount
[IDM] ①measure for measure: to do something harmful or unpleasant to someone because they have done something harmful or unpleasant to you ②for good measure as an extra part ③keep measures with: be not mean to
●verb
1. to find the exact size, amount speed etc. of something using a special tool or special equipment: measure the distance between the two points/measure the atmospheric gases responsible for the or one destruction
2.[linking verb] to be a particular size: The room measures about 12 feet by 13 feet
3. to find the size of someone’s body in order to buy or make clothes for them: measure sb. for a new suit
4. [often passive] to form an opinion about how good or bad something is
5.[PHRV]
1. measure off: to measure a particular length, width, height etc, often at a point where something is to be cut: He took a piece of cloth and measured off a couple of meters.
2. measure out: to take a particular amount of something from a larger amount
3. measure up ①to be good enough. ②to measure something in preparation for making, building, or fitting something else. I measure up the boards and then Joe cuts them into pieces.
40. —The manager lost his face at the meeting yesterday as the employees spoke out against him.
—I think the punishment is________ because he is always rude to us.
A. for good measure B. a measure of him
C. measure for measure D. beyond measure
41. If a car does not________ to the standard or expectations of customers. it won’t sell well on the market.
A. measure up B. measure out
C. measure off D. measure about
42 Which of the following italicized ‘measure’ does not agree with the others in meaning?
A. Their joys and laughs were a good measure of satisfaction with the meal.
B. Record sales are not always a measure of a singer’s popularity.
C. With the exception of Jordan, each achieved a measure of success.
D The headmaster has no reliable measure of the damage done to his reputation.
【答案】40. C 41. A 42. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章是从字典上摘录下来的一个关于measure的用法英文解释及其用法。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章中“[IDM] ①measure for measure: to do something harmful or unpleasant to someone because they have done something harmful or unpleasant to you ([习语]一报还一报:因为别人做了对你有害或不愉快的事，所以对别人做了有害或不愉快的事)”可知，measure for measure为“一报还一报；恶有恶报”之意，符合所给语境。故选C。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章中“3. measure up ①to be good enough. ②to measure something in preparation for making, building, or fitting something else. (3. measure up ①足够好；合格。②为制造、建造或安装其他东西而测量。)”可知，如果一辆车没有达到顾客的标准或期望。它在市场上卖不好。故选A。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。A.Their joys and laughs were a good measure of satisfaction with the meal.（他们的欢声笑语很好地说明了他们对这顿饭的满意程度。）B.Record sales are not always a measure of a singer’s popularity.（唱片销量并不总是衡量歌手受欢迎程度的标准。） C.With the exception of Jordan, each achieved a measure of success.（除了约旦，每个国家都取得了一定程度的成功。）D.The headmaster has no reliable measure of the damage done to his reputation.（校长不知道他的声誉受到了多大的损害。）结合每个选项的语境不难发现ABD选项都有“是某物品性好的证明”之意，而C选项中a measure of意为“一定程度的”。故选C。
（C）
“Wanna buy a body?” That was the opening line of more than a few phone calls I got from self-employed photographers when I was a photo editor at U.S. New. Like many in the mainstream press, I wanted to separate the world of photographers into “them”, who trade in pictures of bodies or run after famous people like Princess Diana, and “us”, the serious newspeople. But after 16 years in that role, I came to wonder whether the two worlds were easily distinguishable.
Working in the reputable world of journalism, I told photographers to cover other people’s difficult life situations. I justified marching into moments of sadness, under the appearance of the reader’s right to know. I worked with professionals talking their way into situations or shooting from behind police lines. And I wasn’t alone.
In any American town, after a car crash or some other horrible incident when ordinary people are hurt or killed, you rarely see photographers pushing past rescue workers to take photos of the blood and injuries. But you are likely to see local newspaper and television photographers on the scene-and fast...
How can we justify doing this? Journalists are taught to separate, doing the job from worrying about the consequences of publishing what they record. Repeatedly, they are reminded of a news-business saying: Leave your conscience in the office. A victim may lie bleeding, unconscious, or dead. Your job is to record the image. You’re a photographer, not an emergency medical worker. You put away your feelings and document the scene.
But catastrophic events often bring out the worst in photographers and photo editors. In the first minutes and hours after a disaster occurs, photo agencies buy pictures. They rush to obtain the rights to be the only one to own these shocking images and death is usually the subject Often, an agency buys a picture from a local newspaper or an amateur photographer and puts it up for bid by major magazines. The most sought-after special pictures commend tens of thousands of dollars through bidding contests.
I worked on all those stories and many like them. When they happen, you move quickly: buying, dealing, trying to beat the agencies to the pictures.
Now, many people believe journalists are the hypocrites(伪君子) who need to be brought down, and it’s our pictures that most anger others. Readers may not believe, as we do, that there is a distinction between clear-minded ‘us" and mean-spirited “them”. In too many cases, by our choices of images as well as how we get them, we prove our readers right.
43. We can learn from the passage that________.
A. The author told photographers to take pictures of people’s happy life situations
B. Professional newspeople may talk their way into situations or shooting from behind police lines
C. In America, local newspaper and television photographers rarely push on the scene to take pictures of the victims
D. In America, photographers always push past rescue workers to take pictures of the victims
44. When journalists are working, they are told to________.
A. work with their conscience B. respect the privacy of the victim
C. separate their work from feelings D. ask police for permission to take photos
45. The 5th and 6th paragraphs mainly tell us that________.
A. speed determines the success of a news story
B. photo agencies are greedier than serious newspeople
C. photographers have free access to photos of accidents
D. profit is the driving force behind the competition for photos
46. It can be learned from the last paragraph that serious newspeople________.
A. obtain photos differently from news agencies
B. are no better than self-employed photographers
C. are more devoted to work than non-professionals
D. have a higher moral standard than self-employed photographers
【答案】43 C 44. C 45. D 46. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过描述记者和摄影师的职责，告诉我们他们的不同。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In any American town, after a car crash or some other horrible incident when ordinary people are hurt or killed, you rarely see photographers pushing past rescue workers to take photos of the blood and injuries.(在美国的任何一个城镇，在发生车祸或其他恐怖事件后，当普通人受伤或死亡时，你很少会看到摄影师挤过救援人员给满是给鲜血和受伤的人拍照。)”可知，在美国，当地报纸和电视台的摄影师很少到现场给受害者拍照。故选C。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Your job is to record the image. You’re a photographer, not an emergency medical worker. You put away your feelings and document the scene.( 你们的工作是记录影像。你是摄影师不是处理紧急事件的医务工作者。抛开你的感情,只管记录事件。)”可知，当记者在工作时，他们被告知要把工作和感情分开。故选C。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“They rush to obtain the rights to be the only one to own these shocking images and death is usually the subject Often, an agency buys a picture from a local newspaper or an amateur photographer and puts it up for bid by major magazines.( 他们急于获得权利，成为唯一拥有这些令人震惊的照片的人，而死亡通常是主题。通常，一家机构从当地报纸或业余摄影师那里购买一张照片，然后把它放到主要杂志上竞标。)”及第六段可知，这两段告诉我们摄影师去竞争独家照片是有利益驱使的。故选D。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In too many cases, by our choices of images as well as how we get them, we prove our readers right. (在太多的时候，我们通过新闻照片的选择和得到这些照片的方式证明那些读者的想法是正确的。)”可知，作者想表达的观点是读者认为记者是“伪君子”的看法是对的，所谓严肃的新闻人其实和自由摄影师没有根本的差别。故选B。
Section C 4%
Directions; Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Guns have a special place in American culture, and though not everyone agrees on whether or not they are a good thing, there is no mistaking that they will be part of the cultural landscape for some time. To answer the question, no, not everyone has a gun. ____47____
Americans use guns for one of two uses: either for sport, where they can use them on firing ranges or for hunting in approved areas, or for self-protection. The latter is where most people begin to take sides, either arguing for the removal of guns from society or allowing more people to have them. There are organizations and community groups for both sides and both sides have strong feelings.
Legally, there are restrictions on gun owners. ____48____ Only certain kinds of weapons can be purchased by the public, and that excludes automatic weapon and military grade weaponry. Gun owners must transport their weapon in a safe way, unloaded and in most cases, out of sight. Special—concealed carry permits from the police station must be obtained for people who want to wear weapon, and most people are rejected for this kind of permit. ____49____ Criminals steal guns or buy them illegally to commit crimes, and the news is full of terrible stories of what happened next. Occasionally a child will get a hold of legal weapon and accidentally hurt themselves or others.
It is important to remember, however, that the news stories that make the United States seem like a dangerous place are deceiving; guns are not everywhere or constant. ____50____ After all, America is a safe place to live.
A. You are only allowed to purchase a firearm if you have had a background check and meet certain legal requirements.
B. There have been many enlightening articles on gun control in America.
C. If you were to visit the United States for two months the only gun you might see is in a museum or on a police officer.
D. Less than fifty percent of homes in the United States own weapons, and many of those homes are in rural areas where guns may have a greater use.
E. More people are deciding to legalize their gun transactions instead of buying them on the black market.
F. What alarms people the most about American gun culture are the illegal guns and shooting, which make some places feel unsafe.
【答案】47. D 48. A 49. F 50. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的枪支文化，并告诉我们一个事实：在美国枪不是无处不在的。
【47题详解】
根据上文“To answer the question, no, not everyone has a gun. (回答这个问题，不，不是每个人都有枪。)”可知，上文阐述的是在美国并非每个人都有枪，D项意为“在美国，只有不到50%的家庭拥有武器，其中许多家庭位于农村地区，在那里枪支的使用量可能更大。”选项能够承接上文，在美国并非每个人都有枪，只有不到50%的家庭拥有武器。故选D。
【48题详解】
根据上文“Legally, there are restrictions on gun owners. (在法律上，对枪支拥有者有限制。)”可知，本段阐述的是对枪支拥有者的限制，A项意为“只有在经过背景调查并符合某些法律要求的情况下，你才被允许购买枪支。”选项能够承接上文，具体阐述了对枪支拥有者有限制，只有在经过背景调查并符合某些法律要求的情况下，你才能购买枪支。故选A。
【49题详解】
根据后文“Criminals steal guns or buy them illegally to commit crimes, and the news is full of terrible stories of what happened next. Occasionally a child will get a hold of legal weapon and accidentally hurt themselves or others. (罪犯偷枪或非法购买枪支犯罪，新闻中充斥着接下来发生的可怕故事。偶尔，孩子会拿着合法武器，意外地伤害自己或他人。)”可知，这里阐述的是非法枪支带来的危害以及孩子们持枪所引发的意外，F项意为“关于美国枪支文化，最让人们警觉的是非法枪支和枪击，这让一些地方感到不安全。”选项能够引起下文，下文所举的例子正是“非法枪支和枪击”带来的危害。故选F。
【50题详解】
根据上文“It is important to remember, however, that the news stories that make the United States seem like a dangerous place are deceiving; guns are not everywhere or constant. (然而，重要的是要记住，使美国看起来像一个危险的地方的新闻报道是有欺骗性的；枪不是无处不在的，也不是固定不变的。)”可知，最后一段阐述的是关于美国枪支文化的危险性的报道是不真实的，在美国，枪不是无处不在的，C项意为“如果你要去美国旅游两个月，你可能会看到的唯一的枪是在博物馆里或警察身上。”选项能够承接上文，进一步解释了上文的“guns are not everywhere”， 枪不是无处不在的，你可能会看到的唯一的枪是在博物馆里或警察身上。故选C。
Ⅳ. Spelling: 5%
Directions: Write out the words according to the relevant definitions. The first letter is given to you.
51. s________ a plan that lists all the work you have to do
52. d________ using a system of electronic signals to send or receive information
53. r________ the normal order in which you regularly do things
54. a________ to gain something by your own efforts
55. s________ having a higher level in a school
56. r________ practice (sth.) you are going to do or say; practice (a play, a concert, etc.)
57. i________ a particular example or case of something
58. r________ doing or saying the same thing again once or more than once
59. a________ gradually get more and more of sth. over a period of time
60. d________ careful and hard effort
【答案】51. schedule
52. digital
53. routine
54. acquire
55. senior 56. rehearse
57. instance
58. repetition
59. accumulate
60. diligence
【解析】
【分析】
【51题详解】
考查名词。根据英文提示“a plan that lists all the work you have to do(列出你要做的所有工作的计划)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为名词schedule，表示“时间表，日程，计划”之意。故填schedule。
【52题详解】
考查形容词。根据英文提示“using a system of electronic signals to send or receive information(用电子信号系统发送或接收信息的)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为形容词digital，表示“数字信息系统的；数码的数字式的”之意。故填digital。
【53题详解】
考查名词。根据英文提示“the normal order in which you regularly do things (你经常做事情的正常顺序)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为名词routine，表示“常规；正常顺序”之意。故填routine。
【54题详解】
考查动词。根据英文提示“to gain something by your own efforts (通过自己的努力获得一些东西)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为动词acquire，表示“获得，取得”之意。故填acquire。
【55题详解】
考查形容词。根据英文提示“having a higher level in a school (在学校有较高水平的)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为形容词senior，表示“高级的”之意。故填senior。
【56题详解】
考查动词。根据英文提示“practice (sth.) you are going to do or say; practice (a play, a concert, etc.) (练习(某事物)你将要做或说；练习(戏剧、音乐会等)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为动词rehearse，表示“参加彩排；详述；复述”之意。故填rehearse。
【57题详解】
考查名词。根据英文提示“a particular example or case of something (某事物的特殊例子或情况)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为名词instance，表示“例子；场合；情况”之意。故填instance。
【58题详解】
考查名词。根据英文提示“doing or saying the same thing again once or more than once (反复地做或说同一件事一次或多次)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为名词repetition，表示“重复；反复”之意。故填repetition。
【59题详解】
考查动词。根据英文提示“gradually get more and more of sth. over a period of time (在一段时间内逐渐得到越来越多的某物)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为动词accumulate，表示“积累；增加；聚集”之意。故填accumulate。
【60题详解】
考查名词。根据英文提示“careful and hard effort (认真努力)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为名词diligence，表示“勤奋”之意。故填diligence。
Ⅴ. Recitation: 5%
Directions: Fill in each blank with a missing word according to the text.
61. Learning English is ______ easy. It takes ...（根据句意填空）
【答案】by no means
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：学英语一点也不容易。它需要……。 by no means绝不，一点也不。根据句意，故填by no means。
62. You can not expect to gain ______ of English without sustained hard work. （根据句意填空）
【答案】a good command
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：如果不坚持不懈地努力，你就不能指望精通英语。a good command of精通，熟练掌握。根据句意，故填a good command。
63. If you cram your head with too many new words at a time, some of them ______ crowded out. （根据句意填空）
【答案】are bound to be
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：如果你一次死记硬背太多的新单词，其中一些肯定会被遗忘。根据句意可知，一次死记硬背太多的新单词，一些单词必然会被忘记，be bound to do...为固定短语，表示“必定会……”，因为主语some of them是复数，所以用are bound to...；crowd out意为“挤出”，根据句意可知，单词是“被挤出”，因使用被动语态be crowded out综上，应填入are bound to be。
64. While active words demand ______ and useful words must be committed to memory, words that do not often occur in everyday situations require just a ______（根据句意填空）
【答案】 ①. constant practice ②. nodding acquaintance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。动词 demand后接名词作宾语。constant practice经常练习。不定冠词a后接可数名词。nodding acquaintance 不完整或肤浅的知识；相识不深的人。根据句意，故填constant practice; nodding acpuaintance。
65. One looks ______, the other is poor, but then the shoeshine boy shows us his favourite thing-his notebook computer. He’s very proud of it because he ______ to pay for it. （根据句意填空）
【答案】 ①. well off ②. earned the money
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：一个看起来很富裕，另一个很穷，但是擦鞋的男孩给我们看了他最喜欢的东西——他的笔记本电脑。他很自豪，因为是他自己赚来的钱。well off富有的；earn money挣钱。“赚钱买电脑”是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。根据句意，故填well off; earned the money。
66. A cultural idea ______ an understanding of the world that typically ______ of thinking in a particular culture. For example, there are ideas about wealth, family, and attitudes towards one’s elders in almost every culture in the world. Yet, people from different cultures view these things ______.(根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. is ②. reflects ③. differently
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文化观念是一种对世界的理解，通常反映了特定文化中的思维。例如，在世界上几乎每一种文化中都有关于财富、家庭和对长辈的态度的观念。然而，不同文化背景的人对这些事情的看法是不同的。
【详解】考查时态、动词和副词。第一空，句意：文化观念是一种对世界的理解，它通常反映了特定文化中的思维。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为idea，谓语用单数；第二空，句意：文化观念是一种对世界的理解，它通常反映了特定文化中的思维。表示“反映”应用动词reflect，且定语从句中谓语与先行词understanding保持一致，应用第三人称单数形式；第三空，句意：然而，不同文化背景的人对这些事情的看法是不同的。修饰动词view，表示“不同”应用副词differently。故填is；reflection和differently。
Ⅵ. Phrases: 5%
Directions: Filling in the blanks with the proper forms of the phrases given in the box. Note that each phrase can be only used once and there are two phrases more than you need in each section.
at fault, watch out for, feel free, seek out, be keen on, make a go of, act out
67. Given that there is a living to be made at night, and given that alternative daytime trades are thoroughly occupied, natural selection has favoured bats that________ the night-hunting trade.
68. The island has always had a magical attraction for tourists, among whom many British artists once________ this “little paradise”.
69. The older labor-intensive machinery still operating in United States integrated plants is________ because of the poor performance of the United States industry.
70. To stimulate the farming industry which had greatly suffered a lot from the economic changes, the government________ any program that pushes the Japanese back towards farming.
71. The company successfully avoided the risks, which________ for a very long time.
【答案】67. make a go of
68. were keen on
69. at fault
70. sought out
71. has been watched out for
【解析】
【67题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：考虑到夜间可以生存，并且其他白天的交易已经被全部占有，自然选择偏爱可以成功在夜间捕食的蝙。分析句子可知，空格出为句子的谓语部分，make a go of“使成功”符合题意，这里指蝙蝠在夜间成功捕食。空格前的that代指先行词bats，结合句中的时态为一般现在时可知，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填make a go of。
【68题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。句意：对于游客来说，这个岛屿一直有一种神奇的吸引力，许多英国艺术家曾经对这个“小天堂”很感兴趣。分析句子可知，空格出为句子的谓语部分，be keen on“喜爱”符合题意，结合空前的once“曾经”可知，应用一般过去时。故填were keen on。
【69题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：由于美国工业表现不佳，仍在美国综合工厂运行的较老的劳动密集型机械出了故障。分析句子可知，空格处为表语，可以选择填介词短语。at fault “有错，出毛病”符合句意。故填at fault。
【70题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。句意：为了刺激在经济变化中遭受巨大损失的农业，政府寻找了任何能推动日本人回归农业的方案。分析句子可知，空格出为句子的谓语部分，seek out “搜出，找出”符合题意。结合前半句中的had可知，这里的谓语动词应使用一般过去时。故填sought out。
【71题详解】
考查固定短语和时态语态。句意：这家公司成功地避免了那些被长期关注的风险。分析句子可知，空格出为句子的谓语部分，watch out for“密切注意，戒备”符合题意。risks与watch out for是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此要使用被动语态。再结合空后的for a very long time可知，应使用现在完成时。which代指前面的一句话，因此应使用谓语动词单数。故填has been watched out for。
Ⅶ. Translation: 15%
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 现在的天气在九月份不常见，因为太多变。（typical）（汉译英）
【答案】The weather at the moment is not typical for August ,because it is too changeable.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和状语从句。根据汉语提示，本句为because引导的原因状语从句，句子为一般现在时，主句为主系表及结构，主语为The weather ，is为系动词， typical为表语。从句的主语为it，is为系动词，changeable为表语，在根据其它汉语提示，翻译为The weather at the moment is not typical for August ,because it is too changeable.。
73. 据说，他喜欢随意和朋友们分享他在南极洲的经历。（free）（汉译英）
【答案】It is said that he likes sharing his experiences in Antarctica freely with friends.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定句型和短语。表示“据说……”句型为it is said that…；从句主语为he；表示“喜欢做某事”短语为like doing sth.，此处用一般现在时；表示“随意和……分享”应用share with freely；表示“在南极洲的经历”翻译为his experiences in Antarctica。故翻译为It is said that he likes sharing his experiences in Antarctica freely with friends.
74. 她突然想到了一个快速打中国结的方法，并将之做成视频上传与大家分享。（occur）（汉译英）
【答案】A quick way to tie a Chinese knot occured to her, and she made a video and uploaded it to share with everyone.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、动词、时态和非谓语动词。结合原文，分析句子可知，全句讲述已经发生的事情，应使用一般过去时态；“她突然想到了一个快速打中国结的方法”可处理为第一分句，用固定句型sth. occur to sb.表示，意为“某人突然想到某事”，其中“一个快速打中国结的方法”是主语，可用短语a quick way to tie a Chinese knot表示，可译为：a quick way to tie a Chinese knot occured to her；“将之做成视频上传与大家分享”可处理为第二分句，主语是she，“做成视频”可用make a vide表示，“上传”是并列谓语动词，用upload表示，“与大家分享”是目的状语，用不定式结构to share with everyone表示，可译为：she made a video and uploaded it to share with everyone；第一、二分句为并列关系，用并列连词and连接。综上， 全句译为：A quick way to tie a Chinese knot occured to her, and she made a video and uploaded it to share with everyone.
75. 在学校，因为他的好习惯、优秀的人品和出色的成绩，他被同学们称作尖子生，他父母以此为傲。（campus, refer）（汉译英）
【答案】At campus, because of his good habits, excellent personality and excellent grades, he is referred to as a top student by his classmates, which his parents are proud of.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语，动词短语，被动和非限制性定语从句。分析汉语句子可知，“在学校，因为他的好习惯、优秀的人品和出色的成绩，他被同学们称作尖子生”为主句，“他父母以此为傲”可用非限制性定语从句表达。其中，主句中，表达地点状语“在学校”用介词短语“at campus”；表达原因状语“因为他的好习惯、优秀的人品和出色的成绩”用短语“because of his good habits, excellent personality and excellent grades”；表达主语“他”用“he”；表达“称作”用动词短语“refer to... as...(将某人称作为……)”，主语与谓语“称作”之间为被动关系，因此表达“（被）称作尖子生”用动词短语“be referred to as…”，结合语境，时态为一般现在时，其中主语“he”为第三人称单数，be应是“is”，“尖子生”用名词短语“a top student”表示，即，“is referred to as a top student”；“被同学们”用介词短语“by his classmates”。从句“他父母以此为傲”中，主语“他父母”用名词短语“his parents”表示；“以……为傲”用形容词短语“be proud of”表示，结合语境为一般现在时，主语“his parents”为第三人称复数，be应用“are”；“此”指代前文主句，作介词“of”的宾语，应用关系代词which，即，“which his parents are proud of”。故翻译为：At campus, because of his good habits, excellent personality and excellent grades, he is referred to as a top student by his classmates, which his parents are proud of.
华东师大二附中2021学年第一学期10月阶段性测试
高一英语
（考试时间：90分钟 卷面满分：100分）
Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension: 20%
Section A: Short Conversations
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you’ve heard.
1. A. An advisor. B.A teacher. C.A coach. D. A doctor.
2. A. In a hospital. B. At a bank. C. In a restaurant. D. At a clothing store.
3. A. Youngsters don’t really know what fashion is.
B. People should care more about their appearance.
C. Styles change more quickly than necessary nowadays.
D. It’s not sensible to go after brand-name clothing.
4. A. The man is concerned about critics’ comments on the show.
B. The man doubts that the woman’s paintings will sell well.
C. The woman is confident in the sales of her paintings.
D. The woman dreams of becoming a critic someday.
5. A. He didn’t expect to get full marks.
B. He needs to find a new part-time job.
C. The woman must have done well in the exam.
D. The woman didn’t tell him anything about her job.
6. A. She is fully engaged. B. She doesn’t like parties.
C. She has an invitation already. D. She questions the man’s purpose.
7. A. He was held up by the traffic jam. B. He failed to phone the woman’s secretary.
C. He was a stranger to the place. D. He forgot where to meet the woman.
8. A. The man made a bad suggestion. B. The woman took the man’s advice.
C. The woman has taught Jim in a pleasant way. D. The man has spoiled the peaceful atmosphere.
9. A. Pointless. B. Out-of-date. C. Informative. D. Amusing.
10. A. The man forgot to go to the cinema with the woman.
B. Both of the speakers enjoyed the film.
C. An exciting film will be on next week.
D. The woman was interested in exploring space.
Section B:
Directions in Section B, you will hear several longer conversations and passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversations and the passages. The conversations and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. His father seldom asked others to help with the work.
B. Her was considered to be able to take the responsibility.
C. He was he first one to undertake the job in bis family.
D. His father gave him six dollars for his efforts.
12. A. His father scolded him severely.
B. His father took back the money.
C. His father made him do the cutting again.
D. His father cut the leaves himself.
13. A. One can benefit a lot from working with his father.
B. Manual laborers shouldn’t be looked down upon.
C. One should always take his job seriously.
D. Teenagers tend to be careless.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. The loss of their careers. B. The passing away of their friends.
C. The failing of their memory. D. The decline of their physical health.
15. A. Both depend on genes. B. Both need some kind of exercise.
C. Both have connections with thinking. D. Both can be enhanced without efforts.
16. A. It records users’ progress. B. It varies users’ muscle use.
C. It offers users medical advice. D. It encourages users to give feedback.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.
17. A. To get a driver’s license. B. to prepare for the written test.
C. To get familiar with the rules. D. To see whether he has practiced well.
18. A In a school zone. B. In a neighbourhood.
C. In a commercial area. D. In an examination building.
19. A. He hit a passer-by. B. He got on a pedestrian street.
C. He crashed into another vehicle. D. He forgot to signal when baking a turn.
20. A. Come on Friday to take her place. B. Have more driving lessons.
C. Take the test with another officer. D. Get his car checked thoroughly.
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary: 20%
Section A
Directions:
Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1. The poor slave________ from morning till night.
A. made to work B. was made working
C. was made work D. was made to work
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词用法。句意：这个可怜的奴隶被迫从早到晚地工作。make sb. do sth.使得某人做某事。其中make后面的不定式短语要省略to，但是变为被动结构时，不定式短语要带to，即be made to do sth. 故选D。
2 This shirt________ much softer than that one.
A. is feeling B. is felt C. feels D. was feeling
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查感官动词的用法。句意：这件衬衫摸起来比那件柔软得多。feel意为“摸起来”，是感官动词，用主动表被动，且句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语This shirt是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数feels，故选C。
3. Great changes________ in Shanghai in the last 10 years.
A. are taken place B. have taken place
C. have been taken place D. are being taken place
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的十年里，上海发生了巨大的变化。take place发生，为不及物动词短语，所以无被动语态。根据句中时间状语in the last 10 years可知，用现在完成时。故选B。
4. By the end of last year another new gymnasium ______ in Beijing.
A. would be completed B. was being completed
C. has been completed D. had been completed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：到去年年底为止，在北京，另外一座新的体育馆已经被建成了。本题的解题关键是by到......时为止，该词要和完成时连用，本句by后面有last year，使用过去完成时的时态。故D正确。
5. -Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favor?
-Of course. What is it?
-1______ if you could tell me how to fill out this form.
A. had wondered B. was wondering
C. would wonder D. did wonder
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态：句意：---对不起，先生，你能帮我个忙吗?---当然。是什么？---我想知道你能不能告诉我怎么填这个表格。根据句意可知，本句为过去进行时。故选B。
6. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _______ from the university next year．
A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：到下一年从大学毕业为止，他已经学了八年英语。by the time 引导的时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来，故选C。
7. If city noises________ from increasing, people________ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.
A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have to
C. do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：如果不阻止城市噪音的增加，即使在吃饭的时候，人们也必须大声喊叫才能被听到。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为if引导的条件状语从句，主句应用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。keep…from doing意为“阻止……做某事”，从句中主语city noises与keep之间为被动关系，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。have to意为“不得不”，主句应用一般将来时。故选A。
8. The telephone________ four times in the last hour, and each time it________ for my roommate.
A. has rung; was B. has been ringing; is
C. had rung; was D. rang; has been
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的一个小时里，电话响了四次，每次都是找我室友的。第一空根据后文“four times in the last hour”可知表示在过去的一段时间内已经发生过的事情，应用现在完成时；第二空描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，主语为it，谓语用单数。故选A。
9. Shirley ________ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished.
A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：雪莉去年在写一本关于中国的书，但我不知道她是否写完了。根据“but I don’t know whether she has finished.”和时间状语last year可知，用过去进行时，表示过去一段时间一直从事的活动。故选D。
10. Was it the third time he________ in China, succeeding the show in Beijing last year and his recital in Shanghai in January.
A. had performed B. performed C. has performed D. performs
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和过去完成时。句意：继去年在北京的演出和今年1月在上海的独奏之后，这是他第三次在中国演出吗？句子是一般疑问句，还原成陈述句是It was third time he________ in China，it was the+序数词+that sb. had done sth.是固定句型，意为“这是某人第几次做某事”，因此空格处是过去完成时had performed，故选A。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. distraction B. aired C. content D. stretch E. source F. goal
G. signature H. keen I. catering J. recall K. processed
A taste of the simple life
Documentary team ignores top-class chefs and grand restaurants to focus on the joys of home cooking, Li Yingxue reports.
Food documentaries are ___11___ to a growing appetite in China as their quantity increases and cuisine variety expands. While most focus on popular restaurants in busting cities, director Wang Shengzhi chooses a different path-he tuns his lens to people’s kitchens in small towns.
“Eating is to repair oneself, if you go to a restaurant and order several dishes randomly, it can’t fix you. A bustling restaurant is a ___12___,” Wang says. “On countless occasions. I ___13___ that when I was a child, eating was such a simple thing that brought me huge satisfaction. Why? Because food is made by families.”
Directed by Wang, food documentary Taste of Home premiered online through video platform iQiyi and ___14___ on Fujian’s South East TV on April 7, so far receiving a rating of 8.2 points out of 10 on the review platform Douban.
Each episode, about 17 minutes long, introduces two ___15___ dishes from local families in two counties or villages. The audience can follow the food’s preparation and cooking while learning the stories of the families and the food.
Wang thinks the taste of home is about memory-even though someone may have visited countless restaurants, they will always yearn for the homemade dish that propels them back to the safety and warmth of childhood.
He is ___16___ to show that there is not a right or wrong way to cook. “There is no certain recipe for any dish, as the way to cook it can differ from family to family, but the one thing they all have in common is that they are made with love,” Wang says, adding that the dish is always cooked for loved ones or close friends.
One key factor for Wang when selecting an interviewee was their kitchen, as he required a traditional setup with a firewood stove. And most of the dishes that appear in the series use ingredients from the cooks’ own fields or backyards. “In this documentary I want to show that all ingredients have their ___17___, whether it’s the pigs raised by those in show, or the vegetables grown in their fields.”
In Wang’s mind, city life cuts people’s time into minutes and seconds, while in villages, time can ___18___. They will eat tomatoes when they are ripe. If not, they will just wait.
At the end of each episode, be poses a question, which the locals then answer for the viewer, usually about their dialects or customs. Wang says that the ___19___ of the segment (片段) is to take the audience on a tip back to their hometown.
“There are no conflicts in the documentary. Instead, it’s showcasing a feeling of family,” he says. “The theme of the documentary is not about heroes but ordinary people.”
“Hopefully, we can use an expression that attracts a younger audience to pass on our values. Our goal is to be the top ___20___ producers in the food documentary sector in China.”
【答案】11. I 12. A
13. J 14. B
15. G 16. H
17. E 18. D
19. F 20. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今美食纪录片拍摄重点放在了家常菜上的趋势，随着纪录片数量的增加和菜肴种类的增多，美食纪录片迎合了中国人日益增长的胃口。介绍了美食纪录片《家的味道》的导演对于拍摄的一些心得体会。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：随着纪录片数量的增加和菜肴种类的增多，美食纪录片迎合了中国人日益增长的胃口。根据后文to a growing appetite in China以及句意“迎合”可知应填动词cater，此处为现在进行时。故填catering。故选I。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：熙熙攘攘的餐厅会让人分心。空处作表语，表示“分心”应填名词distraction，冠词提示用单数。故填distraction。故选A。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：我记得当我还是个孩子的时候，吃是一件如此简单的事情，却给我带来了巨大的满足。空处作谓语，表示“回想，记起”应填动词recall，此处为一般现在时。故填recall。故选J。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：由王执导的美食纪录片《家的味道》于4月7日在视频平台爱奇艺上首播，并在福建东南卫视播出。到目前为止，这部纪录片在豆瓣上获得8.2分（满分10分）的好评。表示“播出”应填动词air，结合上文premiered可知为一般过去时。故填aired。故选B。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：每集约17分钟，介绍两种来自两个县或村庄的当地家庭的招牌菜。结合句意表示“招牌菜”可知短语为signature dishes。故填signature。故选G。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他热衷于证明烹饪方法没有对错之分。结合句意表示“热衷于”可知短语为be keen to。故填keen。故选H。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：在这部纪录片中，我想展示所有的食材都有其来源，无论是展出的猪，还是他们田地里种植的蔬菜。空处作宾语，表示“来源”应填名词source，故填source。故选E。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：在王看来，城市生活将人们的时间分割成分和秒，而在乡村，时间可以延长。空处作谓语，表示“延长”应填动词stretch，can后跟动词原形。故填stretch。故选D。
【19题详解】
考查名词。句意：王说，这个节目的目的是要把观众带回到他们的家乡。作从句的主语，表示“目的”应用名词goal，此处为特指，应用单数。故填goal。故选F。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们的目标是成为中国食品纪录片领域的顶级内容制作人。结合句意表示“内容制作人”短语为content producer。故填content。故选C。
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension: 30%
Section A 15%
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
There is a saying, “Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery (奉承).” This may be true, but in the art world fakes are unaccepted, to say the least. ___21___, selling fake art can be a criminal offense. When a painting is discovered that might have been painted by one of the great masters, it causes a sensation in the art world. However, for every great work, there are many fakes. There are also ___22___ imitations, paintings that were created in the style of a master painter and later ___23___ attributed to the master himself. Scientists are working on new technology that may aid art ___24___ in answering the question: Masterpiece or masterful imitation?
Most master painters have had their works imitated over the years, and even the experts have been ___25___ by some of these imitations. The National Gallery of Scotland once reportedly had an exhibit of five paintings of the same subject, all attributed to Leonardo. It turned out that at least three of the works were ___26___. Today, by some estimates, 15 percent of the art sold at auction houses may not be authentic.
Art historians, with their knowledge of the works of a particular artist, are often asked to authenticate art. ___27___ their knowledge of the subject, these scholars use science and technology to ___28___ if a work of art was created by a particular artist. The materials used in the painting are often ___29___ and X-rayed. Now, art historians may have another technological tool to help their process.
Scientists have developed a new authentications technique that analyzes and classifies paintings based on a digital analysis of the artist’s style. The process works by finding the consistency and ____30____ in an artist’s work. In an experiment, the model automatically identified the authenticated works by Pieter Bruegel the Elder, ____31____ them from five imitations. Stuart Fleming, author of Authenticity in Art, thinks the technology could “revolutionize ____32____ of many sincere imitations.”
Nonetheless, some art historians are ____33____ about the new technique. “It’s an interesting idea. But before curators and art historians will jump in and use this, I think a much larger sample of work has to be tested,” said the curator at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
For now, museum curators and auction houses don’t seem as interested in the technology as the scientists are. There may be a(n) ____34____ reason for that. “If you spent 80 million dollars to buy a painting, I don’t think you’d be eager to know that it’s a fake,” Farid said. “It’s a dirty little secret that a lot of paintings are not ____35____.”
21. A. Moreover B. Thus C. In fact D. For example
22. A. reliable B. particular C. diligent D. sincere
23. A. mistakenly B. rightly C. currently D. effectively
24. A. operators B. donors C. authorities D. historians
25. A. accounted for B. taken in C. made up for D. come across
26. A. masterpieces B. assignments C. copies D. worships
27. A. In addition to B. In contrast to C. In terms of D. In reference to
28. A. define B. qualify C. specify D. determine
29. A. enlarged B. analysed C. prolonged D. summarized
30. A. inconsistency B. inconvenience C. indifferences D. insignificance
31. A. modifying B. separating C. organizing D. restoring
32. A. accommodation B. comparison C. identification D. description
33. A. humble B. doubtful C. visible D. beneficial
34. A. faint B. artificial C. economic D. obvious
35. A. authentic B. fake C. sincere D. reliable
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了在艺术界，赝品无数，科学家发明了一种新的鉴定技术，可以帮助鉴定艺术品的真假。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，出售赝品可以构成刑事犯罪。A. Moreover而且；B. Thus因此；C. In fact事实上；D. For example例如。上文讲“虽说模仿是最真诚的恭维，但至少在艺术界，伪造是不可接受的”，下文作了进一步的补充“事实上，出售赝品可以构成刑事犯罪”，in fact用于补充上文细节，表示“事实上”。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也有诚恳的仿制品，这些仿制品是按照大师的风格创作的，后来被错误地认为是大师本人的作品。A. reliable可靠的；B. particular特别的；C. diligent勤奋的；D. sincere诚恳的。根据第四段“Stuart Fleming, author of Authenticity in Art, thinks the technology could ‘ revolutionize 12 of many sincere imitations.’”可知，应使用sincere imitations，表示“诚恳的仿制品”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：也有诚恳的仿制品，这些仿制品是按照大师的风格创作的，后来被错误地认为是大师本人的作品。A. mistakenly错误地；B. rightly正确地；C. currently当前；D. effectively有效地。根据“paintings that were created in the style of a master painter”可知，这些作品并不是大师本人所创作，所以是被误认为是大师作品。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们正在研究一种新技术，这种新技术可能会帮助艺术历史学家回答这个问题：杰作还是高超的模仿? A. operators操作员；B. donors捐献者；C. authorities权威人士；D. historians历史学家。根据第三段“Art historians, with their knowledge of the works of a particular artist, are often asked to authenticate art.”可知，是art historians在鉴别真假艺术品。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：多年来，大多数绘画大师的作品都被人模仿过，甚至连专家也被其中一些仿制品骗了。A. accounted for占；B. taken in欺骗；C. made up for弥补；D. come across偶遇。根据下文所述“The National Gallery of Scotland曾展出过被认为出自达·芬奇之手的五幅画，但其中至少三幅是仿品”可知，专家也会被欺骗。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，其中至少有三幅作品是复制品。A. masterpieces代表作；B. assignments任务；C. copies复制品；D. worships崇拜。根据句中“It turned out that at least three of the works...”可知，结果出乎意料，国家美术馆美术馆展出了赝品。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：除了他们的学科知识，这些学者使用科学和技术来确定一件艺术品是否由特定的艺术家创作。A. In addition to除……之外（还有）；B. In contrast to与……形成对照；C. In terms of依据；D. In reference to关于。根据常识可知，“their knowledge of the subject”和“science and technology”都是学者们用来鉴定艺术品的办法，in addition to表示“除……之外（还有）”。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了他们的学科知识，这些学者使用科学和技术来判定一件艺术品是否由特定的艺术家创作。A. define给……下定义；B. qualify使具有资格；C. specify明确指出；D. determine判定。根据上文“Art historians, with their knowledge of the works of a particular artist, are often asked to authenticate art.”可知，这些是鉴别艺术品真假的学者，所以他们要判定(determine)艺术品的作者。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作画所用的材料常常要经过分析和X光检查。A. enlarged扩大；B. analysed分析；C. prolonged拉长；D. summarized总结。结合常识和句中“X-rayed”可推知，判定艺术品的真伪需要对材料做检测与分析。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个过程就是在艺术家的作品中寻找一致性和不一致性。A. inconsistency不一致；B. inconvenience不便；C. indifferences漠不关心；D. insignificance无意义。根据常识和句中“finding the consistency”可推知，鉴别真假需要分析比对，找一致的地方，也要找不一样的地方。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一次实验中，该模型自动识别出Pieter Bruegel the Elder的真品，并将它们与五件仿制品区分开。A. modifying修饰；B. separating分离；C. organizing组织；D. restoring恢复。根据句中“the model automatically identified the authenticated works ”可知，该模型成功识别真假作品，也就是说它把真作品与赝品区分开了。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：《艺术中的真实性》一书的作者斯图尔特•弗莱明认为，这项技术可能会给鉴别赝品带来革命性的变化。A. accommodation膳宿；B. comparison比较；C. identification识别；D. description描述。根据上文可知，这一技术成功识别真假作品，所以它会给赝品的识别(identification)带来革命性的变化。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，一些艺术史学家对这种新技术持怀疑态度。A. humble谦逊的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. visible明显的；D. beneficial有益的。根据下文“But before curators and art historians will jump in and use this, I think a much larger sample of work has to be tested”可知，这些艺术史学家认为还需要更多测试，对这一技术还持怀疑态度。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词义辨析。句意：这可能有经济上的原因。A. faint微弱的；B. artificial人造的；C. economic经济的；D. obvious明显的。根据下文“If you spent 80 million dollars to buy a painting, I don’t think you’d be eager to know that it’s a fake,”可知，博物馆馆长和拍卖行怕被检测出高价买来的藏品的赝品，所以对这一鉴定技术不感兴趣。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词义辨析。句意：很多画都不是真品，这是一个令人不快的小秘密。A. authentic真正的；B. fake伪造的；C. sincere衷心的；D. reliable可靠的。根据上文所说“博物馆馆长和拍卖行对这一鉴定技术不感兴趣”和句中“a dirty little secret”可知，他们很多画都不是真品。故选A项。
Section B 11 %
Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passages is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
They are the planet’s closest living evolutionary link to Tyrannosaurus rex (霸王龙) and contribute hugely t0 our notional diet, but Dow the humble chicken is coming into its own in Britain as the productive pet of choice.
What began several years ago as a trend among town residents with large gardens has now exploded into an entire industry, say experts. Pet shops and garden centres stock chicken feed, while poultry (家禽) producers are scrambling to keep up with demand for birds. Dozens of manufactures are producing hen house in every shape and size-and for every budget
This weekend the South of England show at Ardingly, West Sussex, the biggest annual agricultural event in the south-east, took poultry as its theme in response to what organizers called “an incredible increase in population of keeping poultry”.
And it’s not only hens, but ducks, too. “A lot of it is the horsemeat scandal; people just want to be more connected to their food,” said the show’s Paula Seager.
Next week sees the publication of the latest book in Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall’s River Cottage series. Titled Chicken & Eggs, it is a step-by-step guide for beginners written by Mark Dincono.
Poultry expert Andy Marshall writes the Poultryman’s Diary in Practical Poultry, the bestselling of several British magazines devoted to the subject. “The chicken house has become a bit of a must-have add-on for every garden now,” he said. “More and more people are trying to keep hens and more and more people would like to do it. We’re seeing lots of schools starting to get involved and there is a huge increase of interest in pure breeds. All this enthusiasm is wonderful, but we do have a lot of people buying birds who don’t have a clue, and I am concerned for the welfare of all the birds being sold out there. Today’s society loves a quick fix, and while chickens are very easy to care for and to enjoy getting eggs from, they do need to be fed and looked after, so do a bit of basic research before you rush off and buy your hen house and your four chickens.”
With the agriculture sector hit by dreadful weather and high feed costs, this feathered trend of DIY poultry-keeping is helping British chicken breeds to thrive.
“In terms of the industry, it’s massive: You can buy fertilized eggs to hatch out chickens on eBay, and hen houses at your local garden centre,” said Marshall. “Poultry has become very big business.”
36. Why did the South of England Show take poultry as the theme?
A. Because they are the planet’s closest living evolutionary link to Tyrannosaurus rex.
B. Because their flesh is British people’s major source of food.
C. Because they are the objects of experts’ scientific researches.
D. Because keeping poultry has become an increasingly popular trend.
37. Where can beginners of poultry get access to a step-by-step guide?
A. In the book titled Chicken & Eggs.
B. At the South of England show at Ardingly, West Sussex.
C. From agricultural experts.
D. In a British magazine titled the Poultryman’ Diary in Practical Poultry.
38. What are poultry experts such as Andy Marshall worried about?
A. The horse meat scandal.
B. People’s enthusiasm for keeping poultry will fade.
C. The poultry won’t be taken good care of.
D. The welfare of the people who have bought birds.
39. What does the underlined phrase “fertilized eggs” probably mean?
A. Eggs produced by the massive industry. B. Eggs nurtured with fertilizers.
C. Eggs in which young animals develop. D. Eggs of high quality.
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. C 39. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国城镇居民家禽饲养的趋势越来越流行。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“What began several years ago as a trend among town residents with large gardens has now exploded into an entire industry, say experts. Pet shops and garden centres stock chicken feed, while poultry (家禽) producers are scrambling to keep up with demand for birds. Dozens of manufactures are producing hen house in every shape and size-and for every budget（专家们说，几年前作为拥有大花园的城镇居民的趋势，现在已经发展为整个行业。宠物店和花园中心都在储备鸡肉饲料，而家禽生产商则在努力跟上对禽类的需求。数十家制造商正在生产各种形状和大小以及各种预算的母鸡舍）”和第三段“This weekend the South of England show at Ardingly, West Sussex, the biggest annual agricultural event in the south-east, took poultry as its theme in response to what organizers called “an incredible increase in population of keeping poultry”.(本周末，在西苏塞克斯郡的阿蒂林举行的南英格兰展是东南部最大的年度农业活动，以家禽为主题，以回应组织者所说的“饲养家禽的人口难以置信的增长”。)”可知，南英格兰展以家禽为主题是因为饲养家禽已经成为一种越来越流行的趋势。故选D。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Titled Chicken & Eggs, it is a step-by-step guide for beginners written by Mark Dincono. (这本书名为《鸡和蛋》，由Mark Dincono编写，是一本循序渐进的入门指南。)”可知，家禽初学者可以在《鸡和蛋》一书中获得循序渐进的指南。故选A。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第六段“All this enthusiasm is wonderful, but we do have a lot of people buying birds who don’t have a clue, and I am concerned for the welfare of all the birds being sold out there. Today’s society loves a quick fix, and while chickens are very easy to care for and to enjoy getting eggs from, they do need to be fed and looked after, so do a bit of basic research before you rush off and buy your hen house and your four chickens. (所有这些热情都很棒，但我们确实有很多人买禽却不知道，我很担心所有被卖的禽的福利。今天的社会喜欢速战速战，虽然鸡很容易照顾，也喜欢从鸡身上取蛋，但它们确实需要喂养和照顾，所以在匆忙去买鸡舍和四只鸡之前，做一些基础研究。)”可推断，像安迪·马歇尔这样的家禽专家担心家禽不会被照顾好。故选C。
【39题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后半句“to hatch out chickens ”(来孵化小鸡)”并结合常识可知，fertilized eggs为“受精卵”之意，即幼小动物发育的卵。故选C。
（B）
measure ['meʒə] noun, verb
●noun
1.[C, often pl.] an action that is intended to achieve or deal with something: a temporary measure to stop the problem, taken stronger measures against drug abuse
2. [C] an amount of a particular quality that is neither large nor small
3.[+of] a way of judging something: a measure of one’s ability
4.[C] an object such as a RULER used for finding out a particular measurement 4a a system used for expressing a particular quantity: liquid and dry measures
[PHR] ①be a measure of sth to show how good a particular quality is ②beyond measure very large great: The beauty of the West Lake is beyond measure. ③for good measure as a way of making something complete or better. Add some salt to the soup for good measure. ④the full measure of sth something at is strongest, most powerful etc.: We were treated to the full measure of her anger. ⑤take sb’s measure to know or understand what someone is really like so that you can decide how to deal with them or defeat them. ⑥half measures action that fails to deal with something completely or effectively. ⑦in full measure to the greatest degree or in the largest amount
[IDM] ①measure for measure: to do something harmful or unpleasant to someone because they have done something harmful or unpleasant to you ②for good measure as an extra part ③keep measures with: be not mean to
●verb
1. to find the exact size, amount speed etc. of something using a special tool or special equipment: measure the distance between the two points/measure the atmospheric gases responsible for the or one destruction
2.[linking verb] to be a particular size: The room measures about 12 feet by 13 feet
3. to find the size of someone’s body in order to buy or make clothes for them: measure sb. for a new suit
4. [often passive] to form an opinion about how good or bad something is
5.[PHRV]
1. measure off: to measure a particular length, width, height etc, often at a point where something is to be cut: He took a piece of cloth and measured off a couple of meters.
2. measure out: to take a particular amount of something from a larger amount
3. measure up ①to be good enough. ②to measure something in preparation for making, building, or fitting something else. I measure up the boards and then Joe cuts them into pieces.
40. —The manager lost his face at the meeting yesterday as the employees spoke out against him.
—I think the punishment is________ because he is always rude to us.
A. for good measure B. a measure of him
C. measure for measure D. beyond measure
41. If a car does not________ to the standard or expectations of customers. it won’t sell well on the market.
A. measure up B. measure out
C. measure off D. measure about
42 Which of the following italicized ‘measure’ does not agree with the others in meaning?
A. Their joys and laughs were a good measure of satisfaction with the meal.
B. Record sales are not always a measure of a singer’s popularity.
C. With the exception of Jordan, each achieved a measure of success.
D The headmaster has no reliable measure of the damage done to his reputation.
【答案】40. C 41. A 42. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章是从字典上摘录下来的一个关于measure的用法英文解释及其用法。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章中“[IDM] ①measure for measure: to do something harmful or unpleasant to someone because they have done something harmful or unpleasant to you ([习语]一报还一报:因为别人做了对你有害或不愉快的事，所以对别人做了有害或不愉快的事)”可知，measure for measure为“一报还一报；恶有恶报”之意，符合所给语境。故选C。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章中“3. measure up ①to be good enough. ②to measure something in preparation for making, building, or fitting something else. (3. measure up ①足够好；合格。②为制造、建造或安装其他东西而测量。)”可知，如果一辆车没有达到顾客的标准或期望。它在市场上卖不好。故选A。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。A.Their joys and laughs were a good measure of satisfaction with the meal.（他们的欢声笑语很好地说明了他们对这顿饭的满意程度。）B.Record sales are not always a measure of a singer’s popularity.（唱片销量并不总是衡量歌手受欢迎程度的标准。） C.With the exception of Jordan, each achieved a measure of success.（除了约旦，每个国家都取得了一定程度的成功。）D.The headmaster has no reliable measure of the damage done to his reputation.（校长不知道他的声誉受到了多大的损害。）结合每个选项的语境不难发现ABD选项都有“是某物品性好的证明”之意，而C选项中a measure of意为“一定程度的”。故选C。
（C）
“Wanna buy a body?” That was the opening line of more than a few phone calls I got from self-employed photographers when I was a photo editor at U.S. New. Like many in the mainstream press, I wanted to separate the world of photographers into “them”, who trade in pictures of bodies or run after famous people like Princess Diana, and “us”, the serious newspeople. But after 16 years in that role, I came to wonder whether the two worlds were easily distinguishable.
Working in the reputable world of journalism, I told photographers to cover other people’s difficult life situations. I justified marching into moments of sadness, under the appearance of the reader’s right to know. I worked with professionals talking their way into situations or shooting from behind police lines. And I wasn’t alone.
In any American town, after a car crash or some other horrible incident when ordinary people are hurt or killed, you rarely see photographers pushing past rescue workers to take photos of the blood and injuries. But you are likely to see local newspaper and television photographers on the scene-and fast...
How can we justify doing this? Journalists are taught to separate, doing the job from worrying about the consequences of publishing what they record. Repeatedly, they are reminded of a news-business saying: Leave your conscience in the office. A victim may lie bleeding, unconscious, or dead. Your job is to record the image. You’re a photographer, not an emergency medical worker. You put away your feelings and document the scene.
But catastrophic events often bring out the worst in photographers and photo editors. In the first minutes and hours after a disaster occurs, photo agencies buy pictures. They rush to obtain the rights to be the only one to own these shocking images and death is usually the subject Often, an agency buys a picture from a local newspaper or an amateur photographer and puts it up for bid by major magazines. The most sought-after special pictures commend tens of thousands of dollars through bidding contests.
I worked on all those stories and many like them. When they happen, you move quickly: buying, dealing, trying to beat the agencies to the pictures.
Now, many people believe journalists are the hypocrites(伪君子) who need to be brought down, and it’s our pictures that most anger others. Readers may not believe, as we do, that there is a distinction between clear-minded ‘us" and mean-spirited “them”. In too many cases, by our choices of images as well as how we get them, we prove our readers right.
43. We can learn from the passage that________.
A. The author told photographers to take pictures of people’s happy life situations
B. Professional newspeople may talk their way into situations or shooting from behind police lines
C. In America, local newspaper and television photographers rarely push on the scene to take pictures of the victims
D. In America, photographers always push past rescue workers to take pictures of the victims
44. When journalists are working, they are told to________.
A. work with their conscience B. respect the privacy of the victim
C. separate their work from feelings D. ask police for permission to take photos
45. The 5th and 6th paragraphs mainly tell us that________.
A. speed determines the success of a news story
B. photo agencies are greedier than serious newspeople
C. photographers have free access to photos of accidents
D. profit is the driving force behind the competition for photos
46. It can be learned from the last paragraph that serious newspeople________.
A. obtain photos differently from news agencies
B. are no better than self-employed photographers
C. are more devoted to work than non-professionals
D. have a higher moral standard than self-employed photographers
【答案】43 C 44. C 45. D 46. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过描述记者和摄影师的职责，告诉我们他们的不同。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In any American town, after a car crash or some other horrible incident when ordinary people are hurt or killed, you rarely see photographers pushing past rescue workers to take photos of the blood and injuries.(在美国的任何一个城镇，在发生车祸或其他恐怖事件后，当普通人受伤或死亡时，你很少会看到摄影师挤过救援人员给满是给鲜血和受伤的人拍照。)”可知，在美国，当地报纸和电视台的摄影师很少到现场给受害者拍照。故选C。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Your job is to record the image. You’re a photographer, not an emergency medical worker. You put away your feelings and document the scene.( 你们的工作是记录影像。你是摄影师不是处理紧急事件的医务工作者。抛开你的感情,只管记录事件。)”可知，当记者在工作时，他们被告知要把工作和感情分开。故选C。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“They rush to obtain the rights to be the only one to own these shocking images and death is usually the subject Often, an agency buys a picture from a local newspaper or an amateur photographer and puts it up for bid by major magazines.( 他们急于获得权利，成为唯一拥有这些令人震惊的照片的人，而死亡通常是主题。通常，一家机构从当地报纸或业余摄影师那里购买一张照片，然后把它放到主要杂志上竞标。)”及第六段可知，这两段告诉我们摄影师去竞争独家照片是有利益驱使的。故选D。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In too many cases, by our choices of images as well as how we get them, we prove our readers right. (在太多的时候，我们通过新闻照片的选择和得到这些照片的方式证明那些读者的想法是正确的。)”可知，作者想表达的观点是读者认为记者是“伪君子”的看法是对的，所谓严肃的新闻人其实和自由摄影师没有根本的差别。故选B。
Section C 4%
Directions; Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Guns have a special place in American culture, and though not everyone agrees on whether or not they are a good thing, there is no mistaking that they will be part of the cultural landscape for some time. To answer the question, no, not everyone has a gun. ____47____
Americans use guns for one of two uses: either for sport, where they can use them on firing ranges or for hunting in approved areas, or for self-protection. The latter is where most people begin to take sides, either arguing for the removal of guns from society or allowing more people to have them. There are organizations and community groups for both sides and both sides have strong feelings.
Legally, there are restrictions on gun owners. ____48____ Only certain kinds of weapons can be purchased by the public, and that excludes automatic weapon and military grade weaponry. Gun owners must transport their weapon in a safe way, unloaded and in most cases, out of sight. Special—concealed carry permits from the police station must be obtained for people who want to wear weapon, and most people are rejected for this kind of permit. ____49____ Criminals steal guns or buy them illegally to commit crimes, and the news is full of terrible stories of what happened next. Occasionally a child will get a hold of legal weapon and accidentally hurt themselves or others.
It is important to remember, however, that the news stories that make the United States seem like a dangerous place are deceiving; guns are not everywhere or constant. ____50____ After all, America is a safe place to live.
A. You are only allowed to purchase a firearm if you have had a background check and meet certain legal requirements.
B. There have been many enlightening articles on gun control in America.
C. If you were to visit the United States for two months the only gun you might see is in a museum or on a police officer.
D. Less than fifty percent of homes in the United States own weapons, and many of those homes are in rural areas where guns may have a greater use.
E. More people are deciding to legalize their gun transactions instead of buying them on the black market.
F. What alarms people the most about American gun culture are the illegal guns and shooting, which make some places feel unsafe.
【答案】47. D 48. A 49. F 50. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的枪支文化，并告诉我们一个事实：在美国枪不是无处不在的。
【47题详解】
根据上文“To answer the question, no, not everyone has a gun. (回答这个问题，不，不是每个人都有枪。)”可知，上文阐述的是在美国并非每个人都有枪，D项意为“在美国，只有不到50%的家庭拥有武器，其中许多家庭位于农村地区，在那里枪支的使用量可能更大。”选项能够承接上文，在美国并非每个人都有枪，只有不到50%的家庭拥有武器。故选D。
【48题详解】
根据上文“Legally, there are restrictions on gun owners. (在法律上，对枪支拥有者有限制。)”可知，本段阐述的是对枪支拥有者的限制，A项意为“只有在经过背景调查并符合某些法律要求的情况下，你才被允许购买枪支。”选项能够承接上文，具体阐述了对枪支拥有者有限制，只有在经过背景调查并符合某些法律要求的情况下，你才能购买枪支。故选A。
【49题详解】
根据后文“Criminals steal guns or buy them illegally to commit crimes, and the news is full of terrible stories of what happened next. Occasionally a child will get a hold of legal weapon and accidentally hurt themselves or others. (罪犯偷枪或非法购买枪支犯罪，新闻中充斥着接下来发生的可怕故事。偶尔，孩子会拿着合法武器，意外地伤害自己或他人。)”可知，这里阐述的是非法枪支带来的危害以及孩子们持枪所引发的意外，F项意为“关于美国枪支文化，最让人们警觉的是非法枪支和枪击，这让一些地方感到不安全。”选项能够引起下文，下文所举的例子正是“非法枪支和枪击”带来的危害。故选F。
【50题详解】
根据上文“It is important to remember, however, that the news stories that make the United States seem like a dangerous place are deceiving; guns are not everywhere or constant. (然而，重要的是要记住，使美国看起来像一个危险的地方的新闻报道是有欺骗性的；枪不是无处不在的，也不是固定不变的。)”可知，最后一段阐述的是关于美国枪支文化的危险性的报道是不真实的，在美国，枪不是无处不在的，C项意为“如果你要去美国旅游两个月，你可能会看到的唯一的枪是在博物馆里或警察身上。”选项能够承接上文，进一步解释了上文的“guns are not everywhere”， 枪不是无处不在的，你可能会看到的唯一的枪是在博物馆里或警察身上。故选C。
Ⅳ. Spelling: 5%
Directions: Write out the words according to the relevant definitions. The first letter is given to you.
51. s________ a plan that lists all the work you have to do
52. d________ using a system of electronic signals to send or receive information
53. r________ the normal order in which you regularly do things
54. a________ to gain something by your own efforts
55. s________ having a higher level in a school
56. r________ practice (sth.) you are going to do or say; practice (a play, a concert, etc.)
57. i________ a particular example or case of something
58. r________ doing or saying the same thing again once or more than once
59. a________ gradually get more and more of sth. over a period of time
60. d________ careful and hard effort
【答案】51. schedule
52. digital
53. routine
54. acquire
55. senior 56. rehearse
57. instance
58. repetition
59. accumulate
60. diligence
【解析】
【分析】
【51题详解】
考查名词。根据英文提示“a plan that lists all the work you have to do(列出你要做的所有工作的计划)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为名词schedule，表示“时间表，日程，计划”之意。故填schedule。
【52题详解】
考查形容词。根据英文提示“using a system of electronic signals to send or receive information(用电子信号系统发送或接收信息的)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为形容词digital，表示“数字信息系统的；数码的数字式的”之意。故填digital。
【53题详解】
考查名词。根据英文提示“the normal order in which you regularly do things (你经常做事情的正常顺序)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为名词routine，表示“常规；正常顺序”之意。故填routine。
【54题详解】
考查动词。根据英文提示“to gain something by your own efforts (通过自己的努力获得一些东西)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为动词acquire，表示“获得，取得”之意。故填acquire。
【55题详解】
考查形容词。根据英文提示“having a higher level in a school (在学校有较高水平的)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为形容词senior，表示“高级的”之意。故填senior。
【56题详解】
考查动词。根据英文提示“practice (sth.) you are going to do or say; practice (a play, a concert, etc.) (练习(某事物)你将要做或说；练习(戏剧、音乐会等)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为动词rehearse，表示“参加彩排；详述；复述”之意。故填rehearse。
【57题详解】
考查名词。根据英文提示“a particular example or case of something (某事物的特殊例子或情况)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为名词instance，表示“例子；场合；情况”之意。故填instance。
【58题详解】
考查名词。根据英文提示“doing or saying the same thing again once or more than once (反复地做或说同一件事一次或多次)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为名词repetition，表示“重复；反复”之意。故填repetition。
【59题详解】
考查动词。根据英文提示“gradually get more and more of sth. over a period of time (在一段时间内逐渐得到越来越多的某物)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为动词accumulate，表示“积累；增加；聚集”之意。故填accumulate。
【60题详解】
考查名词。根据英文提示“careful and hard effort (认真努力)”和首字母提示可知，所填单词为名词diligence，表示“勤奋”之意。故填diligence。
Ⅴ. Recitation: 5%
Directions: Fill in each blank with a missing word according to the text.
61. Learning English is ______ easy. It takes ...（根据句意填空）
【答案】by no means
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：学英语一点也不容易。它需要……。 by no means绝不，一点也不。根据句意，故填by no means。
62. You can not expect to gain ______ of English without sustained hard work. （根据句意填空）
【答案】a good command
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：如果不坚持不懈地努力，你就不能指望精通英语。a good command of精通，熟练掌握。根据句意，故填a good command。
63. If you cram your head with too many new words at a time, some of them ______ crowded out. （根据句意填空）
【答案】are bound to be
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：如果你一次死记硬背太多的新单词，其中一些肯定会被遗忘。根据句意可知，一次死记硬背太多的新单词，一些单词必然会被忘记，be bound to do...为固定短语，表示“必定会……”，因为主语some of them是复数，所以用are bound to...；crowd out意为“挤出”，根据句意可知，单词是“被挤出”，因使用被动语态be crowded out综上，应填入are bound to be。
64. While active words demand ______ and useful words must be committed to memory, words that do not often occur in everyday situations require just a ______（根据句意填空）
【答案】 ①. constant practice ②. nodding acquaintance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。动词 demand后接名词作宾语。constant practice经常练习。不定冠词a后接可数名词。nodding acquaintance 不完整或肤浅的知识；相识不深的人。根据句意，故填constant practice; nodding acpuaintance。
65. One looks ______, the other is poor, but then the shoeshine boy shows us his favourite thing-his notebook computer. He’s very proud of it because he ______ to pay for it. （根据句意填空）
【答案】 ①. well off ②. earned the money
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：一个看起来很富裕，另一个很穷，但是擦鞋的男孩给我们看了他最喜欢的东西——他的笔记本电脑。他很自豪，因为是他自己赚来的钱。well off富有的；earn money挣钱。“赚钱买电脑”是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。根据句意，故填well off; earned the money。
66. A cultural idea ______ an understanding of the world that typically ______ of thinking in a particular culture. For example, there are ideas about wealth, family, and attitudes towards one’s elders in almost every culture in the world. Yet, people from different cultures view these things ______.(根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. is ②. reflects ③. differently
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文化观念是一种对世界的理解，通常反映了特定文化中的思维。例如，在世界上几乎每一种文化中都有关于财富、家庭和对长辈的态度的观念。然而，不同文化背景的人对这些事情的看法是不同的。
【详解】考查时态、动词和副词。第一空，句意：文化观念是一种对世界的理解，它通常反映了特定文化中的思维。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为idea，谓语用单数；第二空，句意：文化观念是一种对世界的理解，它通常反映了特定文化中的思维。表示“反映”应用动词reflect，且定语从句中谓语与先行词understanding保持一致，应用第三人称单数形式；第三空，句意：然而，不同文化背景的人对这些事情的看法是不同的。修饰动词view，表示“不同”应用副词differently。故填is；reflection和differently。
Ⅵ. Phrases: 5%
Directions: Filling in the blanks with the proper forms of the phrases given in the box. Note that each phrase can be only used once and there are two phrases more than you need in each section.
at fault, watch out for, feel free, seek out, be keen on, make a go of, act out
67. Given that there is a living to be made at night, and given that alternative daytime trades are thoroughly occupied, natural selection has favoured bats that________ the night-hunting trade.
68. The island has always had a magical attraction for tourists, among whom many British artists once________ this “little paradise”.
69. The older labor-intensive machinery still operating in United States integrated plants is________ because of the poor performance of the United States industry.
70. To stimulate the farming industry which had greatly suffered a lot from the economic changes, the government________ any program that pushes the Japanese back towards farming.
71. The company successfully avoided the risks, which________ for a very long time.
【答案】67. make a go of
68. were keen on
69. at fault
70. sought out
71. has been watched out for
【解析】
【67题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：考虑到夜间可以生存，并且其他白天的交易已经被全部占有，自然选择偏爱可以成功在夜间捕食的蝙。分析句子可知，空格出为句子的谓语部分，make a go of“使成功”符合题意，这里指蝙蝠在夜间成功捕食。空格前的that代指先行词bats，结合句中的时态为一般现在时可知，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填make a go of。
【68题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。句意：对于游客来说，这个岛屿一直有一种神奇的吸引力，许多英国艺术家曾经对这个“小天堂”很感兴趣。分析句子可知，空格出为句子的谓语部分，be keen on“喜爱”符合题意，结合空前的once“曾经”可知，应用一般过去时。故填were keen on。
【69题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：由于美国工业表现不佳，仍在美国综合工厂运行的较老的劳动密集型机械出了故障。分析句子可知，空格处为表语，可以选择填介词短语。at fault “有错，出毛病”符合句意。故填at fault。
【70题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。句意：为了刺激在经济变化中遭受巨大损失的农业，政府寻找了任何能推动日本人回归农业的方案。分析句子可知，空格出为句子的谓语部分，seek out “搜出，找出”符合题意。结合前半句中的had可知，这里的谓语动词应使用一般过去时。故填sought out。
【71题详解】
考查固定短语和时态语态。句意：这家公司成功地避免了那些被长期关注的风险。分析句子可知，空格出为句子的谓语部分，watch out for“密切注意，戒备”符合题意。risks与watch out for是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此要使用被动语态。再结合空后的for a very long time可知，应使用现在完成时。which代指前面的一句话，因此应使用谓语动词单数。故填has been watched out for。
Ⅶ. Translation: 15%
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 现在的天气在九月份不常见，因为太多变。（typical）（汉译英）
【答案】The weather at the moment is not typical for August ,because it is too changeable.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和状语从句。根据汉语提示，本句为because引导的原因状语从句，句子为一般现在时，主句为主系表及结构，主语为The weather ，is为系动词， typical为表语。从句的主语为it，is为系动词，changeable为表语，在根据其它汉语提示，翻译为The weather at the moment is not typical for August ,because it is too changeable.。
73. 据说，他喜欢随意和朋友们分享他在南极洲的经历。（free）（汉译英）
【答案】It is said that he likes sharing his experiences in Antarctica freely with friends.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定句型和短语。表示“据说……”句型为it is said that…；从句主语为he；表示“喜欢做某事”短语为like doing sth.，此处用一般现在时；表示“随意和……分享”应用share with freely；表示“在南极洲的经历”翻译为his experiences in Antarctica。故翻译为It is said that he likes sharing his experiences in Antarctica freely with friends.
74. 她突然想到了一个快速打中国结的方法，并将之做成视频上传与大家分享。（occur）（汉译英）
【答案】A quick way to tie a Chinese knot occured to her, and she made a video and uploaded it to share with everyone.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、动词、时态和非谓语动词。结合原文，分析句子可知，全句讲述已经发生的事情，应使用一般过去时态；“她突然想到了一个快速打中国结的方法”可处理为第一分句，用固定句型sth. occur to sb.表示，意为“某人突然想到某事”，其中“一个快速打中国结的方法”是主语，可用短语a quick way to tie a Chinese knot表示，可译为：a quick way to tie a Chinese knot occured to her；“将之做成视频上传与大家分享”可处理为第二分句，主语是she，“做成视频”可用make a vide表示，“上传”是并列谓语动词，用upload表示，“与大家分享”是目的状语，用不定式结构to share with everyone表示，可译为：she made a video and uploaded it to share with everyone；第一、二分句为并列关系，用并列连词and连接。综上， 全句译为：A quick way to tie a Chinese knot occured to her, and she made a video and uploaded it to share with everyone.
75. 在学校，因为他的好习惯、优秀的人品和出色的成绩，他被同学们称作尖子生，他父母以此为傲。（campus, refer）（汉译英）
【答案】At campus, because of his good habits, excellent personality and excellent grades, he is referred to as a top student by his classmates, which his parents are proud of.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语，动词短语，被动和非限制性定语从句。分析汉语句子可知，“在学校，因为他的好习惯、优秀的人品和出色的成绩，他被同学们称作尖子生”为主句，“他父母以此为傲”可用非限制性定语从句表达。其中，主句中，表达地点状语“在学校”用介词短语“at campus”；表达原因状语“因为他的好习惯、优秀的人品和出色的成绩”用短语“because of his good habits, excellent personality and excellent grades”；表达主语“他”用“he”；表达“称作”用动词短语“refer to... as...(将某人称作为……)”，主语与谓语“称作”之间为被动关系，因此表达“（被）称作尖子生”用动词短语“be referred to as…”，结合语境，时态为一般现在时，其中主语“he”为第三人称单数，be应是“is”，“尖子生”用名词短语“a top student”表示，即，“is referred to as a top student”；“被同学们”用介词短语“by his classmates”。从句“他父母以此为傲”中，主语“他父母”用名词短语“his parents”表示；“以……为傲”用形容词短语“be proud of”表示，结合语境为一般现在时，主语“his parents”为第三人称复数，be应用“are”；“此”指代前文主句，作介词“of”的宾语，应用关系代词which，即，“which his parents are proud of”。故翻译为：At campus, because of his good habits, excellent personality and excellent grades, he is referred to as a top student by his classmates, which his parents are proud of.
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