Day 5-2022中考英语考前抢分练之阅读理解专练（牛津译林版）

Day 5

A

Animals have their special ways to deal with hard times in nature. The superb fairy-wren, one kind of bright-blue bird in Australia, is one example. This year, a ten-year study showed that this small bird has eggs of different sizes in different kinds of weather. When the weather is hot and dry there is less food for young superb fairy-wrens, and they die easily. So the mother bird will make larger eggs to help her babies grow stronger inside before they break out of the eggs into the "hungry" world.

However, not all mother birds are able to do this. Only those with at least one male child can. When the weather is "good", the mother will make smaller eggs, and her sons will bring food back for their baby brothers and sisters from the eggs. With her sons' help, the mother can save more energy to make larger eggs when the weather is bad. Isn't this amazing?

1．Which is the best title of the passage?

A．The Best Place for Birds.

B．The Hard Times in Nature.

C．Larger Mother Birds Have Larger Eggs.

D．Mother Bird Fights Weather Changes.

2．What does the underlined word "this" mean in the passage?

A．Having eggs of different sizes.

B．Growing stronger inside the egg.

C．Saving food for weaker baby birds.

D．Helping baby birds break out of the eggs.

3．What can we learn about superb fairy-wrens from the passage?

A．Baby birds grow well in hot, dry weather.

B．Male birds can usually live for over ten years.

C．Young male birds share the job of feeding the baby birds.

D．Mother birds make smaller eggs when there is less food outside.

【答案】

1．D

2．A

3．C

【分析】

文章以澳大利亚的美丽鹪鹩为例，介绍了在不同的天气情况下，雌鸟会孕育大小不同的蛋，从而说明动物在自然界中有着特殊的应对困难的方式。

1．最佳标题题。根据文章开头“Animals have their special ways to deal with hard times in nature. The superb fairy-wren, one kind of bright-blue bird in Australia, is one example. This year, a ten-year study showed that this small bird has eggs of different sizes in different kinds of weather.”以及整个文章的理解可知，文章讲述的是动物有它们特殊的方式来应付自然界的困难时期。并且举例澳大利亚的美丽鹪鹩在天气不好的时候产的蛋就大一些，天气好的时候产的蛋就小一些，目的是保证将来孵出来的幼鸟能够有能力冲出蛋壳，所以四个选项中D选项概括比较合适，故选D。

2．词义猜测题。根据文中“So the mother bird will make larger eggs to help her babies grow stronger inside before they break out of the eggs into the “hungry” world. However, not all mother birds are able to do this. Only those with at least one male child can. ”因此，雌鸟会制造更大的蛋，以帮助她的宝宝在它们冲出蛋进入“饥饿”的世界之前，在里面长得更强壮。然而，并不是所有的雌鸟都能做到这一点。只有那些至少有一个雄性宝宝的才可以。可知这里的this指代的是“雌鸟能够产出不同大小的蛋”这件事情，故选A。

3．细节理解题。根据文中“When the weather is hot and dry there is less food for young superb fairy-wrens, and they die easily. ”当天气炎热干燥时，幼小的鹪鹩的食物就会减少，它们很容易死亡。可知A选项描述错误；根据文章的理解可知，B选项内容在文中没有显示，所以排除B选项；根据文中“and her sons will bring food back for their baby brothers and sisters from the eggs. ”她的儿子们会把食物带回给他们的从蛋壳里出来的弟弟妹妹们。可知C选项是正确的；根据文中“When the weather is hot and dry there is less food for young superb fairy-wrens, and they die easily. So the mother bird will make larger eggs to help her babies grow stronger inside before they break out of the eggs into the “hungry” world. ”当天气炎热干燥时，幼小的鹪鹩的食物就会减少，它们很容易死亡。因此，雌鸟会制造更大的蛋，以帮助她的宝宝在它们冲出蛋进入“饥饿”的世界之前，在里面长得更强壮。可知，D选项描述是错误的，故选C。

B

As one of the world’s top universities, Oxford attracts students from around the world. Besides needing a perfect academic record. students have to go through a rigorous ( 严 格 的 ) interview process, sometimes across days.

If you’re preparing for studying overseas, here’s our advice for putting your best foot forward.

Questions

You might have heard about the strange questions you might face, such as why are ladybirds red? These questions are not as random (随意的) as they seem and are often related to your course or interests. In truth, there is no wrong way to answer these questions as they are designed to show how your mind approaches problems.

You can’t prepare for these, but you can practice explaining your thoughts aloud about different topics.

Preparation

Most of your interviews will be made up of what you wrote in your application. So make sure you review everything you’ve submitted (提交) as you will be asked about any writers or scientific theories you’ve mentioned. It’s not a good look if you can’t discuss your subject area or struggle to form your own opinions about it.

It’s also OK to say you’re unfamiliar with a question, but always attempt to answer it.

Interviews aren’t everything

Don’t worry about any mistakes you make. Your whole application is more than just a meeting, so take the time to de-stress and visit local sites.

It is also common for students to have an additional interview with another Oxford college if your interviewer is unsure about you. Take it as a second chance.

Overall, think and act as you usually would. Everyone there is gifted, but demonstrating (证明)) how your mind works and how you approach difficult things is how you will stand out.

4．According to the passage, how can you prepare for the questions in interviews?

A．Search for information about ladybirds. B．Try to solve problems all by yourself.

C．Pay attention to your course or interests. D．Practice explaining your thoughts aloud.

5．What does the underlined word “additional”mean in the passage?

A．Extra B．Special C．Usual D．Complete

6．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Interviews have something to do with what you wrote in your application.

B．You need to think and act much better than how you behave in your daily life.

C．You will be asked about a writer or scientific theories that you just heard about.

D．You should be careful not to make any mistakes when you are having interviews.

【答案】

4．D

5．A

6．A

【分析】

本文讲述了作为世界顶级大学之一，牛津大学吸引了来自世界各地的学生，除了需要一个完美的学习成绩。下文写出了一些建议：你不能为这些做准备，但你可以练习大声解释你对不同话题的想法。你对一个问题不熟悉也没关系，但一定要尝试回答它。不要担心你犯的任何错误。总的来说，像平常一样思考和行动。

4．细节理解题。根据“You can’t prepare for these, but you can practice explaining your thoughts aloud about different topics.”可知你不能为这些做准备，但你可以练习大声解释你对不同话题的想法，故选D。

5．词义猜测题。Extra额外的；Special特殊的；Usual    通常；Complete完成；根据“Take it as a second chance.”可知把它当作第二次机会，可推测出该单词意思是“额外的”，故选A。

6．推理判断题。根据“Most of your interviews will be made up of what you wrote in your application.”可知你的大部分面试都是由你在申请表中所写的内容构成的，与选项A内容相符；根据“think and act as you usually woOverall, think and act as you usually would.”可知像平常一样思考和行动，与选项B内容不符；根据“as you will be asked about any writers or scientific theories you’ve mentioned”可知因为你会被问到关于你提到的任何作家或科学理论的问题，与选项C内容不符；根据“Don’t worry about any mistakes you make.”可知不要担心你犯的任何错误，与选项D内容不符；故选A。

C

Apollo, a 5­month­old pit bull puppy(比特犬), is getting extra hugs today, after saving his owner's girlfriend from a terrible attack.

According to the New York Post, 18­year­old Maya Fairweather was visiting her boyfriend, Carlos Guzman, at his apartment in the Red Hook neighborhood in Brooklyn New York, on Monday night. Around 10 pm, the teen decided to take Guzman's puppy, Apollo, for a walk.

Once she reached a nearby Park, Fairweather let the pit bull off his rope so he could run around on the grass. Meanwhile, she kept a close watch on him, listening to music through her headphones. “I felt someone pulling my headphones,” she told the New York Post. “I thought it was my boyfriend joking me, so I turned around and smiled—but it wasn't my boyfriend.”

Instead it was an unfamiliar man, who started attacking Fairweather, pushed her to the ground and tried to control her arms. After struggling with the attacker for a few moments, the girl was saved by her protective puppy. Apollo raced to the scene and bit the attacker's leg.

The puppy bit down so hard that the stranger was forced to take his attention off Fairweather to try to shake the dog off. The girl used the moment of distraction(分散注意力)to run across the street and escape.

Finally, Apollo set the attacker free, who ran away. “He was protective,” Fairweather said about the dog's heroic deed. “I think it would have been a lot worse. I wouldn't have been so lucky.”

After that, Fairweather, who was not harmed during the attack, returned to Guzman's apartment with Apollo. Guzman's sister took Fairweather to a local police station to report the attack. The police are now searching for the man.

Fairweather is really grateful for the role Apollo played in her escape, but is surprised that the dog came to her rescue. “He is a sweet dog. I never thought he would bite anyone. He never bit anyone before. He's usually very friendly and just jumps on everyone,” she said.

7．What was Maya Fairweather doing when she was attacked?

A．She was playing with her boyfriend in the park.

B．She was walking the dog with the rope in her hand.

C．She was talking to her boyfriend on the phone.

D．She was listening to music through headphones.

8．What does Fairweather think of the puppy?

A．Brave and patient.

B．Friendly and protective.

C．Gentle and kind.

D．Helpful and honest.

9．Which is the correct order of the following events?

①Apollo bit the attacker's leg to take the attacker's attention.

②She and the dog returned to the apartment and reported the attack.

③Someone pulled her headphones and began to attack her.

④Fairweather released the puppy's rope to let him run.

⑤Fairweather ran across the street and escaped.

A．③④⑤②① B．④③②①⑤

C．④③①⑤② D．③②①④⑤

10．What is the best title of the passage?

A．The hero dog—Apollo.

B．A heroic puppy saved a girl from an attack.

C．Apollo is receiving more hugs.

D．The sweet puppy you should own.

【答案】

7．D

8．B

9．C

10．B

【分析】

本文主要讲述了一只比特犬——阿波罗勇敢救主人的故事。

7．细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句“…listening to music through her headphones. I felt someone pulling my headphones…”可知，她戴着耳机听音乐。故选D。

8．推理判断题。根据第六段第二句“He was protective, Fairweather said…”和最后一段中的“He's usually very friendly…”可知，费尔韦瑟认为狗是友好且有保护性的。故选B。

9．篇章结构题。根据第三段第一句“…Fairweather let the pit bull off his rope so he could run…”，第三段第三句“I felt someone pulling my headphones…”，第四段最后一句“Apollo…bit the attacker's leg.”，第五段最后一句“The girl…run across the street and escape.”和第七段可知，顺序应为④③①⑤②。故选C。

10．最佳标题题。A项：狗英雄——阿波罗；B项：一只英勇的小狗把一个女孩从袭击中救了出来；C项：阿波罗得到了更多的拥抱；D项：你应该拥有的可爱的小狗。根据文意可知，本文主要讲述了一条5个月大的比特犬在主人的女友被袭击时勇敢地击退了袭击者的故事。所以B项最能概括文章内容。故选B。

D

The UN Environment Programme says that raising temperatures could mean the end of some migrating (迁徙) animals.

Migrating animals move through several environments as they travel away from the cold area into winter to warmer ones. Birds may fly from one part of the world to another, perhaps stopping at feeding grounds on the way. Whales and turtles travel through huge areas of ocean. A report says that changes in any one of the places where these animals stay can cause serious problems. "Obviously these animals have developed their traveling ways over thousands of years. But weather changes much greater over the next 25 to 50 years. And it is impossible for these animals to change their habits fast enough," said the report writer Dr. Robert Hepworth.

Turtles are hit hardest by rising temperatures. Scientists have found that at higher temperatures. Turtles have far more female eggs than male ones. In parts of Malaysia, Turtles are only giving birth to female babies. And some turtles are more probable to develop cancer as the waters get warmer.

With birds, the main problem is the harm to important areas at the end of their travels or at resting places along the way. About one-fifth of immigration birds are now in danger because of these changes, including rising sea levels, land loss and more strong storms.

Some other animals are now in great danger. For example, the North Atlantic Right Whale is losing their food because of the changing ocean flows. The White-Nose Dolphin is out-competed (淘汰) by other kinds in warmer waters.

The report is not all bad news. Even with the temperature changing, protecting the environment can still help migrating animals return." We need governments to start taking action all over the world. The clock is ticking. We should make full use of every minute." said Dr. Hepworth. And now some projects are already working! Whales are changing their feeding habits, finding new feeding grounds and new foods to eat.

11．Which part of a newspaper made this passage come from?

A．Popular Science. B．Art Style. C．Weather Report. D．Teenage Problem.

12．Why does this raising temperature mean the end of some migrating animals?

A．They stop moving through several environments.

B．They can't suit the changes during their travelling.

C．Their travelling habits will be changed fast enough.

D．They keep flying from one part of the world to another.

13．What is the result of the warming according to the passage?

A．The North Atlantic Right Whale may find new food.

B．Some turtles may develop cancer with the warm waters.

C．1/5 of migrating birds change their feeding habits.

D．The White-Nosed Dolphin may have only female babies.

14．What does the underlined sentence "The clock is ticking" mean?

A．It takes time to achieve the project. B．It may be too late to save the world.

C．It's time to solve the problems at once. D．It's important to stop animals from returning.

15．What's the main topic of the passage?

A．Ways to prevent world warming. B．Steps to save the animals in danger.

C．Animals' competition with other for food. D．Effect of rising temperatures on migrating animals.

【答案】

11．A

12．B

13．B

14．C

15．D

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了气温变化对动物迁徙的影响，号召人们采取行动保护环境。

11．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了气温变化对动物迁徙的影响，因此判断这是一篇环保类文章，来源于报纸中的“科学”版块。故选A。

12．推理判断题。根据第二段“But weather changes much greater over the next 25 to 50 years. And it is impossible for these animals to change their habits fast enough”可知，温度的骤然上升使这些迁徙的动物无法很快改变习惯，即迁徙中无法适应变化。故选B。

13．细节理解题。根据第三段“And some turtles are more probable to develop cancer as the waters get warmer.”可知，水温变暖可能会让一些海龟患上癌症。故选B。

14．词句猜测题。根据后文“We should make full use of every minute”可知，我们要充分利用每一分钟，故可知时间紧迫，我们必须马上采取行动解决问题。故选C。

15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“raising temperatures could mean the end of some migrating (迁徙) animals.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍气温上升对于迁徙动物的影响。故选D。