最新中考英语复习Part 3　科普文专题特训课件PPT

这是一份最新中考英语复习Part 3　科普文专题特训课件PPT，共28页。PPT课件主要包含了ACC等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一The idea that red means stp and green means g has influenced ur lives in mre ways than just traffic signals.We have been taught frm a yung age that the clr red means danger and green means it’s kay t mve frward.But why were thse clrs chsen fr traffic lights in the first place? Fr smething we have t lk at every day, why culdn’t they have been prettier clrs?Well, it’s imprtant t knw that befre traffic lights fr cars, there were traffic signals fr trains.At first, railway cmpanies used red t mean stp, white t mean g, and green t mean warn.As yu culd imagine, trains ran int a few prblems with white meaning g.Fr example, ne train mistk a bright star fr a white light and smething unexpected happened.Because f that,railway cmpanies finally mved green meaning g and used yellw t mean warn.And it’s been that way ever since.Red has always been a clr that meant danger, lng befre cars were even arund.This mst likely started because it’s the clr with the lngest wavelength s it can be seen smewhere farther than ther clrs.But believe it r nt, yellw was nce used t mean stp.Back in the 1900s, sme stp signs were yellw because it was hard t see a red sign in a prly lit area.Finally, highly reflective materials(高反射材料) were develped and red stp signs were brn.Since yellw can be seen well at all times f the day, schl znes, sme traffic signs, and schl buses cntinue t be printed yellw.S next time when yu are impatiently waiting at a traffic light, dn’t get s mad at them; they’ve certainly cme a lng way.
(　　)1.What were traffic signals fr befre traffic lights fr cars?A.Trains.B.Bats.C.Planes.D.Bicycles.(　　)2.Which f the fllwing clrs meant g at first?A.Red.B.Yellw.C.White.D.Green.(　　)3.The underlined wrd “wavelength” means 　　　　in Chinese. A.波浪　B.波峰C.波长　D.波谷
(　　)4.Why are schl buses painted yellw?A.Because yellw is a prettier clr.B.Because yellw nce meant yellw can be seen well at all times f the day.D.Because yellw means it’s OK t g frward.(　　)5.The text mainly tells us 　　　　. A.hw imprtant traffic lights areB.which clr has the lngest wavelengthC.what red, yellw and green can be used frD.why traffic lights are red, yellw and green
二Searching fr parking spaces has lng been a headache fr many ffice wrkers in many big cities in China, especially fr thse wrking in central business districts.Parking near their cmpanies fr five days a week culd cst them a lt f mney.At the same time, even with prices fr parking lts in residential areas(居民区) rising, mst f their spaces remain idle during wrkdays.Nw a new frm f sharing ecnmy has appeared in China—the shared parking space.It has becme a huge market in sme big cities.In Qingda, a castal(海岸的) city in Shandng, up t 10,000 persnal parking spaces have been turned int shared nes with the help f “Airparking”, an nline shared parking platfrm develped by a netwrk cmpany frm Guangzhu.Thrugh a special app, users can either share r rder a parking place.Owners wh have idle parking spaces can share sme infrmatin, including the parking psitin, license number and time limit(限制) n the platfrm.With the infrmatin, users can easily find the nearest place t park.The average parking cst fr shared parking is 4 yuan each hur, almst the same as the service cst in traditinal parking spaces.Qingda is ne f the Chinese cities that encurage shared parking.Sme ther big cities, including Beijing, Shanghai and Hefei, have als begun t try this idea.The Shanghai gvernment, fr example, has set up mre than 6,500 shared parking spaces t encurage the public t use.Shared parking will be mre and mre helpful t the drivers.
(　　)6.In the first paragraph, the writer pints ut that 　　　　. A.we shuld find a gd way t use parking spaces in big citiesB.prices f parking spaces are rising quickly in ChinaC.it’s difficult t find parking spaces in central business districtsD.many peple want t find parking spaces in residential areas during wrkdays
(　　)7.The underlined wrd “idle” prbably means 　　　　in Chinese in this passage. A.无所事事的　B.停顿的C.闲置的D.懒惰的
(　　)8.If yu want t use shared parking in Qingda, yu shuld 　　　　. A.lve the city　B.use a special app　C.have an idle parking space　D.share yur persnal infrmatin(　　)9.Hw much shuld yu pay if yu use a shared parking space fr 5 hurs in Qingda?A.15 yuan.B.20 yuan.C.25 yuan.D.30 yuan.
(　　)10.The purpse f the passage is t tell us that 　　　　. A.it’s hard t find parking spaces in residential areas during wrkdaysB.Qingda has fewer shared parking spaces than ShanghaiC.shared parking will prbably becme mre and mre ppularD.shared parking is mre expensive than traditinal parking service
三Are yu smetimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternn? Many peple feel this way after lunch.They may think that eating lunch is the cause f the sleepiness.Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat.Hwever, the real reasn lies inside their bdies.At that time — abut eight hurs after yu wake up — yur bdy temperature ges dwn.This is what makes yu slw dwn and feel sleepy.Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments where there was n night r day.The peple in these experiments almst always fllwed a similar sleeping pattern.They slept fr ne lng perid and then fr ne shrt perid abut eight hurs later.In many parts f the wrld, peple take naps in the middle f the day.This is especially true in warmer climates, where the heat makes wrk difficult in the early afternn.Researchers are nw saying that naps are gd fr everyne in any climate.A daily nap gives ne a mre rested bdy and mind and therefre is gd fr health in general.In cuntries where naps are traditinal, peple ften suffer(遭受) less frm prblems such as heart disease.Many wrking peple, unfrtunately, have n time t take naps.Thugh dctrs may advise taking naps, emplyers d nt allw it!If yu d have the chance, hwever, here are a few tips abut making the mst f yur nap.Remember that the best time t take a nap is abut eight hurs after yu get up.A shrt sleep t late in the day may nly make yu feel mre tired and sleepy afterward.This can als happen if yu sleep fr t lng.If yu d nt have enugh time, try a shrt nap — even ten minutes f sleep can be helpful.
(　　)11.Why d yu smetimes feel sleepy in the early afternn?A.Because it’s very ht in summer.B.Because yu eat t much fr yu didn’t have a gd sleep last night.D.Because yur bdy temperature ges dwn at that time.
(　　)12.What advice des the writer give n taking a nap?A.If yur time is limited, a shrt nap can als peple in warmer climate need t take a ’d better take a nap abut an hur after yu have can sleep as lng as yu like s that yu wn’t feel tired r sleepy.
(　　)13.What can we learn abut “naps” accrding t the third paragraph?A.Dctrs need t take naps while emplyers dn’ naps is helpful fr peple’s health in spring and yu take naps every day, yu’ll have less risk f heart the peple in warmer climates take naps in the middle f the day.
(　　)14.We can infer(推断) frm the passage that 　　　　. A.yu will feel less sleepy if yu sleep fr a lng timeB.taking a nap whenever yu want will d gd t yur healthC.if yu get up at 6:30 a.m., yu’d better take a nap at abut 2:30 fr eight hurs,and yu’ll feel sleepy a shrt perid later
(　　)15.What wuld be the best title fr the text?A.Just Fr a RestB.All Fr a NapC.A Special Sleep PatternD.Taking Naps in Warmer Climates
四In recent histry, there have been sme amazing inventins which have changed ur lives.The plane has made internatinal travel faster and easier.The Internet has brught peple clser.And yu must knw the names f sme famus inventrs like Henry Frd and Steve Jbs.But there are many everyday bjects which yu prbably dn’t ntice and yu dn’t knw wh invented them.Take fr example Nils Bhlin, wh invented the mdern-day car seat belt (安全带).Befre 1959, nly tw-pint seat belts were available, and the nly peple wh ften wre them were race car drivers.The tw-pint seat belt culdn’t prtect passengers frm internal injuries (内伤) during serius car accidents.In 1958, Bhlin jined Vlv Car Crpratin as a safety engineer.He came up with the three-pint seat belt t keep passengers frm flying ut f their cars during cllisins.The three-pint seat belt used ne strap (带子) acrss the chest (胸部) and anther acrss the legs and then the tw jined at the same place.Amazingly, this was a very simple idea which n ne tried befre.The three-pint seat belt was intrduced n Vlv cars in 1959.Fr mre peple’s safety, Vlv made the new seat belt design (设计) available t ther car makers fr free.Since then, engineers have wrked t imprve the three-pint seat belt, but the basic design remains Bhlin’s.At the time f Bhlin’s death in September 2002, Vlv said that the seat belt had saved mre than ne millin lives since it was intrduced.
(　　)16.The writer develps his ideas in Paragraph 1 by 　　　　. A.telling a jke　B.giving sme examplesC.asking sme fun questins　D.describing a persnal experience(　　)17.What can we learn abut the tw-pint seat belt?A.It was sld wrldwide.B.It was nt easy t saved ver ne millin lives.D.It was ppular with race car drivers nly.
(　　)18.The underlined wrd “cllisins” in Paragraph 3 means 　　　　in Chinese in this passage. A.碰撞　B.清洗　C.制造　D.修理(　　)19.Bhlin invented the three-pint seat belt 　　　　. A.in the early 1950s　B.t get a jb at Vlv C.while wrking at Vlv　D.after having a car accident
(　　)20.The best title f this passage is 　　　　. A.Car safety　B.A great car cmpanyC.A life-saving inventin D.Different kinds f seat belts
五We have fund plastic in the cean and in animals like birds,fish and whales.But fr the first time,scientists have fund plastic in the waste frm human bdy,USA Tday reprted.The findings came frm a pilt study led by scientists frm Envirnment Agency Austria.The researchers fllwed eight healthy vlunteers frm different parts f the wrld.The vlunteers wrte dwn what they ate fr a week and then prvided a stl sample fr testing. Scientists fund nine different types f plastic in the samples,accrding t the study.An average f 20 small plastic particles(颗粒)were fund in every 10 grams f stl.The particles measured between 50 t 500 micrmeters.“The smallest plastic particles can enter the bldstream,the lymphatic system,and may even reach the liver(肝脏),”Philipp Schwabl,wh tk part in the research,said t the Guardian.Hwever,the scientists aren’t sure if this plastic is harmful t humans.They’re nt sure hw the plastic gt in the vlunteers’ bdies,either.But mst f the vlunteers said they drank frm plastic bttles and als ate seafd that culd include plastic frm cean pllutin.In fact,plastic is everywhere arund us.Every year,an average f 8 millin tns f plastic waste ges int the ceans,accrding t Natinal Gegraphic.There,sunlight and waves break the plastic items dwn t the sizes f grains f rice.Mst f the particles stay in the cean.Others can spread int the sil and the air.Culd plastic in the air fall nt fd and get int the human bdy?Accrding t USA Tday,90 percent f sea salt sld glbally cntains plastic.And even sme tap water has been fund t have tiny plastic particles in it.
(　　)21.Accrding t USA Tday,scientists have recently discvered 　　　　. A.plastic pllutin is wrse than everB.animals like birds r fish can eat plasticC.sea salt is nt safe t eat any mreD.plastic has been fund in human waste
(　　)22.The pilt study shws that 　　　　. A.scientists frm Australia fllwed eight healthy vlunteersB.the vlunteers kept a recrd f what they ate fr a weekC.nine plastic particles were fund in the vlunteers’ stl samplesD.it prved that cean pllutin has becme rather serius(　　)23.The underlined wrds “stl sample” prbably mean 　　　　in Chinese in this passage. A.大便样本B.科研例子C.凳子样品D.化验报告
(　　)24.Frm Paragraph 4 we can knw 　　　　. A.plastic particles are inside all f usB.plastic can harm the lymphatic systemC.plastic particles can be a few different sizesD.plastic particles can reach many parts f ur bdies
(　　)25.The writer prbably wants t tell us 　　　　. A.plastic des n harm t ur bdiesB.peple shuld stp drinking tap waterC.it can be hard t avid plastic in fd and drinksD.the best way t deal with plastic waste is t burn it
六Everyne has gt tw persnalities—ne is shwn t the wrld and the ther is secret and real.Yu dn’t shw yur secret persnality when yu are awake because yu can cntrl yur behavir, but when yu are asleep, sleeping psitin shws the real yu.In a nrmal night, f curse, peple frequently change their psitin.The imprtant psitin is the ne that yu g t sleep in.If yu g t sleep n yur back, yur are a very pen persn.Yu nrmally trust peple and yu are easily influenced by fashin r yur new ideas.Yu dn’t like t upset peple, s yu never express yur real feelings.Yu are quite shy and yu aren’t very cnfident.If yu sleep n yur stmach, yu are a rather secretive persn.Yu wrry a lt and always easily get upset.Yu always stick t yur wn pinins r judgement, but yu dn’t raise yur hpes t much.Yu usually live fr tday nt tmrrw.This means that yu enjy having a gd time.If yu sleep curled up(蜷缩), yu are prbably a very nervus persn.Yu have a lw pinin f yurself and yu are ften very defensive.Yu are shy and yu dn’t nrmally like meeting peple.Yu prefer t be n yur wn.Yu are easily hurt.If yu sleep n yur side, yu have usually gt a well-balanced(平衡的) persnality.Yu knw yur strengths and weaknesses.Yu are usually careful.Yu believe in yurself.Yu smetimes feel anxius, but yu dn’t ften get sad.Yu always say what yu think even if it makes peple rather angry.
(　　)26.Yu may find the passage in 　　　　. A.a science magazine　B.a guide bk　C.a sprts newspaper　D.a strybk(　　)27.When des the sleeping psitin best shw yur secret persnality?A.At the daytime.B.When yu g t bed.C.At night.D.During the deep sleep.
(　　)28.Tina hardly tells her secrets t her friends.She prbably ges t sleep 　　　　. A.curled up　B.n her stmach　C.n her back　D.n her side(　　)29.The underlined wrd “defensive” means 　　　　in Chinese in the passage. A.易怒的　B.攻击性的　C.外向的　D.有戒心的