外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳定稿版

这是一份外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳定稿版，主要包含了时态，人称代词，可数名词的复数形式，不可数名词，缩略形式I，m，介词，基数词变成序数词的方法， sme /any的用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。

外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳
一、时态
一般现在时
every…每…,
表示经常发生的动作或事情，通常用“usually通常，ften常常, smetimes 有时，always 总是，"等词。
基本结构：
主语 I / Yu / We / They /He / She / It
肯定句：主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式
否定句：主语+ dn' t +动词原形或者desn' t +动原
一般疑问句(Yes/N) D—
Yes, I d. N, I dn' t.
Des*** (动词原形)…Yes, he/she des. N, he/she desn'
特殊疑问句What d ••• Hw des she-*(动词原形)…
动词第三人称单数形式(同名词单数变成复数方法相同)―般情况 +s 如:walk-walks
辅音字母+y结尾 去y +ies fly-flies
结尾是 s, x, sh, ch +es watch-watches
结尾是 0 +es d-des, g-ges
特殊 have-has
现在进行时
表示正在发生的动作，通常用“nw现在，lk看，linsen听”.
基本形式：be +动词-ing
eg: I am (nt) ding my hmewrk.
Yu/We/They are (nt) reading. He/She/It is (nt) eating.
What are yu dingIs he reading
动词的现在分词形式(动词+ing)
—般情况 +ing walk一walking
结尾是不发音的e -e + ing cme—cming重读闭音节双写最后一个字母+ing swim-
swimmingrun~running
一般过去时
years
表示过去已经发生的事情,通常用“last…上一个…，just nw刚才，many ag许多年前，yesterday昨天”等词。
be 动词的过去式：am/is—wasare—were
过去式基本结构
肯定句：主语+动词过去式
I went shpping last night.
否定句：主语+ didn' t +动词原形
I didn' t g shpping last night.
一般疑问句(Yes/N)
Did ・••+动词原形…
Did yu g shpping last night
特殊疑问句(讪-)What did・・・+动词原形…
What did yu d last night
动词过去式的变化:
规则动词的变化:
一般动词 +ed planted, watered, climbed
以不发音的e结尾+d liked tied
辅音字母加 y 结尾-y+ ledstudy—studied, cry- cried
重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字双写最后一个字母+ed
plan - planned
stp 一
stpped
不规则动词的变化：
原形
过去式
原形
过去式
原形过去式
am /is
was
are
were
g
went
d
did
find
fund
buy
bught
eat
ate
feel
felt
drink
drank
teach
taught
take
tk
read
read
give
gave
have
had
put
put
sing
sang
drive
drve
meet
met
cut cut
begin
began
make
made
4.一般将来时
let let
ring rang
write wrte
一般将来时表示将来打算做的事或将要发生的事情。常常与tmrrw, next Sunday等
时间状语连用。
结构:be ging t +动词原形或will +动词原形
ging
t
visit
my grandpa next
week.
see
saw
run
ran
ride
rde
cme
came
draw
drew
sit
sat
tell
tld
learn
learnt
get
gt
carry
carried
study
studied
二、人称代词
主格I
we
yu
he
she
it
they
宾格 me
us
yu
him
her
it
them
形容词性物主代词
my
ur
yur
his
her its
their
名词性物主代词
mine
urs
yurs
his
hers its
theris
（注:介词，动词后面跟宾格。后面没有名词时用名词性物主代词。）三、可数名词的复数形式
1 .一般名词：+ s bk - bks
辅音字母加 y 结尾：-y+ iesstry—stries
以 s, x, sh, ch ,结尾：+ esglass—glasses; a watch-watches
以。结尾：1）有生命的 +esptat-ptates
2）无生命的 +s pht-phtes
以 f 或 fe 结尾：- f 或 fe 变为 ves knife - knives; shelf-shelves
特殊的名词复数：
man-men, wman-wmen, pliceman-plicemen, plicewman-plicewmen, muse-mice, child-children
ft-feet,・ tth-teeth
fish-fish, peple-peple, Chinese-Chinese,
四、不可数名词（没有复数形式）
bread, rice, water, juice, milk, tea, cffee
五、缩略形式I，m
am
yu re =
yu are she s = she is
he' s = he is
hasn, t = he has(gt)
it s = it is
wh"
s =wh is
can t
=can nt isn t=is nt
didn' t=did nt
weren* t=were nt wasn
t=was
nt let*
s=let us
I' 11=1 will
六、
a. an • the的用法
1 .单词的第一读音是辅音读音:a bk,
a peach,
单词的第一个读音是元音读音：an egg,
an hur.
an “F
2. the要注意的:球类前面不加the, play ftball
乐器前面要加the, play the pian
序数词前面要加the, the secnd
七、介词
1.表示方位：n, in , in frnt f, between, next t,
near,
beside, at, behind.,
under
2 .表示时间:
(l)at :几点前面用at如旭t six ' clck,没有day的节日前用at如：at Christmas,
固定词组 at the weekends , at night
n:用于星期，日期，某一天的上午、下午、晚上(指具体的某一天时)
n Sunday在星期天n Sunday mrning在星期天的上午n March 8在3月8日；带 有Day的节日前用n如：n Natinal Day
in:早晨，中午，晚上前用 in: in the mrning , in the afternn , in the evening ,月份前用in，如in December ;季节前用in，如winter;年份前用in,如 in 1999
八、基数词变成序数词的方法
直接在基数词词尾加上th。如:seventh第七,tenth第十,thirteenth第十三,2. 以y结尾的基数词，变y为i,再加上eth。如:twentieth第二十。
不规则的。如:first 第一，secnd 第二，third 第三，fifth 第五，eighth 第 八，ninth 第九，twelfth 第十二。
有两个或以上单词组成的基数词只改最后一个单词如twenty-first第二十一。九、 sme /any的用法
1 .肯定句中用 sme: I have sme tys in my bedrm.
问句和否定句中用 any:D yu have any brthers r sisters
He hasn* t gt any pencils in his pencil-case.
3•询问想要什么时用 sme:Wuld yu like sme juiceCan I have sme stamps
十、there be结构
肯定句（有…）：There is +单数或不可数名词
There are +复数
注:遵循就近原则，看靠there be最近的
there is. / N, there isn' t.
aren t.
一般疑问句（有…吗,）:Is there…Yes,
Are there…Yes, there are. /N, there
否定句（没有）：There isn* t ….There
there be句型与have （has）的区别:there be表示在某地有某物（或人）:have （has）表
示某人拥有某物。
十一、祈使句
Sit dwn please.
Dn* t pen the dr, please.
Let' s g t the park.
（注:祈使句中动词用原形）
十二、（情态）动词
can, may, must, shuld, will后面直接用动词原形。
I / He / She / They can sing.
May I cme in
I must g nw.
Yu shuld be quiet in the library. 3. Yu' 11 be gd friends.
十四、特殊疑问句
What什么（问什么事，什么物或什么工作等）
What are yu ding, I * m reading.
What did yu d yesterday I played basketball.
What are yu ging t d I' m ging t d hmewrk.
What is that It' s a bk.
What des he/she d? She' s a nurse.
What time is it
It' s seven.
What clur 问颜色What clur is yur cat It' s red.
when什么时候
When d yu get up I get up at six thirty.
When is yur birthday It' s n the 21st f December.
Which 哪一个
Which is yur watch, the yellw ne r the white ne?
The yellw is mine.
Wh。谁
Wh is the man with a big nse He' s my uncle.
Whse 谁的
Whse bag is it It' s his bag.
Where 哪里
Where is my pen
It' s under the bk.Why为什么
Why d yu like
summer Because…
Hw many 多少
Hw many bks
are there in
the schl bag?
There are fur
bks in the
schl bag.
Hw ld 几岁
Hw ld is the yung man He1
s nineteen.
Hw much 多少钱
Hw much is the ty bear It' s eleven yuan.
Hw 怎么样(Hw lng/ big/tall)
Hw d yu g t schl everyday I g t schl by car.
Hw lng is the river It' s 10 miles lng.
十五.已经学过的动词
say
help
knw
lst
live
read
run
take
listen
talk
see
draw
jump
sing
dance
want
make
buy
help
give
climb
visit
get
answer
learn
take
fly
have
ck
phne
wash
sing
g
eat
tell
travel
cme
fall
find
ride
carry
like
swim
pass
play
skip
watch
fly
pen
put
meet
wait
send
need
take
wear
catch
use
feel
smell
shut
wrk
put
take
get
bring
speak
sit dwn
stand up
find ut
turn right
turn left
g straight
g t schl